Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T04:20:34.308Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Liver Transplantation in Europe—Present Status

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2009

Krister Höckerstedt  and
Jari Kankaanpää
Krister Höckerstedt
Affiliation:
Helsinki University Central Hospital
Jari Kankaanpää
Affiliation:
National Public Health Institute, Finland
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Liver transplantation is an exciting new therapeutic procedure that over the past few years has shown signs of increasing interest among physicians and health care providers (26;36). The history of liver transplantation dates back to the immediate post-World War II years when early experiments showed the technical feasibility of transplanting a functioning liver into a recipient, either heterotopically as an accessory organ or orthotopically, i.e., by complete replacement of the original organ (29).

Type
Special Section: Transplantation and Artificial Organs
Information
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care , Volume 2 , Issue 3 , July 1986 , pp. 451 - 463
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1.Beauchamp, T. L. & Childress, J. F.Principles of biomedical ethics. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983, (2nd ed.).Google Scholar
2.Bismuth, H. & Houssin, D. Hepatic transplantation in a child using a reduced-sized orthotopic liver graft. In Gips, C. H. & Krom, R. (eds.), Progress in liver transplantation. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: M. Nijhoff Publishers, 1985, 221–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3.Brölsch, C. E., Neuhaus, P., Wonigkeit, K., & Pichlmayr, R.Liver transplantation for hepatic tumors. Symposium on Orthotopic Liver Transplantation, 05 5, 1983, Groningen, the Netherlands.Google Scholar
4.Calne, R. Y.Liver transplantation for liver cancer. World Journal of Surgery, 1982, 6, 76–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Calne, R. Y. & Williams, R.Liver transplantation in man-I. Observations on technique and organization in five cases. British Medical Journal, 1968, IV, 535–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6.Caplan, A. L.Ethical and policy issues in the procurement of cadaver organs for transplantation. New England Journal of Medicine, 1984, 311, 981–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Childress, J. F. The gift of life: Ethical problems and policies in obtaining organs for transplantation. In Organ transplants, Hearings before the Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight of the Committee on Science and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, 98th Congress, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1983.Google Scholar
8.Cohen, A. B. & Cohodes, D. R.Certificate of need and low capital-cost medical technology. Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly/Health and Society, 1982, 60, 307–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Editorial: Lancet, 1985, 1, 27–28.Google Scholar
10.Engelhardt, H. T. Jr, Shattuck lecture—Allocating scarce medical resources and the availability of organ transplantation, some moral presuppositions. New England Journal of Medicine, 1984, 311, 66–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Evans, R. W.Health care technology and the inevitability of resource allocation and rationing decisions, Part I & II. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1983, 249, 2047–53 (Part I), 2208–19 (Part II).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Final report of the task force on liver transplantation in Massachusetts, submitted to the Commissioner of Public Health, May, 1983.Google Scholar
13.Fineberg, H. & Hiatt, H.Evaluation of medical practices. A case for technology assessment. New England Journal of Medicine, 1979, 301, 1086–91.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Gips, C. H. In the Symposium on Orthotopic Liver Transplantation, May 5, 1983, Groningen, the Netherlands.Google Scholar
15.Gips, C. H. & Krom, R. A. F. (eds.), Progress in liver transplantation. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: M. Nijhoff Publishers, 1985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16.Gordon, G. & Fisher, G. L. (eds.), The diffusion of medical technology. Policy and research planning perspectives, Cambridge, MA: Ballinger Publishing Co., 1975.Google Scholar
17.Greer, A. L.Hospital adoption of medical technology: A preliminary investigation into hospital decision-making. University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee: Urban Research Center publication, PRO No. RO1-HS-323801, 1977.Google Scholar
18.Gunby, P.Media-abetted liver transplants raise questions of “equity and decency.” Journal of the American Medical Association, 1983, 249, 1973–74, 1980–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
19.Iglehart, J. K.Transplantation: The problem of limited resources. New England Journal of Medicine, 1983, 309, 123–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Iglehart, J. K.The politics of transplantation. New England Journal of Medicine, 1984, 310, 864–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Krom, R. A. F. & Gips, C. H.Skills and resources needed for liver transplantation. Hepatology, 1984, 4 (Suppl.), 72S–5S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22. Liver Transplantation, Conclusion of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference, June 20–23, 1983 in the National Institutes of Health, Be-thesda, MD.Google Scholar
23.Liver Transplantation. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1983, 250, 2961–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24.McNeil, B. J. & Cravalho, E. G. (eds.), Critical issues in medical technology. Boston, MA: Auburn House Publishing Co., 1982.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. The Belmont report: ethical guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research, DHEW Publication No. (OS) 78–0012, 1978.Google Scholar
26.National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on Liver Transplantation. Hepatology, 1984, 4(Suppl.), 1S–110S.Google Scholar
27. Office of Health Technology Assessment, unpublished data, 1986.Google Scholar
28.Scharschmidt, B. F.Human liver transplantation: Analysis of data on 540 patients from four centers. Hepatology, 1984, 4(Suppl.), 95S–101S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29.Schmid, R.Issues in liver transplantation. Hepatology, 1984, 4(Suppl.), 1S–2S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30. Second Congress of the European Society of Organ Transplantation, November 27–29, 1985, Munich, FRG.Google Scholar
31.Shaw, B. W., Gordon, R. D., Iwatsuki, S., & Starzl, T. E.Transplantation of the liver, manuscript, 1985.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
32.Sisk, J. E.Effects of increased competition in health care on the use and innovation of medical technology. Health Care Management Review, 1984, 9, 21–34.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33.SoRelle, R.At heart of organ transplants, Houston Chronicle, 08. 2, 1984.Google Scholar
34.Starzl, T. E., Marchioro, T. L., von Kaulla, K. N., et al. Homotransplantation of the liver in humans. Surgery Gynecology and Obstetrics, 1963, 117, 659–76.Google ScholarPubMed
35.Starzl, T. E., Iwatsuki, S., van Thiel, D. H., et al. Evolution of liver transplantation. Hepatology, 1982, 2, 614–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
36.Starzl, T. E.After 20 years, liver transplantation comes of age. Annals of Internal Medicine, 1983, 99, 854–56.Google Scholar
37.Starzl, T. E., Iwatsuki, S., Shaw, B. W., et al. Analysis of liver transplantation. Hepatology, 1984, 4(Suppl.), 47S–9S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
38.Starzl, T. E., Iwatsuki, S., Shaw, B. W., & Gordon, R. D.Orthotopic liver transplantation in 1984. Transplantation Proceedings, 1985, 17, 250–58.Google Scholar
39.United States Congress, Office of Technology Assessment Federal policies and the medical devices industry. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1984.Google Scholar
40.van Thiel, D. H.Guest lecture given in the meeting of European Association for Study of the Liver. 09 1–3, 1985, Helsinki, Finland.Google Scholar
41.van Thiel, D. H., Schade, R. R., Starzl, T. E., et al. Liver transplantation in adults. Hepatology, 1982, 2, 637–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
42.Williams, R., Neuberger, J., Portmann, B., & Calne, R. Selection of patients for liver transplantation and results. In Gips, C. H. & Krom, R. (eds.), Progress in liver transplantation. Dordrecht, the Netherlands: M. Nijhoff Publishers, 1985, 175–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar