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Turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection in non-colloidal suspensions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2022

Andreas D. Demou Open the ORCID record for Andreas D. Demou [Opens in a new window] ,
Mehdi Niazi Ardekani Open the ORCID record for Mehdi Niazi Ardekani [Opens in a new window] ,
Parisa Mirbod Open the ORCID record for Parisa Mirbod [Opens in a new window]  and
Luca Brandt Open the ORCID record for Luca Brandt [Opens in a new window]
Andreas D. Demou*
Affiliation:
Computation-based Science and Technology Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, 20 Kavafi Street, Nicosia 2121, Cyprus
Mehdi Niazi Ardekani
Affiliation:
FLOW, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
Parisa Mirbod
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
Luca Brandt
Affiliation:
FLOW, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

This study presents direct numerical simulations of turbulent Rayleigh–Bénard convection in non-colloidal suspensions, with special focus on the heat transfer modifications in the flow. Adopting a Rayleigh number of $10^8$ and Prandtl number of 7, parametric investigations of the particle volume fraction $0\leq \varPhi \leq 40\,\%$ and particle diameter $1/20\leq d^*_p\leq 1/10$ with respect to the cavity height, are carried out. The particles are neutrally buoyant, rigid spheres with physical properties that match the fluid phase. Up to $\varPhi =25\,\%$, the Nusselt number increases weakly but steadily, mainly due to the increased thermal agitation that overcomes the decreased kinetic energy of the flow. Beyond $\varPhi =30\,\%$, the Nusselt number exhibits a substantial drop, down to approximately 1/3 of the single-phase value. This decrease is attributed to the dense particle layering in the near-wall region, confirmed by the time-averaged local volume fraction. The dense particle layer reduces the convection in the near-wall region and negates the formation of any coherent structures within one particle diameter from the wall. Significant differences between $\varPhi \leq 30\,\%$ and 40 % are observed in all statistical quantities, including heat transfer and turbulent kinetic energy budgets, and two-point correlations. Special attention is also given to the role of particle rotation, which is shown to contribute to maintaining high heat transfer rates in moderate volume fractions. Furthermore, decreasing the particle size promotes the particle layering next to the wall, inducing a similar heat transfer reduction as in the highest particle volume fraction case.

JFM classification

Complex Fluids: Suspensions Convection: Plumes/thermals
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 945 , 25 August 2022 , A6
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press

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