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COSA È «COMPETIZIONE» IN POLITICA E COME VA STUDIATA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 July 2018

Stefano Bartolini

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I termini «competizione politica», «elettorale» o «partitica» figurano nei titoli e nei testi di ricerca politica con crescente frequenza, ma con significati molto diversi. Per lo più, il termine è generico e si riferisce all'intero processo elettorale e parlamentare. Nei modelli formali esso indica le strategic dei partiti nei quadro ristretto di assunti sulle motivazioni, preferenze e informazioni. Nella letteratura sulla teoria democratica la competizione politica figura sovente come caratteristica essenziale, quando non definitoria, della democrazia stessa. In questo articolo voglio chiarire il senso dell'applicazione alla politica della categoria «competizione» partendo da cinque considerazioni critiche.

Summary

Summary

The main point of this paper is that competition in politics rests on non-competitive preconditions which set the capsule within which it can take place and without which it easily converts into other, differing social relationships: for instance into utterly unregulated conflict or into strong collusive closure of the political class. The paper is a step toward the building of a theory of political competition which is empirical and comparative. To do so one must depart both from formal theory and from descriptive application. A framework needs to be developed which: 1) identifies the main empirical conditions of competition, 2) combines them in different structures of competitive interaction, 3) allows an evaluation of their performance in terms of which goals and values of democracy are achieved and which are sacrificed by different structures.

Type
Saggi
Information
Italian Political Science Review / Rivista Italiana di Scienza Politica , Volume 26 , Issue 2 , August 1996 , pp. 209 - 267
Copyright
Copyright © Societ Italiana di Scienza Politica 

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