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Shocks in sand flowing in a silo

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2002

AZADEH SAMADANI ,
L. MAHADEVAN  and
A. KUDROLLI
AZADEH SAMADANI
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
L. MAHADEVAN
Affiliation:
Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB3 9EW, UK
A. KUDROLLI
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA
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Abstract

We study the formation of shocks on the surface of a granular material draining through an orifice at the bottom of a quasi-two-dimensional silo. At high flow rates, the surface is observed to deviate strongly from a smooth linear inclined profile, giving way to a sharp discontinuity in the height of the surface near the bottom of the incline, the typical response of a choking flow such as encountered in a hydraulic jump in a Newtonian fluid like water. We present experimental results that characterize the conditions for the existence of such a jump, describe its structure and give an explanation for its occurrence.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 452 , 10 February 2002 , pp. 293 - 301
Copyright
© 2002 Cambridge University Press

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