The COVID-19 pandemic has required many clinical and translational scientists and staff to work remotely to prevent the spread of the virus. To understand the impact on research programs, we assessed barriers to remote work and strategies implemented to support virtual engagement and productivity. A mixed-methods RedCap survey querying the remote work experience was emailed to Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (CCTSI) scientists and staff in April 2020. Descriptive analyses, Fisher’s Exact tests, and content analysis were conducted. Respondents (n = 322) were primarily female (n = 240; 75%), 21–73 years old (mean = 42 years) with a PhD (n = 139; 44%) or MD (n = 56; 55%). Prior to COVID-19, 77% (n = 246) never or rarely (0–1 day a week) worked remotely. Remote work somewhat or greatly interfered with 76% (n = 244) of researchers’ programs and 71% (n = 231) reported slowing or stopping their research. Common barriers included missing interactions with colleagues (n = 198; 62%) and the absence of routines (n = 137; 43%). Strategies included videoconferencing (n = 283; 88%), altering timelines and expectations (n = 180; 56%). Scientists and staff experienced interference with their research when they shifted to remote work, causing many to slow or stop research programs. Methods to enhance communication and relationships, support productivity, and collectively cope during remote work are available.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This study will be the first to explore the relationship between preeclampsia and breast cancer risk using the largest cohort of Black women in the US, and it will guide future research and potentially inform clinical practice to reduce breast cancer disparities in this population. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Black women are disproportionately impacted by preeclampsia. This disorder induces hormonal changes that may contribute to diseases such as breast cancer. However, there is a lack of clear data on the relationship between preeclampsia and breast cancer, and few previous studies included Black women. This study will work to fill this knowledge gap. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We prospectively assessed the association between preeclampsia during pregnancy and risk of breast cancer in 43,040 parous women in the Black Women’s Health Study, a nationwide cohort of Black women who were ages 21 -69 at enrollment in 1995. Through 2017, we confirmed 1,968 incident diagnoses of invasive breast cancer. Approximately 6% of parous women reported a diagnosis of preeclampsia; characteristics of the population at baseline are shown in Table 1. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for risk of breast cancer overall. We used age as the time scale and adjusted for breast cancer risk factors including parity, age at first birth, age at menarche, and body mass index (BMI) at age 18. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: : Compared to parous women without a history of preeclampsia, women with a history of preeclampsia in any pregnancy were not at an increased risk of breast cancer overall (HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.81, 1.18). These preliminary results suggest that history of preeclampsia is not an important risk factor for breast cancer overall in Black women. Our analyses are ongoing to evaluate whether the association may vary by estrogen receptor status or within subgroups of the population defined by age, menopausal status, BMI, and time since last pregnancy. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Findings from this study will provide unprecedented knowledge on the association between hypertensive diseases during pregnancy and incidence of breast cancer in the largest cohort of Black women in the U.S.

Translational scientists create, advance, and translate knowledge as a result of research, learning, and application. Translational teams are composed of dynamic and diverse interprofessional and cross-disciplinary members that generate new knowledge to address a shared translational objective. The objective involves advancing an interventional product, behavioral intervention, or evidence-based approach to improve human health. This paper focuses on identifying individual and team competencies using a modified Delphi method to reach a consensus on the competencies needed by translational teams (TTs).

