Human rights — Discrimination — Equality of treatment for different communities — Rights of Irish travellers under Irish law and European Convention on Human Rights — Housing Acts 1966-2004 — European Convention on Human Rights Act 2003 — Accommodation — Extent of statutory duty to provide caravan accommodation to members of traveller community — Homelessness — Whether housing authority has a statutory duty to provide better equipped caravan — Whether offer of housing accommodation rather than caravan accommodation constituting unequal treatment

Human rights — Right to family life and right to private life — European Convention on Human Rights, 1950, Articles 14 and 8 — Interpretation — Duty of State authorities to take account of traditions and sensitivities of nomadic peoples — Irish travellers — Rights protection — Whether States have an obligation to actively intervene to protect Article 8 rights — Intervention via social and welfare provision — Limited nature of positive obligation to intervene — Limited nature of State resources — Distribution of State resources a matter for political determination — The law of Ireland

Recognition — States — Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (“TRNC”) — Lack of recognition by United Kingdom Government — Effects of non-recognition — Family law — Recognition of foreign divorce — Whether English court entitled to recognize decree of divorce issued in TRNC — Recognition of acts of unrecognized States concerning private rights — Status of the TRNC under the Family Law Act 1986 — Establishment of the Republic of Cyprus — Whether Cyprus exercising effective control over whole island — De facto authority in northern part of island — The TRNC as a defined territory — Whether Republic of Cyprus comprising one country with two territories operating different systems of law — The law of England

Recognition — States — Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (“TRNC”) — Lack of recognition by United Kingdom — Effects of non-recognition — Civil aviation — Scheduled and charter flights — Applications for operating permits for flights between UK and TRNC — Refusal of permits — Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation 1944 — Obligations of State parties — Duty of UK government to respect rights of Republic of Cyprus under Chicago Convention — Implied recognition — Denial of permits avoiding indirect affirmation of TRNC's sovereignty over territory of northern Cyprus — Exceptions to general principle of non-recognition — Ability to recognise validity of acts by TRNC regulating day-to-day activities and private rights of individuals — Whether civil aviation falling within exceptions — Whether grant of operating permits amounting to breach of obligations under international or domestic law

Treaties — Interpretation — Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation 1944 — Sovereignty — Meaning of “sovereignty” under Chicago Convention — Whether “territorial sovereignty” requiring effective control over entire territory — Principle of effectiveness — Performance of treaty rights and obligations — Impossibility of performance — Conditions for suspension of operation of treaty — Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Article 61(1) — Whether rights under treaty suspended — Whether entitlement to exercise rights under treaty suspended — Whether loss of effective control over territory resulting in suspension of treaty rights and obligations in respect of territory — The law of England