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Visco-plastic models of isothermal lava domes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2000

N. J. BALMFORTH ,
A. S. BURBIDGE ,
R. V. CRASTER ,
J. SALZIG  and
A. SHEN
N. J. BALMFORTH
Affiliation:
Instituto di Cosmogeofisica, C. Fiume 4, 10133 Torino, Italy
A. S. BURBIDGE
Affiliation:
School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
R. V. CRASTER
Affiliation:
Department of Mathematics, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London, SW7 2BZ, UK
J. SALZIG
Affiliation:
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA
A. SHEN
Affiliation:
Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801-2935, USA
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Abstract

The dynamics of expanding domes of isothermal lava are studied by treating the lava as a viscoplastic material with the Herschel–Bulkley constitutive law. Thin-layer theory is developed for radially symmetric extrusions onto horizontal plates. This provides an evolution equation for the thickness of the fluid that can be used to model expanding isothermal lava domes. Numerical and analytical solutions are derived that explore the effects of yield stress, shear thinning and basal sliding on the dome evolution. The results are briefly compared with an experimental study. It is found that it is difficult to unravel the combined effects of shear thinning and yield stress; this may prove important to studies that attempt to infer yield stress from morphology of flowing lava.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 403 , 25 January 2000 , pp. 37 - 65
Copyright
© 2000 Cambridge University Press

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