Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T22:21:05.853Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Some aspects of fully developed turbulent flow in non-circular ducts

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 March 2006

S. C. Kacker
S. C. Kacker
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An experimental study of fully developed uniform-density turbulent flow in a circular pipe containing one or two rods located off-centre is described. The friction factor in both cases was found to be approximately 5 % higher than the simple pipe friction factor. The shear stress distribution on the rod surface was determined using calibrated boundary-layer fences. The normalized shear stress distributions were independent of Reynolds number in the range 3·7 × 104 to 2·15 × 105. Mean-velocity measurements were obtained to check the validity of the universal law of the wall near the rod surface. Secondary-flow velocities were measured by a hot-wire anemometer and integrated to yield the secondary-flow stream function. Secondary-flow velocities of the order of 1 % of the mean velocity were observed. In the gap between the two pins, however, the secondary-flow velocities were only ½% of the mean velocity. It is demonstrated that the secondary flow cannot be neglected if a force balance is used to determine the shear stress distribution on the rod surface.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 57 , Issue 3 , 20 February 1973 , pp. 583 - 602
Copyright
© 1973 Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bradshaw, P. & Gregory, N. 1959 Aero. Res. Counc R. & M. no. 3203.
Brundrett, E. & Baines, W. D. 1964 J. Fluid Mech. 10, 375.
Clauser, F. H. 1956 The turbulent boundary layer. In Advances in Applied Mechanics, vol. IV. Academic.
Gadd, G. E. 1960 Aero. Res. Counc. R. & M. no. 3147.
Gessner, F. B. & Jones, J. B. 1965 J. Fluid Mech. 23, 689.
Hoagland, L. C. 1960 Sc.D. thesis, M.I.T.
Hollingsworth, P. D. 1967 C.E.G.B. Rep. RD/B/N892.
Hool, J. N. 1956 Aircraft Engng, 28, 52.
Jonsson, V. K. & Sparrow, E. M. 1966 J. Fluid Mech. 25, 65.
Kacker, S. C. 1971 C.E.G.B. Rep. RD/B/N2117.
Lawn, C. J. 1970 C.E.G.B. Rep. RD/B/R1575(A).
Lawn, C. J. & Elliott, C. J. 1972 J. Mech. Engng Sci. 14, 195.
Leutheusser, H. J. 1963 J. Hydraulic Div. Proc. A.S.C.E. 89, 3508.
Macmillan, F. A. 1956 Ministry of Supply, Aero. Res. Counc. Rep. no. 3028.
Patel, V. C. 1965 J. Fluid Mech. 23, 185.
Rao, G. N. V. 1967 J. Appl. Mech., Trans. A.S.M.E. 34, 237.
Skinner, V. R., Freeman, A. R. & Lyall, H. G. 1969 Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 12, 265.
Starr, J. B. & Sparrow, E. M. 1967 J. Fluid Mech. 29, 495.
Trilling, L. & Hakkinen, R. J. 1955 Jare Grenzschichorschunq, p. 201. Braunschweig, Friedr, Vieweg.
Ying, W. M. 1971 PhD. thesis, Imperial College, London.