Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T01:14:09.443Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

From Invisible to Indigenous-Driven: A Critical Typology of Research in Indigenous Tourism

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2012

Noah Nielsen
Affiliation:
Southern Cross University, Australia
Erica Wilson*
Affiliation:
Southern Cross University, Australia
*
Address for correspondence Erica Wilson, Senior Lecturer, School of Tourism and Hospitality Management, Faculty of Business, Southern Cross University, PO Box 157, Lismore NSW 2480Australia. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access

Abstract

This article applies a critical, deconstructive lens to examine the assumptions underpinning research in Indigenous tourism. The authors propose a conceptual typology to explore the presence, role and voice of Indigenous people within this body of research. The typology consists of four main positions, namely: invisible, identified, stakeholder, and Indigenous-driven. Examples of Indigenous tourism literature are then used to illustrate this paper's main argument, which is that although Indigenous tourism has been a topic of academic interest for over three decades, it is still predominantly driven by the needs and priorities of non-Indigenous people. Ultimately, it appears that Indigenous voice and presence as scholars and researchers within the Indigenous tourism literature remain elusive.

Type
Special Issue: Beyond the Margins (Critical Tourism and Hospitality)
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Commission. (1997). National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Tourism Industry Strategy. Canberra, Australia: Author.Google Scholar
Akama, J.S. (2004). Neocolonialism, dependency and external control of Africa's tourism industry: A case study of wildlife safari tourism in Kenya. In Hall, C.M. & Tucker, H. (Eds.), Tourism and postcolonialism: Contested discourses, identities and representations (pp. 140152). London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Altman, J., & Finlayson, J. (1993). Aborigines, tourism and sustainable development. The Journal of Tourism Studies, 4 (1), 3850.Google Scholar
Anderson, C, Bundaz, T., & Walter, M. (2008). Indigenous higher education: The role of universities in releasing the potential. The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education, 37, 18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ateljevic, I., Harris, C., Wilson, E., & Leo Collins, F. (2005). Getting ‘entangled’: Reflexivity and the ‘critical turn’ in tourism studies. Tourism Recreation Research, 30 (2), 921.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ateljevic, I., Pritchard, A., & Morgan, N. (2007). (Eds.), The critical turn in tourism studies: Innovative research methodologies. Oxford, England: Elsevier.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Australian Tourist Commission. (2003). Segment insights pack: Market research intelligence on Aboriginal tourism. Canberra, Australia: Author.Google Scholar
Beck, W., & Somerville, M. (2002). Embodied places in Indigenous ecotourism: The Yarrawarra research project. Australian Aboriginal Studies, 2, 413.Google Scholar
Bennett, J. (2005). Indigenous entrepreneurship, social capital and tourism enterprise development: Lessons from Cape York (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.Google Scholar
Bennett, J., & Gordon, W. (2007). Social capital and the Indigenous tourism entrepreneur. Lismore, Australia: Southern Cross University Press.Google Scholar
Boyle, A. (2001). Australian Indigenous tourism research strategy scoping study. Darwin, Australia: CRC for Sustainable Tourism.Google Scholar
Bunten, A.C. (2006). ‘So, how long have you been native?’: Self-commodification in the native-owned cultural tourism industry (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of California, Los Angeles.Google Scholar
Bunten, A.C. (2010). More like ourselves: Indigenous capitalism through tourism. American Indian Quarterly, 34 (3), 285.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, R., & Hinch, T. (Eds.). (2007). Tourism and Indigenous peoples: Issues and implications. Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Butler, R., & Hinch, T. (Eds.). (1996). Tourism and Indigenous peoples. London: International Thomson Business Press.Google Scholar
Buultjens, J., & Fuller, D. (Eds.). (2007). Striving for sustainability: Case studies in Indigenous tourism. Lismore, Australia: Southern Cross University Press.Google Scholar
Carr, A. (2007). Maori nature tourism businesses: Connecting with the land. In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous people issue and implications (pp. 113128). Oxford: Elsevier.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Collard, L., Harben, S., & van den Berg, R. (2007). Nyungar tourism in the south-west region of Western Australia: Three Nyungar case studies. In Buultjens, J. & Fuller, D. (Eds.), Striving for sustainability: Case studies in Indigenous tourism (pp. 403438). Lismore, Australia: Southern Cross University Press.Google Scholar
Cukier, J. (1996). Tourism employment in Bali: Trends and implications. In Butler, V. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous peoples (pp. 4975). London: International Thomson Business Press.Google Scholar
de Burlo, C. (1996). Cultural resistance and ethnic tourism on South Pentecost, Vanuatu. In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Indigenous tourism (pp. 255276). London: International Thomson Business Press.Google Scholar
Denzin, N.K., & Lincoln, Y.S. (2000). Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research. In Denzin, N.K. & Lincoln, Y.S. (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed., pp. 128). Thousand Oaks, CA.: Sage.Google Scholar
Dyer, P., Aberdeen, L., & Schuler, S. (2003). Tourism impacts on an Australian Indigenous community: A Djabugay case study. Tourism Management, 24, 8395.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edelheim, J. (2007). Hidden messages: A polysemic reading of tourist brochures. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 13 (1), 517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elder, B. (2005, April 30–May 1). Feel the spirit. Sydney Morning Herald, pp. 5 –7.Google Scholar
Finlayson, J. (1991). Australian Aborigines and cultural tourism: Case studies of Aboriginal involvement in the tourism industry. Wollongong, Australia: The Centre for Multicultural Studies, University of Wollongong.Google Scholar
Finlayson, J., & Madden, R. (1995). Regional tourism case studies: Indigenous participation in tourism in Victoria. Paper presented at the Tourism Research and Education in Australia: Proceedings from the Tourism and Educators’ Conference, Gold Coast.Google Scholar
Foley, D. (2006). Australian Indigenous entrepreneurs: Not all community organisations, not all in the outback. Canberra, Australia: Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy and Research, Australian National University.Google Scholar
Fuller, D., & Gleeson, A. (2007). Sustainable Indigenous community economic development in Australia. In Buultjens, J. & Fuller, D. (Eds.), Striving for sustainability: Case studies in Indigenous tourism (pp. 136). Lismore, Australia: Southern Cross University Press.Google Scholar
Graburn, N. (1989). Tourism: The sacred journey. In Smith, V. (Ed.), Hosts and guests: The anthropology of tourism (2nd ed., pp. 2136). Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Greenwood, D. (1989). Culture by the pound: An anthropological perspective on tourism and cultural commodification. In Smith, V. (Ed.), Hosts and guests: The anthropology of tourism (pp. 171186). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Gurung, G., Simmons, D., & Devlin, P. (1996). The evolving role of tourist guides: The Nepali experience. In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous peoples (pp. 107128). London: International Thomson Business Press.Google Scholar
Hall, C.M. (2004). Reflexivity and tourism research: Situating myself and/with others. In Phillimore, P. & Goodson, L. (Eds.), Qualitative research in tourism (pp. 137155). New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Hall, C.M., & Tucker, H. (Eds.). (2004). Tourism and postcolonialism: Contested discourses, identities and representations. Oxon, UK: Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Higgins-Desbiolles, F. (2007). Kungan Ngarrindjeri Yunnan: A case study of Indigenous rights and tourism in Australia. In Buultjens, J. & Fuller, F. (Eds.), Striving for sustainablity: Case studies in Indigenous tourism (pp. 139187). Lismore, Australia: Southern Cross University Press.Google Scholar
Hinch, T., & Butler, R. (1996). Indigenous tourism: A common ground for discussion. In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous peoples (pp. 322). London: Thomson International Business Press.Google Scholar
