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Variation in yield, N uptake and N use efficiency of medium and late duration rice varieties

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2006

DILLIP KUMAR SWAIN
Affiliation:
Environment and Sustainable Development, United Nations University, 53–70 Jingumae, 5-Chome, Shibuya-Ku, Tokyo-1508925, Japan
BURLA CHANDRA BHASKAR
Affiliation:
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
PRAMILA KRISHNAN
Affiliation:
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
KURKURI SRINIVASA RAO
Affiliation:
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
SANGRAM KESHARI NAYAK
Affiliation:
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India
RABINDRA NATH DASH
Affiliation:
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753 006, India

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted at the village Kasiadihi, Dhenkanal district, Orissa, India during wet seasons 2001, 2002 and 2003 under non water-stressed conditions (0–25 cm standing water) to assess variability in N uptake and utilization by medium and late duration rice varieties. The N rates were 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N/ha applied as urea in four equal splits at transplanting, active tiller initiation, panicle initiation and flowering stages. The grain yield response was up to 80 kg N/ha. The optimum grain yield attainable by the efficient medium duration varieties was 4·5 t/ha. The N efficient late duration varieties produced optimum grain yield of 5·8 t/ha. The relationship for total dry matter and grain yield production between N fertilized (40, 80 and 120 kg N/ha) and non-fertilized treatments were all significant, suggesting cultivar selection under optimum N fertilized conditions. The difference in optimum yield of the medium and late duration varieties was due to the differences in the amount of N uptake and its use efficiency by the plant for grain production. There was a curvilinear relationship between grain yield and N use efficiency for grain production. The relationship between N use efficiency for grain production and N contents of leaf, stem and grain at maturity was quadratic. The optimum plant N use efficiency of medium duration varieties was 49 kg grain/kg N uptake, achieved with leaf, stem and grain N contents of 10, 8 and 14 g/kg, respectively, at maturity. For late duration varieties, the optimum plant N use efficiency was 68 kg grain/kg N uptake and it was maintained with leaf and stem N content of 4·0 g/kg each and grain N content of 9·0 g/kg at maturity. The N content in plant organs could be the selection guide used to obtain efficient rice varieties.

Type
Crops and Soils
Copyright
2006 Cambridge University Press

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