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Identifying differential COVID-19 progression across the disease continuum may help policymakers and service providers better identify or predict gaps in services and resources and develop precision strategies to support COVID-19 patients where the need is mostly needed. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Single institution studies have documented COVID-19 disproportionally affected US racial and ethnic minority groups compared to Whites. However, few population-wide data studied severity and death in multiracial populations. We aim to examine the current disparity in the COVID-19 continuum, including hospitalizations, severity, and death. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Data on 67,094 laboratory documented COVID-19 cases nested from the state-wide ‘OneFlorida’ research consortium through August 3, 2020, were assessed to decide differences and disparities in COVID-19 outcomes. A COVID-19 outcome continuum outlining the proportions of cases transitioning from diagnosis to death was constructed (Figure 1). OneFlorida partners provide health care to more than 40% of Floridians in the nation’s third-largest and very diverse state. OneFlorida partners encompass hospitals, practice/clinic settings, and physicians, which provide care for 15 million patients across all of Florida’s 67 counties. It is part of the Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Among cases, 25,443 (37.9%) were non-Hispanic Whites, 11,709 (17.5%) were non-Hispanic Blacks, and 16,119 (24.0%) were Hispanics. Among COVID-19 patients, Blacks and Hispanics had a higher frequency of emergency department (ED) visits (45.7% and 46.0%, respectively), whereas admission rates were higher in Blacks (15.6%) and Whites (15.9%) than in Hispanics (11.5%). Blacks had the highest rates of intubation (3.6%) and in-hospital deaths (2.7%) compared to Whites (2.5% and 2.3%, respectively) and Hispanics (1.3% and 1.4%, respectively), Figure 1. When rates were indexed to the state census data, Blacks had the worst rates across the disease continuum (infection to death). In comparison, Hispanics had higher rates of ED visits but lower rates of intubation and death, Table 1. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Outcomes continuum is a useful tool at an individual-level to assess care outcomes and at population-level as a framework to analyze the proportion of population with COVID-19 that progress to each successive disease stage. This will help policymakers to better identify gaps in services and develop precision strategies to support COVID-19 patients.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This study will help to characterize the root causes of racial and ethnic disparities in viral respiratory outbreaks and determine the extent to which this is unique to the COVID-19 pandemic, so that preventative interventions can be designed for future pandemics and epidemics. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The causes of racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 clinical outcomes are multifactorial but include social inequity driven by structural racism. This study seeks to characterize the patterns of these disparities by linking patient-level EHR data with population-level sociodemographic measures. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This retrospective review of adult patients tested for SARS-CoV-2 in the UCHealth System will compare rates of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, in-hospital mortality and 30-day mortality across racial and ethnic groups. Race and ethnicity are determined by patient self-report in the EHR. Univariable and multivariable regression analyses will be used to assess the association of these outcomes with sociodemographic factors. Potential confounders that will be adjusted for include Charlson Co-morbidity Index, disease severity and likelihood of readmission. Using chi-square tests, we will assess differences in the race/ethnicity distributions between this cohort and those from the 2009 H1N1 Pandemic and the 2018-19 influenza season. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Of the first 459 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in March and April 2020, race/ethnicity were: 194 Hispanic (42.3%), 104 non-Hispanic Black (22.6%), 83 non-Hispanic white (18.1%), 43 Asian (9.4%), and 35 other or unknown race (7.6%). There were significant differences in the race/ethnicity distribution compared to the cohort of patients hospitalized for viral respiratory infection during the 2018-19 influenza season (n=254, p <0.001): 58 Hispanic (22.8%), 52 non-Hispanic black (20.4%), 116 non-Hispanic white (45.7%), 15 Asian (6%), and 13 other or unknown race (5.1%). Our anticipated results include further adjusted analyses and comparisons to the 2009 pandemic. We will compare COVID-19 prevalence and outcomes by race/ethnicity with other viral infection outbreaks, adjusting for confounders. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Initial hospitalizations for COVID-19 at our institution are notable for a high proportion of Hispanic patients and smaller proportion of non-Hispanic whites, in contrast to the prior year. Our study will demonstrate the extent to which racial and ethnic disparities are typical in viral respiratory outbreaks, which can guide future interventions.