Hinch, T., & Butler, R. (2007). Indigenous tourism: Revisiting common ground Tourism and Indigenous peoples: Issues and implications (pp. 113). Oxford, UK: Butterworth-Heinemann.Google Scholar
Hollinshead, K. (1996). Marketing and metaphysical realism: The disidentification of Aboriginal life and traditions through tourism. In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous peoples (pp. 308349). London: International Thomson Business Press.Google Scholar
Jafari, J. (1990). Research and scholarship: The basis of tourism education. Journal of Tourism Studies, 1 (1), 3341.Google Scholar
Kana'iaupuni, S.M. (2005). Ka'akalai ku kanaka: A call for strengths-based approaches from a Native Hawaiian perspective. Educational Researcher, 5(June/July), 32–38.Google Scholar
Leiper, N. (2003). Tourism management. Frenchs Forest, NSW: Pearson Sprint Print.Google Scholar
Mapunda, G. (2001). Indigenous tourism as a strategy for community development: An analysis of Indigenous business initiatives in South Australia. Paper presented at the 11th Annual CAUTHE Australian Tourism and Hospitality Research Conference, February 7–10, Canberra.Google Scholar
Martin, K. (2003a). Aboriginal people, Aboriginal lands and Indigenist research: A discussion of re-search pasts and neo-colonial research futures. Unpublished paper, Townsville, Queensland: James Cook University.Google Scholar
Martin, K. (2003b). Ways of knowing, ways of being and ways of doing: A theoretical framework and methods for Indigenous re-search and Indigenist research. Australian Studies, 76, 203214.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McIntosh, A., & Johnson, H. (2005). Understanding the nature of the marae experience: Views from hosts and visitors at the Nga Hau E Wha National Marae, Christchurch, New Zealand. In Ryan, C. & Aicken, M. (Eds.), Indigenous tourism: The commodification and management of culture (pp. 3550). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKercher, B. (2002). Towards a classifaction of cultural tourists. International Journal of Tourism Research, 4, 2938.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mercer, D. (2005). The ‘new pastoral industry?’: Tourism and Indigenous Australia. In Theobald, W. (Ed.), Global tourism (3rd ed., pp. 140161). Burlington, MA: Elsevier.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moscardo, G., & Pearce, P.L. (1999). Understanding ethnic tourists. Annals of Tourism Research, 26 (2), 416434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nepal, S.K. (2004). Indigenous ecotourism in Central British Columbia: The potential for buiding capacity in the TI'azt'en Nations Territories. Journal of Ecotourism, 3 (3), 173194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nielsen, N., Buultjens, J., & Gale, D. (2008). Indigenous tourism involvement in Queensland. Gold Coast, Ausralia: CRC for Sustainable Tourism.Google Scholar
Notzke, C. (2004). Indigenous tourism development in Southern Alberta, Canada: Tentative engagement. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 12 (1), 2954.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pitcher, M., van Oosterzee, P., & Palmer, L. (1999). Choice and control: The development of Indigenous tourism in Australia. Darwin, Australia: Centre for Indigenous Natural and Cultural Resource Management.Google Scholar
Rigney, L.I. (1997). Internationalisation of an Indigenous anti-colonial cultural critique of research methodologies: A guide to Indigenist research methodology and its principles. Journal for Native American Studies, 14 (2), 109121.Google Scholar
Russell-Mundine, G. (2007). Key factors for the successful development of Australian indigenous entrepreneurship. Tourism: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 55 (4), 412429.Google Scholar
Ryan, C. (2005). Introduction: Tourist-host nexus–research considerations. In Ryan, C. & Aicken, M. (Eds.), Indigenous tourism: The commodification and management of culture (pp. 115). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsiver.Google Scholar
Ryan, C., & Aicken, M. (Eds.). (2005). Indigenous tourism: The commodification and management of culture. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier.Google Scholar
