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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 16 December 2008
1. Engels, Friedric, England in 1845 and in 1885.Google Scholar later reprinted as the preface to the 1892 English edition of The Condition of the Working Class in England. See Stanford University Press edition. 1968. pp. 360–371.Google ScholarPubMed
2. Ibid., p. 368.
3. Ibid., p. 370.
4. This distinction is made by Rowe, J.W.F., in Wages in Practice and Theory, New York. 1969, Appendix 3, p. 264.Google Scholar
5. This development was noted in contemporary accounts. See, e.g., The Socialist, Edinburgh. 11, 1904.Google Scholar and Williams, Alfred, Life in a Railway Factory. London, 1916, p. 5.Google Scholar (The Socialis: was the monthly publication of the Scottish De Leonite party, the Socialist Labour Party, and contains many articles describing changing work practices and conditions in a variety of industries.)