Representation of under-represented minority (URM) faculty in the health sciences disciplines is persistently low relative to both national and student population demographics. Although some progress has been made through nationally funded pipeline development programs, demographic disparities in the various health sciences disciplines remain. As such the development of innovative interventions to help URM faculty and students overcome barriers to advancement remains a national priority. To date, the majority of pipeline development programs have focused on academic readiness, mentorship, and professional development. However, insights from the social sciences literature related to “extra-academic” (e.g., racism) barriers to URM persistence in higher education suggest the limitations of efforts exclusively focused on cognitively mediated endpoints. The purpose of this article is to synthesize findings from the social sciences literature that can inform the enhancement of URM pipeline development programs. Specifically, we highlight research related to the social, emotional, and contextual correlates of URM success in higher education including reducing social isolation, increasing engagement with research, bolstering persistence, enhancing mentoring models, and creating institutional change. Supporting URM’s success in the health sciences has implications for the development of a workforce with the capacity to understand and intervene on the drivers of health inequalities.

Academic Medical Centers strive to create multidisciplinary research teams to produce impactful science. However, few faculty researchers receive training in “team science,” a well-established concept in business research and practice. Responding to demand for assistance developing effective research teams, the Collaboration and Team Science Program of the Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) at Wake Forest School of Medicine (WFSM) partnered with faculty from the Wake Forest University (WFU) School of Business with expertise in leadership, management, and team building. We initiated a needs assessment, including a written survey from a diverse set of 42 research scientists as well as semi-structured interviews with 8 researchers. In response to identified needs, we developed training sessions and consultations to teach teams to implement two tools known to enhance team dynamics: (1) Team charter, a document that defines the team’s purpose, goals, roles, and strategies; and (2) Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed (RACI) matrix, a table or spreadsheet that clarifies tasks and accountability. Since 2018, 10 teams and over 100 individuals have attended training sessions and 6 teams received personalized team consults. We describe these tools, present a formal analysis of quantitative results, and highlight the next steps being taken in response to these findings.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Antibiotic stewardship guidelines should consider the barriers clinicians in low- and middle-income countries face due to limited biomarkers for determining the etiologic pathogen for viral infections like respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) that have a similar presentation to bacterial infections. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: We aimed to evaluate antibiotic administration practices in children who were hospitalized at a government-run hospital in Amman, Jordan, where point-of-care testing is limited. We hypothesized those with RSV are more likely to be administered antibiotics during their hospitalization than children without RSV. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We conducted a cross-sectional cohort study in Jordanian children hospitalized with history of acute respiratory symptoms and/or fever from 2010 to 2013. Admitting diagnoses were dichotomized into suspected viral- (e.g., bronchiolitis) and bacterial-like infection (e.g., sepsis, pneumonia). Stratifying by sex, we performed a polytomous logistic regression adjusting for age, underlying medical condition, maternal education, and region of residence to estimate prevalence odds ratios (PORs) and 95% confidence intervals for macrolides, broad-, and narrow-spectrum antibiotics during hospitalization. Sensitivity and specificity of admission diagnoses and laboratory results were compared. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Children with a suspected viral-like admission diagnosis, compared to those with suspected bacterial-like, were 89% less likely to be administered a narrow-spectrum antibiotic (POR: 0.11; p<0.001). There were slight differences by sex with males having a lower prevalence than females of narrow-spectrum or broad-spectrum antibiotic administration; but they had a higher prevalence of macrolide administration. Overall, children with RSV had a 30% probability (sensitivity) of being assigned to a suspected viral infection; whereas RSV-negative children had an 85% probability (specificity) of being assigned to a suspected bacterial infection. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Children with a suspected viral-like infection were less likely to receive an antibiotic; however, when evaluating the accuracy of admission diagnosis to RSV-laboratory results there were considerable misclassifications. These results highlight the need for developing antibiotic interventions for Jordan and the rest of the Middle East.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: This work seeks to improve the diagnostic accuracy of urinary tract infection among hospitalized older adults and mitigate antibiotic overuse in this population. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Primary objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of serum procalcitonin (PCT) for the diagnosis of symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in hospitalized older adults. Secondary objectives: (1) To develop a predictive model for the diagnosis of UTI; (2) To determine the ability of PCT in discriminating between lower and upper UTI. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: We performed a prospective observational cohort study of 228 participants from a single institution. The study population included older adults (age 65 or older) who were hospitalized on the general medicine wards with a possible or suspected urinary tract infection (UTI). Upon obtaining informed consent, serum procalcitonin (PCT) was processed on remnant blood samples collected from the emergency department. We performed additional data collection through the electronic health record to obtain demographic information, clinical characteristics, and other laboratory and imaging results. Clinicians were surveyed for the diagnosis of UTI and charts were adjudicated by independent reviews of the medical record by infectious diseases experts to determine the primary endpoint of symptomatic UTI. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate that serum procalcitonin predicts the presence of symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) by demonstrating an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of at least 0.85. A predictive model developed in our cohort for the diagnosis of symptomatic UTI will be improved by the addition of serum PCT to the prediction model. Finally, we anticipate the serum PCT will accurately discriminate between upper and lower UTI. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Diagnosis of symptomatic UTI in hospitalized older adults is challenging and may lead to overuse of antibiotics and the development of antibiotic resistance in this vulnerable patient population. Serum procalcitonin offers a novel diagnostic strategy in the diagnosis of symptomatic UTI to enable more appropriate antibiotic therapy.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Younger patients receiving biologics for rheumatoid arthritis have higher medical expenditure. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: TNF inhibiting biologic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs are among the most highly regarded treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed at evaluating the medical and prescription costs associated with monoclonal antibody use vs. other RA treatment options in subjects diagnosed with RA. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Records from the Medical Panels Expenditure Survey (MEPS) database made available by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality were used to identify all RA subjects (n=_____). Demographics and MEPS-provided flags for RA were abstracted from the medical condition files for all the subjects surveyed (2008-2018). Prescribed biologics were identified based on generic and brand names following a manual review to detect any misspellings. Total medical expenses and prescription expenses were abstracted for all identified RA subjects. Subject were surveyed for two consecutive years, thus expenses were assessed for each of the two surveyed years. Costs were adjusted for inflation and expressed in 2018 dollars. The relationship between biologics use, cost and age or gender was evaluated by Fisher’s exact test. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Most RA subjects did not use biologics. RA was more prevalent in women than in men with no significant correlation between sex and the use of biologics in year 1, year 2, or the combined years (p=.44, p=.63, and p=.65, respectively). Biologics users were found to be significantly younger (p<.001), with a mean of 52.8 years compared to 59 years in those who did not use biologics. The 95% confidence interval was 3.7 to 8.6 years younger than non-users. Total medical and prescription costs were higher for biologics users (p<.001) in all analyses. The mean prescription cost difference was $24,038 more per year for biologics users, and $26,296 more total medical expenses, CI $20,502-$27,230 and CI $21,947-$30,646, respectively. There was a trend for biologics users to have higher non-prescription medical expenses (p=.05). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Interestingly, biologics non-users had some extreme outliers with expenses far higher than any biologics users, possibly due to poorly controlled RA due to age and/or comorbidities. Yet, our most interesting findings are the higher use of biologics among younger RA subjects and the elevated costs of care being driven mainly by prescriptions cost.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: The car telemetry system may be an ideal method to accurately and reliably evaluate and compare at-risk driving errors between older drivers with and without glaucoma. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Our project aims to determine whether an in-car telemetry system used during an on-road driving evaluation can accurately and reliably evaluate driving errors in lane maintenance and visual scanning and objectively quantify the frequency and severity of these errors in glaucoma patients. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This is a single center, cross-sectional study of 180 participants (125 with glaucoma and 55 controls), ages 55 or older, who underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment, including vision, cognition, motor function, followed by an on-road evaluation by a trained occupational therapist. Driving errors were recorded through a dual method including: 1. An in-car trained occupational therapist 2. In-car telemetry system. The frequency and severity of errors in lane maintenance and visual scanning from the in-car telemetry will be assessed and compared between participants with varying severity of glaucoma and normal controls. In addition, we will compare the frequency and severity of errors in lane maintenance and visual scanning to those recorded by the in-car driving evaluator. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: We anticipate (or predict) that the in- car telemetry system will be able to detect frequency and severity of driving errors in lane maintenance and visual scanning in glaucoma participants. We also predict that participants with worsening glaucoma severity will commit more driving errors. In addition, the in-car telemetry will detect a similar frequency and severity of driving errors as the in-car driving evaluator. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: The type and frequency of vision-related driving errors that place individuals at risk for a car accident is not well known. Without this critical information, it is extremely challenging to help older adults with glaucoma to be safe drivers.