Ryan, C., & Huyton, J. (2000). Who is interested in Aboriginal tourism in the Northern Territory, Australia? A cluster analysis. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 8 (1), 5388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryan, C., & Huyton, J. (2002). Tourists and Aboriginal people. Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (3), 631647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ryan, C., & Pike, S. (2003). Maori-based tourism in Rotorua: Perceptions of place by domestic visitors. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11 (4), 307321.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaper, M. (1999). Australia's Aboriginal small business owners: Challenges for the future. Journal of Small Business Management, 37 (3), 8893.Google Scholar
Smith, V.L. (1996). Indigenous tourism: The four Hs. In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous peoples (pp. 283307). London: International Thomson Business Press.Google Scholar
Smith, V.L. (Ed.). (1977). Hosts and guests: The anthropology of tourism. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Smith, V.L. (Ed.). (1989). Hosts and guests: The anthropology of tourism (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, V.L., & Brent, M. (Eds.). (2001). Hosts and guests revisited: Tourism issues of the 21st century. Elmsford, NY: Cognizant Communication Corporation.Google Scholar
Sofield, T., & Birtles, A. (1996). Indigenous peoples’ cultural opportunity spectrum for tourism (IPCOST). In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous peoples (pp. 396434). London: Thomson International Business Press.Google Scholar
Sofield, T.H.B. (1996). Anuha Island Resort, Solomon Islands: A case study of failure. In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous peoples (pp. 176202). London: International Thomson Business Press.Google Scholar
Swain, M.B. (1977). Kuna women and ethnic tourism: A way to persist and an avenue to change. In Smith, V. (Ed.), Hosts and guests: The anthropology of tourism (pp. 7182). Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Swain, M.B., & Hall, D. (2007). Gender analysis in tourism: Personal and global dialectics. In Ateljevic, I., Pritchard, A. & Morgan, N. (Eds.), The critical turn in tourism studies: Innovative research methodologies (pp. 91104). Oxford: Elsevier.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tuhiwai Smith, L. (1999). Decolonizing methodologies: Research and Indigenous peoples. Dunedin, New Zealand: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Wall, G., & Long, V. (1996). Balinese homestays: An Indigenous response to tourism opportunities. In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous peoples (pp. 2748). London: International Thomson Business Press.Google Scholar
Weaver, D. (2010). Indigenous tourism stages and their implications for sustainability. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18 (1), 4360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whittaker, E. (1999). Indigenous tourism: Reclaiming knowledge, culture and intellectual property in Australia. In Robinson, M. & Boniface, P. (Eds.), Tourism and cultural conflicts (pp. 3345). Oxon, UK: CABI.Google Scholar
Williams, P.W., & O'Neil, B. (2007). Building a triangulated research foundation for indigenous tourism in BC, Canada. In Butler, R. & Hinch, T. (Eds.), Tourism and Indigenous peoples: Issues and implications (pp. 4057). Oxford: Elsevier.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, E., & Hollinshead, K. (2011, February). Tourism studies and the ‘soft science’ emporium: Opportunities in emergent qualitative approaches. Working paper presented at the 21st Annual Conference, Council for Australian University Tourism and Hospitality Education (CAUTHE), Adelaide: CAUTHE/School of Management, University of South Australia.Google Scholar
Wilson, S. (2003). Research is a ceremony: Articulating an indigenous research paradigm (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Monash University, Melbourne.Google Scholar
Zeppel, H. (1998a). Aboriginal tourism in Australia: A research bibliography. Gold Coast, Australia: CRC for Sustainable Tourism.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zeppel, H. (1998b). Selling the dreamtime: Aboriginal culture in Australian tourism. In Rowe, D. & Lawrence, G. (Eds.), Tourism, leisure, sport: critical perspectives (pp. 2339). Rydalmere, NSW, Australia: Hodder Education.Google Scholar
Zeppel, H. (2001). Aboriginal cultures and Indigenous tourism. In Douglas, N., Douglas, N., & Derrett, R. (Eds.), Special interest tourism (pp. 232259). Brisbane, Australia: Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Zeppel, H. (2007). Indigenous tourism. In Dredge, D. & Jenkins, J. (Eds.), Tourism planning and policy (pp. 403441). Milton, Australia: Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar