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The International Atomic Energy Agency: The First Phase

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 May 2009

John G. Stoessinger
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Extract

The objectives of the founders of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) reflected the dual nature of atomic power: it was the embodiment of both the highest hopes and the deepest fears of mankind. First, the Agency's developmental responsibility was to accelerate the contribution of atomic energy to peace, health, and prosperity throughout the world. Second and equally important was to be the Agency's control function: to create a reliable system of safeguards against diversion of fissionable material to military uses in order that the broadening of the peaceful applications of atomic energy should not increase the danger of strengthening the military potential of nations. Within this broad framework, the Agency was to plan and carry out specific projects and activities. This responsibility was largely to be a function of the Board of Governors, whose establishment was an immediate necessity if IAEA was to begin operations.

Type
Articles
Information
International Organization , Volume 13 , Issue 3 , Summer 1959 , pp. 394 - 411
Copyright
Copyright © The IO Foundation 1959

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References

1 First Annual Report of the Board of Governors to the General Conference, Vienna, July 1958, GC (II)/39, p. 9.

2 Ibid..; by a letter dated March 6, 1958, the Director General of the Agency was informed that Egypt and Syria had formed one state—the United Arab Republic. Consequently, the United Arab Republic henceforth succeeded Egypt as a member of the first Board of Governors.

3 IAEA Statute, Article 6.

4 IAEA/Gov./OR.1, October 21, 1957.

5 IAEA/Gov./OR.74, June 19, 1958.

6 Ibid.

7 IAEA Statute, Article III.

8 GC (11)/39. P. 21.

9 IAEA/Gov./OR.67, June 12, 1958.

10 Ibid.,

11 IAEA/G0V./OR.83, July 2, 1958.

12 Ibid.,

13 Ibid.,

14 On May 1, 1958, 70 states had ratified the Agency Statute in accordance with their constitutional processes.

15 The Committees established by the Board up to June 30, 1958, were the following: Committee to Advise the Director General on Negotiations with Specialized Agencies; Committee to Advise the Director General on Permanent Headquarters; Committee on the 1959 Program and Budget; and Committee on the Agency's Second Report to the UN General Assembly.

16 IAEA Statute, Article V.

17 Ibid.,, Article VI.

18 Ibid.,

19 Gov./INF/5, Vienna, June 1958, Rule 8.

20 IAEA, Gov./105, February 27, 1958.

21 Ibid.,

22 IAEA Statute, Article VII.

23 GC (II) /39, Vienna, July 1958, p. 19.

24 Ibid.,

25 The New York Times, November 13, 1958.

26 The member states are: Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and Yugoslavia.

27 The member states are: Albania, Bulgaria, communist China, Czechoslovakia, east Germany, Hungary, North Korea, Outer Mongolia, Poland, Romania, and the Soviet Union.

28 The New York Times, November 13, 1958.

29 Press Release IAEA/128, December 12, 1958.

30 Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, January 1959, P. 47.

31 The New York Times, May 25, 1959.

32 Press Release IAEA/137, January 22, 1959.

33 Report of the Preparatory Commission of the IAEA, p. 13.

34 Third Report of the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission, May 17, 1948, p. 4.

35 The New York Herald-Tribune, European Edition, September 1, 1958.

36 Ibid.

37 Ibid., August 11, 1958.

38 Stein, Eric, “The New International Atomic Energy Agency,” Proceedings of the American Academy of International Law, 1957, p. 162–163Google Scholar.

39 SirPollock, Frederick, “The Sources of International Law,“ Columbia Law Review, 1902 (Vol. 2), p. 511–512 (emphasis added)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.