Health systems currently underutilize systematic reviews. Here, we describe a proof of concept project designed to augment the standard systematic review process by presenting qualitative information as a companion to a review on deprescribing interventions. We conducted a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with Veterans Health Administration clinicians and Veterans to describe first-hand experiences of engaging in the deprescribing process. Qualitative findings were incorporated into an interactive, web-based product designed to supplement the systematic review report. Preliminary evaluation suggests that integration of narratives as a companion to systematic reviews is of interest to frontline clinicians, researchers, and health system administrators.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: The impact of this study is that the results may lead to the development of effective educational programs and a comprehensive cancer control program while verifying patients and medical care providers adherence and compliance with cancer clinical guidelines. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: The objective of this study is to assess risk factors, preventive measures, and screening practices for human papilloma virus (HPV) associated cancers in a sub-population in Central-Eastern Puerto Rico (PR). METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This is a sub-analysis from an annual descriptive cross-sectional questionnaire of risk factors, preventive measures, and screening practices for cancer in PR administered at a private hospital campus using a convenience sample of healthy and non-healthy adults. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Out of 345 enrolled subjects in 2019 for the questionnaire, 67 were enrolled by the first author, from which 66 (19%) subjects qualified for this sub-analysis for completing the study: 79% females. When analyzing HPV risk factors, 5% of the participants were smokers. Eleven percent of the subjects received the preventive HPV vaccine. Among those non-vaccinated and eligible for vaccination, 95% were willing to get it. Seventy one percent of females 21-29 years old and 97% of 30-65 years olds had age-appropriate cervical cancer screening. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Despite the low prevalence of HPV vaccination, almost all of the subjects within the age range for HPV vaccination were willing to get it. Also, there was a lower prevalence of cervical cancer screening in females 21-29 years old when compared with 30-45 years old. In conclusion, there is a need for more education about HPV associated cancers and vaccine.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Melatonin use could alleviate virus-induced respiratory illnesses. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Melatonin was identified as a potential repurposable drug in the fight against SARS Cov-2. Its ability to attenuate some virus inoculation effects raises the question whether melatonin use could alleviate virus-induced respiratory illness. Here we evaluated the occurrence of respiratory conditions in melatonin users and non-users surveyed. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Records from the Medical Panels Expenditure Survey (MEPS) database made available by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality were used to evaluate whether melatonin may be associated with reduced viral respiratory disease burden. First, all subjects reporting melatonin use (1996-2017) were collected along with records for all subjects reporting respiratory diseases as identified by consolidated ICD-9/10 codes. Second, all diagnosis codes were retrieved for all individuals identified in the first step. In total there were 201,490 occurrences of the specified conditions among 180,468 unique individuals. The relative risk of specific respiratory disease occurrence was computed for melatonin users and non-users. Population estimates for melatonin use were also determined. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Among 221 melatonin users, 132 had at least one respiratory illness. Among the 180,468 total subjects reporting at least one respiratory condition, melatonin use was associated with a lower rate of the common cold, pharyngitis, strep throat, scarlet fever, and sinusitis. Furthermore, melatonin was associated with a significantly reduced risk of common cold (RR 0.760, CI 0.587-0.985) and sinusitis (RR 0.407, CI 0.186-0.890). Due to low subject counts, the reduced risk observed for scarlet fever and strep throat was not considered significant. Melatonin users had a higher relative risk of allergic rhinitis (RR 1.393, CI 1.043-1.862) and asthma (RR 2.166, CI 1.672-2.806), probably due to melatonin active prescribing in these patients as sleep aid. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Although melatonin showed a lower relative risk of certain viral respiratory conditions, the low melatonin user numbers and their heterogeneous distribution over the time interval led to highly variable population estimates. Yet, our data suggests that melatonin may alleviate viral respiratory illness and deserves further investigation.

The success rate for translation of newly engineered medical technologies into clinical practice is low. Traversing the “translational valleys of death” requires a high level of knowledge of the complex landscape of technical, ethical, regulatory, and commercialization challenges along a multi-agency path of approvals. The Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute developed a program targeted at increasing that success rate through comprehensive training, education, and resourcing. The Medical Technology Advance Program (MTAP) provides technical, educational, and consultative assistance to investigators that leverages partnerships with experts in the health products industry to speed progress toward clinical implementation. The training, resourcing, and guidance are integrated through the entire journey of medical technology translation. Investigators are supported through a set of courses that cover bioethics, ethical engineering, preclinical and clinical study design, regulatory submissions, entrepreneurship, and commercialization. In addition to the integrated technical and educational resources, program experts provide direct consultation for planning each phase along the life cycle of translation. Since 2008, nearly 200 investigators have gained assistance from MTAP resulting in over 100 publications and patents. This support via medicine–engineering–industry partnership provides a unique and novel opportunity to expedite new medical technologies into clinical and product implementation.

The rate at which the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spread required a rapid response across many, if not all, industries. Academic medical centers had to rapidly evaluate, prioritize, and coordinate the multiple requests for clinical trial participation. This involved redirecting resources and developing a collaborative system for assessment, decision making, and implementation. Our institution formed a team with diverse representation from multiple stakeholders to review and prioritize all research protocols related to COVID-19. To accomplish this, a prioritization matrix was developed to help determine the order in which the protocols should be placed for consideration by the treating clinician. The purpose of the team was to review the COVID-19 clinical trials in the pipeline, prioritize those trials that best met the needs of our patients, oversee training and resource needs, and lead the formulation of procedures for integration with clinical care. Resources from the Clinical Research Unit were then allocated to support the swift execution of such studies. This manuscript describes that process, the challenges encountered, and the lessons learned on how to make all clinical trials more successful in a complex and dynamic environment.

ABSTRACT IMPACT: Despite their clinical benefits reported in patients with Parkinson’s, statin use is not associated with cost savings. OBJECTIVES/GOALS: Statins have unique lipid-lowering, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant benefits. Their pleiotropic benefits were shown to decrease risk of occurrene and progression of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In this study we explored whether or not statin use reflects medical or prescription cost savings. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Records from the Medical Panels Expenditure Survey (MEPS) database made available by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality were used to identify all PD subjects (n=613). Demographics and PD ICD9/10 codes, 332/G20, were abstracted from the medical condition files for all the subjects (1996-2018). Prescribed cholesterol drugs were identified based on generic and brand names following a manual review to detect any misspellings. Total medical expenses and prescription expenses were abstracted for all identified PD subjects. Subject were surveyed for two consecutive years, thus expenses were assessed for each of the two surveyed years. Costs were adjusted for inflation and expressed in 2018 dollars. The relationship between cholesterol drug use, cost and age or gender was evaluated by Fisher’s exact test. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Out of the 613 PD subjects identified, 421 received no cholesterol management, 15 received non-statins, 153 received a statin and 24 received a statin-based combo therapy. While the medical expenses in the general population receiving a statin are roughly three times higher than non-statin users, no significant cost difference was noticed between PD subjects receiving or not statins. However, after adjusting for age and gender, receiving statin vs. non-statin vs combo vs none was significantly associated with total expense (p=0.017) suggesting that cholesterol management decision may play a significant role. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF FINDINGS: Selection of specific cholesterol treatment may play a considerable role in the overall PD expenditure. Duration of statin treatment and type of statin are expected to play a role.