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Spreading and sedimentation from bottom-propagating particle-bearing jets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 November 2020

Mohnish Kapil Open the ORCID record for Mohnish Kapil [Opens in a new window] ,
Bruce R. Sutherland Open the ORCID record for Bruce R. Sutherland [Opens in a new window]  and
Sridhar Balasubramanian Open the ORCID record for Sridhar Balasubramanian [Opens in a new window]
Mohnish Kapil
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, MH400076, India
Bruce R. Sutherland*
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, ABT6G 2E1, Canada Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, ABT6G 2E3, Canada
Sridhar Balasubramanian*
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, MH400076, India IDP in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, MH400076, India
*
†Email addresses for correspondence: [email protected], [email protected]
†Email addresses for correspondence: [email protected], [email protected]
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Abstract

Laboratory experiments are conducted to examine the evolution of and sedimentation from a particle-bearing jet advancing along a horizontal or downward-sloping boundary underlying a uniform-density ambient fluid. The jet front advances along the bottom while exhibiting a self-similar profile. As the jet propagates downstream, particles settle out, resulting in a teardrop-shaped sediment bed whose geometric parameters are measured non-intrusively using a light attenuation technique. The bed shape is well represented by the theory that assumes a Gaussian radial profile of velocity within the jet and accounts for the bedload transport of particles after they settle. In particular, the bed length is given by $l_0 = (1.8 \pm 0.4) [M_0/(g^\prime d_p)]^{1/2}$, in which $M_0$ is the source momentum flux, $g^\prime$ is the reduced gravity of the particles and $d_p$ is the particle diameter. The corresponding scale for the sediment depth captures the anticipated order of magnitude for the maximum depth of deposit, but the measurements indicate additional dependence upon $M_0$, suggesting that the morphology of the bed non-negligibly influences particle settling.

JFM classification

Wakes/Jets: Jets Geophysical and Geological Flows: Sediment transport Multiphase and Particle-laden Flows: Particle/fluid flow
Type
JFM Papers
Information
Journal of Fluid Mechanics , Volume 907 , 25 January 2021 , A20
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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