Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T04:36:24.308Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Does It Work? The Outcomes of Medical Interventions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 March 2009

Bernard S. Bloom
Bernard S. Bloom
Affiliation:
University of Pennsylvania
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

The focus of this article is on contemporary roots of medical care quality measurement, while it also examines some of the most important historical precedents. Specifically, it singles out Dr. Ernest Avery Codman and his early 20th-century work emphasizing the assessment of outcome as the paramount indicator of medical care quality. The standard that he set for himself and others is the one that late 20th-century researchers must uphold, and to which we must answer.

Type
General Essays
Information
International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care , Volume 6 , Issue 2 , January 1990 , pp. 326 - 332
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1990

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

1Bryan, C. P.The papyrus ebers. London: Geoffrey Bles, Ltd., 1930.Google Scholar
228,621, Cholecystectomies in Ohio. American Journal of Surgery 1970, 119, 714–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3Stevens, R.American medicine and the public interest. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1971.Google Scholar
4Committee on Maternal Welfare, Massachusetts Medical Society: Peer review of obstetric mishaps. New England Journal of Medicine, 1971, 285, 858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
5Peterson, O. L., Andrews, L. P., Spain, R. S. et al. , An analytical study of North Carolina general practice. Part 2. Journal of Medical Education, 1956, 31, 1–164.Google Scholar
6Health and Public Policy Committee, American College of Physicians. Endoscopy in the evaluation of dyspepsia. Annals of Internal Medicine, 1985, 102, 266–69CrossRefGoogle Scholar
7Report of the Inter-Society Commission for Heart Disease Resources. Circulation, 1971, 44, A221–A236.Google Scholar
8Bloom, B. S., Peterson, O. L.Patient needs and medical care planning: The coronary care unit as a model. New England Journal of Medicine, 1974, 290, 1171–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
9Brook, R. H., Appel, F. A.Quality-of-care assessment: Choosing a method for peer review. New England Journal of Medicine, 1973, 288, 1323–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10Nobrega, F. I., Morrow, O. W., Smoldt, R. K. et al. , Quality assessment in hypertension: Analysis of process and outcome methods. New England Journal of Medicine, 1977, 296, 145–48.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11Louis, P. C. A., Researches on the effects of bloodletting in some inflammatory diseases and on the influence of tartarized antimony and vesication in pneumonitis. Translated by Putnam, C. G.. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, 1836.Google Scholar
12Van Helmont, J. A.Oriatrike, orphysick refined. The common errors therein refuted and the whole are reformed and rectified. Translated by John, Chandler. London: Loyd, 1662.Google Scholar
13Cumston, C. O.An introduction to the history of medicine. London: Kegan Paul 1926.Google Scholar
14Paracelcus, . Selected writings. Edited by Jacobi, J.. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1951.Google Scholar
15Richter, J. P.Leonardo da Vinci. Vol. 2. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1939.Google Scholar
16Lind, J.A treatise of the scurvy. Edinburgh: Sands, Murray and Cochran, 1753.Google Scholar
17Bacon, F.DeAugmentis Scientiarum. In Works. Vol. 6, Translated by Jones, W. H. S.. London: William Heinemann, 1923.Google Scholar
18Birch, T. (ed.) The works of the honourable Robert Boyle. Vol. 1. London: Millar, 1744.Google Scholar
19Jenner, E.An inquiry into the causes and effects of the Variolae Vaccinae. London: S. Low, 1798.Google Scholar
20Pearson, G.An inquiry concerning the history of cowpox. London: J. Johnson, 1798.Google Scholar
21Fitz, R. H.Zabdiel Boylston, inoculation and the epidemic of smallpox in Boston in 1721. Bulletin of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1911, 22, 315–29.Google Scholar
22oston, Massachusetts Board of Health. Reprint of the Report of the Board of Health, December 16, 1802. Boston Medical and Surgical Journal, 1901, 145, 445.Google Scholar
23Wiseman, R.Severall chirurgicall treatises. London: R. Royston, 1676.Google Scholar
24Haygarth, J.Of the imagination as a cause and as a cure of disorders of the body. Bath, England: R. Crutwell. 1801.Google Scholar
25Franklin, B. et al. , Animal magnetism. Philadelphia: H. Perkins, 1837.Google Scholar
26Hunter, J. A.Treatise on the blood, inflammation and gun-shot wounds. London: G. Nicoll, 1794.Google Scholar
27Laplace, P.-S.Theorie analytique des probabilities. Paris: 1812.Google Scholar
28Louis, P. C. A.Essay on clinical instruction. Translated by WH, Waishe. London: Sydenham Society. 1843.Google Scholar
29Bartlett, E.An essay on the philosophy of medicalscience. Philadelphia: Lea & Blanchard, 1844.Google Scholar
30Magendie, F.Formulaire pour la Preparation et l'Emploi de Plusiers Nouveaux Medicamens (3rd ed.). Paris: Mequignon-Marvis, 1822.Google Scholar
31Bennett, J. H.The restorative treatment of pneumonia. Edinburgh: A. C. Black, 1865.Google ScholarPubMed
32Semmelweis, I. P.The etiology, the concept, and the prophylaxis of childbed fever. Translated by Murphy, F. P.. Medical Classics, 1941, 5, 350–773.Google Scholar
33Lister, J. On the effects of the antiseptic system upon the salubrity of a surgical hospital. Lancet, 1870, 1, 4–6 & 40–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
34Simpso, J. Y.The works of Sir James Y Simpson. Vol. 2, Anesthesia, Hospitalism and Hermaphroditism. Edited by Simpson, W. G.. Edinburgh: Adams and Charles Black, 1871.Google Scholar
35Takaki, K.On the preservation of health among the personnel of the Japanese navy and army. Lancet, 1906, 1, 1369.Google Scholar
36Behring, E., Boer, O., Kossel, H.Zur Behandlung Diphtheriekanker Menschen mit Dipherieheilserum. Deutsche Medicinische Wochenschrift, 1893, 6, 389–419.Google Scholar
37Roux, E., Martin, L., Chaillou, A.Trois Cent Cas de Diphtherie Traite par le Serum Antidiphtherique. Annales Institute Pasteur, 1894, 8, 640.Google Scholar
38Fibiger, J.Om Serum Behandlung af Difteri. Hospitalstidende, 1898, 4, 309–425.Google Scholar
39Wright, A. E.Remarks on the results which have been obtained by the anti-typhoid inoculations. British Medical Journal, 1900, 1, 122–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
40Bloom, B. S.Controlled studies in measuring the efficacy of medical care: a historical perINTL. spective. International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, 1986, 2, 229–310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
41Contributions to a knowledge of the influence of employments on health. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 1843, 6, 197–211.Google Scholar
42Vallery-Radot, R.Pasteur, 1822–1895. Paris: 1922.Google Scholar
43Codman, E. A.A study of hospital efficiency. Boston: Thomas Todd, 1914.Google Scholar
44Flexner, A.Medical education in the United States and Canada. New York: Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, 1910.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
45Packard, F. R.The life and times of Ambroise Pare, 1510–1590, 2nd ed.New York: Paul B. Hoeber, 1926.Google Scholar
46Howard, A. A.Hospital efficiency as produced and measured by a follow up system. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1915, 45, 1962–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
47Corscaden, J. A.The follow up system of the Presbyterian Hospital in the City of New York. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1916, 46, 802–804.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
48Ward, G. G., Farrar, L. K. P.Radium treatment of carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1925, 85, 159–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
49Ward, G. G., Farrar, L. K. P.Eleven years' experience with the radium treatment of carcinoma of the cervix, at the women's hospital. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, 1931, 52, 556–59.Google Scholar
50Ward, G. G.Value and need for more attention to end results. Bulletin of the American College of Surgeons, 1924, 8, 29–34.Google Scholar
51Lembcke, P. A.Medical auditing by scientific methods. Journal of the American Medical Association, 1956, 162, 646–55.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed