Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T20:25:49.269Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Roots of Peacemaking: The Dynamics of Citizenship in Israel, 1948–93

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 April 2009

Yoav Peled
Affiliation:
Senior Lecturer in the Department of Political Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
Gershon Shafir
Affiliation:
Professor in the Department of Sociology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, Calif. 92093-0533, USA.

Extract

The Declaration of Prsinciples signed by Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) in September 1993 marked a dramatic about-face in Israel's traditional policy toward the PLO and the Palestinian issue in general. This turn of events came as a surprise not only to journalists and commentators following day-to-day political events, but also to scholars engaged in the academic study of Israeli society. The prevailing notion among these scholars had been that the Israeli polity was suffering from what Horowitz and Lissak (1989) called “overburden” due to domestic debates over the disposition of the occupied territories. Thus, it was concluded, Israel was unable to launch bold policy initiatives to try to solve its deadlocked conflict with the Arabs.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

ZalmanAbramov, S. Abramov, S. (1976) Perpetual Dilemma: Jewish Religion in the Jewish State (Rutherford, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press).Google Scholar
Amit-Kohn, Uzi et al. , (1993) Israel, the “Intifada” and the Rule of Law (Tel Aviv: Israel Ministry of Defense Publications).Google Scholar
Arian, Asher (1995) Security Threatened: Surveying Israeli Public Opinion on Peace and War (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beilin, Yossi (1985) The Price of Unity [Hebrew] (Tel Aviv: Revivim).Google Scholar
Ben, Aluf (1995) “A Political Card No More [Hebrew],” Haaretz, 22 06.Google Scholar
Ben-Shahar, Hayim (1995) “Kalkalat yisrael—emtza ha-derech” [Israel's Economy-Midway], Haaretz, 06 22.Google Scholar
Benvenisti, Eyal (1990) Legal Dualism: The Absorption of the Occupied Territories into Israel, The West Bank Data Project (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press).Google Scholar
Bernstein, Deborah, and Swirski, Shlomo (1982) “The Rapid Economic Development of Israel and the Emergence of the Ethnic Division of Labour,” British Journal of Sociology 33, 1 (03): 6485.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
B'tselem, (1989) Maarechet ha-shiput ha-tzvai ba-gada ha-maaravit [The Military Judicial System in the West Bank] (Jerusalem: B'tselem).Google Scholar
B'tselem, . (1994) Akifat ha-chok al ha-ezrachim ha-yisraelim ba-shtachim [Law Enforcement on Israeli Citizens in the Occupied Territories]. (Jerusalem: B'tselem).Google Scholar
Center for Pluralism, Jewish (1992) Budgeting of the Religious Sector in Israel: The Public Account and Economic Aspects [Hebrew] (Jerusalem: The Israel Movement for Progressive Judaism).Google Scholar
Cohen, Erik (1989) “The Changing Legitimations of the State of Israel,” Studies in Contemporary Jewry 5: 148–65.Google Scholar
Cohen, Mitchell (1987) Zion and State: Nation, Class and the Shaping of Modern Israel (Oxford: Basil Blackwell).Google Scholar
Deutsch, W. Karl (1985) “Introduction,” in Studies of Israeli Society, Vol. 3: Politics and Society in Israel, ed. Krausz, Ernest (New Brunswick, N.J.: Transaction Books).Google Scholar
Druyan, Nitza (1981) Without a Magic Carpet: Yemenite Immigrants in Eretz Yisrael, 1881–1914 [Hebrew] (Jerusalem: Yad Ben-Zvi).Google Scholar
Ehrlich, Avishai (1987) “Israel: Conflict, War and Social Change,” in The Sociology of War and Peace, ed. Creighton, Colin and Shaw, Martin (London: Macmillan).Google Scholar
Eisenstadt, S. N. (1985) The Transformation of Israeli Society (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson).Google Scholar
Ezrahi, Yaron (1993) “Democratic Politics and Culture in Modern Israel: Recent Trends,” in Israeli Democracy Under Stress, ed. Sprinzak, Ehud and Diamond, Larry (Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner).Google Scholar
Faris, Amin (1993) Beyond the Pita-Bread: Poverty and Economic Gaps among the Arabs in Israel [Hebrew] (Beit Berl: Institute for Israeli Arab Studies).Google Scholar
Giddens, Anthony (1985) The Nation-State and Violence (Cambridge: Polity Press).Google Scholar
Gorham, Eric (1992) “Are Citizens Becoming Subjects? Irony in the Discourse of Neoliberalism.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago.Google Scholar
Greenfeld, Liah (1992) Nationalism: Five Roads to Modernity (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press).Google Scholar
Haberfeld, Yitzhak, and Cohen, Yinon (1995) Schooling and Income Gaps Between Western and Eastern Jews in Israel, 1975–1992, Golda Meir Institute for Social and Labor Research (Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University).Google Scholar
Hasson, Shlomo (1981) “Social and Spatial Conflicts: The Settlement Process in Israel During the 1950s and the 1960s,” L'Espace Geographique 3: 169–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Held, David (1989) Political Theory and the Modern State (Cambridge: Polity Press).Google Scholar
Herman, Simon N. (1970) Israelis and Jews: The Continuity of an Identity (New York: Random House).Google Scholar
Horowitz, Dan, and Lissak, Moshe (1978) Origins of the Israeli Polity: Palestine under the Mandate (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).Google Scholar
Horowitz, Dan. (1989) Trouble in Utopia: The Overburdened Polity of Israel (Albany: State University of New York Press).Google Scholar
Jiryis, Sabri (1976) The Arabs in Israel, trans. Inea Bushnaq (New York: Monthly Review Press).Google Scholar
Kimmerling, Baruch (1985) “Between the Primordial and the Civil Definitions of the Collective Identity: Eretz Israel or the State of Israel?” in Comparative Social Dynamics, ed. Cohen, Erik et al. (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press).Google Scholar
Kimmerling, Baruch. (1989) “Boundaries and Frontiers of the Israeli Control System: Analytical Conclusions,” in The Israeli State and Society: Boundaries and Frontiers, ed. Kimmerling, Baruch (Albany: State University of New York Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kimmerling, Baruch. (1992) “Sociology, Ideology, and Nation-Building: The Palestinians and their Meaning in Israeli Sociology,” American Sociological Review 57 (08): 446–60.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kraus, Vered, and Hodge, R. W. (1990) Promises in the Promised Land (New York: Greenwood Press).Google Scholar
Kretzmer, David (1990) The Legal Status of the Arabs in Israel (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press).Google Scholar
Lamar, Howard, and Thompson, Leonard (1981) The Frontier in History: North America and Southern Africa Compared (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press).Google Scholar
Liebman, Charles S. and Don-Yehiya, Eliezer (1983) CiviV Religion in Israel: Traditional Judaism and Political Culture in the Jewish State (Berkeley: University of California Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lissak, Moshe (1990) “The Intifada and Israeli Society: An Historical and Sociological Perspective,” in The Seventh War: The Effects of the Intifada on Israeli Society [Hebrew], ed. Gal, Reuven (Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad).Google Scholar
Lustick, Ian S. (1980) Arabs in the Jewish State (Austin: University of Texas Press).Google Scholar
Lustick, Ian S.. (1988) For the Land and the Lord: Jewish Fundamentalism in Israel (New York: Council on Foreign Relations).Google Scholar
Lustick, Ian S.. (1990) “The Changing Political Role of Israeli Arabs,” in The Elections in Israel-1988, ed. Arian, Asher and Shamir, Michal (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press).Google Scholar
Lustick, Ian S.. (1993) Unsettled States, Disputed Lands: Britain and Ireland, France and Algeria, Israel and the West Bank-Gaza (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press).Google Scholar
Marshall, T. H. (1973 [1949]) “Citizenship and Social Class,” in Class, Citizenship and Social Development, ed. Marshall, T. H. (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press), 65122.Google Scholar
Medding, Y. Peter (1990) The Founding of Israeli Democracy, 1948–1967 (Oxford: Oxford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oldfield, Adrian (1990) Citizenship and Community: Civic Republicanism and the Modern World (London: Routledge).Google Scholar
Peled, Yoav (1990) “Ethnic Exclusionism in the Periphery: The Case of Oriental Jews in Israel's Development Towns,” Ethnic and Racial Studies, 13, 3 (07): 345–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peled, Yoav. (1992) “Ethnic Democracy and the Legal Construction of Citizenship: Arab Citizens of the Jewish State,” American Political Science Review, 86, 2 (06): 432–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yoav, Peled, and Ophir, Adi, ed. (forthcoming) Israel: From Mobilizational to Civil Society? [Hebrew] (Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz Hameuchad).Google Scholar
Razin, Assaf, and Sadka, Efraim (1993) The Economy of Modern Israel: Malaise and Promise (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).Google Scholar
Rosen, Howard (1991) “Economic Consequences of the Intifada in Israel and the Administered Territories,” in The Intifada: Its Impact on Israel, The Arab World, and the Super-Powers, ed. Freedman, Robert O. (Miami: Florida International University Press).Google Scholar
Sandel, Michael J. (1989) Liberalism and the Limits of Justice (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Dellapergola, Schmelz U. O. S. and Avner, U. (1991) Ethnic Differences Among Israeli Jews: A New Look (Jerusalem: The Institute of Contemporary Jewry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, American Jewish Yearbook, and the American Jewish Committee).Google Scholar
Seligman, Adam (1994) “Animadversions upon Civil Society and Civic Virtue in the Last Decade of the 20th Century,” in Civil Society: Theory, History and Comparison, ed. Hall, John (Cambridge: Polity Press).Google Scholar
Semyonov, Moshe, and Lewin-Epstein, Noah (1987) Hewers of Wood and Drawers of Water: Noncitizen Arabs in the Israeli Labor Market, New York School of Industrial and Labor Relations(Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shafir, Gershon (1984) “Changing Nationalism and Israel's ‘Open Frontier’ on the West Bank,” Theory and Society 13, 6 (11): 803–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shafir, Gershon (1989) Land, Labor and the Origins of the Israeli–Palestinian Conflict, 1882–1914 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Shafir, Gershon. (1990) “The Meeting of Eastern Europe and Yemen: ‘Idealist Workers‘ and ‘Natural Workers’ in Early Zionist Settlement in Palestine,” Ethnic and Racial Studies 13, 2 (04): 172–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shafir, Gershon (1996) “Zionism and Colonialism: A Comparative Approach,” in Israel in Comparative Perspective: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom, ed. Barnett, Michael (Albany: State University of New York Press): 227–42.Google Scholar
Shalev, Michael (1992) Labour and the Political Economy in Israel (Oxford: Oxford University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shalev, Michael. (1993) “The Death of the ‘Bureaucratic’ Labor Market? Structural Change in the Israeli Political Economy.” Unpublished manuscript, Department of Sociology, Hebrew University, Jerusalem.Google Scholar
Shamir, Jacob, and Shamir, Michal (1993) “The Dynamics of Public Opinion on Peace and the Territories.” Report to the Israel Foundation Trustees.Google Scholar
Shapiro, Yonathan (1976) The Formative Years of the Israeli Labour Party: The Organization of Power, 1919–1930 (London: Sage).Google Scholar
Smith, Rogers M. (1988) “The ‘American Creed’ and American Identity: The Limits of American Citizenship in the United States,” Western Political Quarterly 41: 225–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smooha, Sammy (1978) Israel: Pluralism and Conflict (Berkeley: University of California Press).Google Scholar
Smooha, Sammy. (1993) “Class, Ethnic, and National Cleavages and Democracy in Israel,” in Israeli Democracy Under Stress, ed. Sprinzak, Ehud and Diamond, Larry (Boulder, Colo.: Lynne Rienner).Google Scholar
Swirski, Shlomo (1984) “The Oriental Jews in Israel: Why Many Tilted Toward Begin?Dissent 31, 134: 7791.Google Scholar
Taylor, Charles (1989) “Cross Purposes: The Liberal–Communitarian Debate,” in Liberalism and the Moral Life, ed. Rosenbaum, Nancy L. (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press).Google Scholar
Taylor, Charles (1990) “Modes of Civil Society,” Public Culture, 3, 1 (Fall): 95118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tessler, Mark (1991) “The Impact of the Intifada on Israel's Political Thinking,” in Echoes of the Intifada: Regional Repercussions of the Palestinian–Israeli Conflict, ed. Brynen, Rex (Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press).Google Scholar
Tilly, Charles (1992) Coercion, Capital and European States: AD 990–1992 (Cambridge, Mass.: Blackwell).Google Scholar
Vital, David (1982) Zionism: The Formative Years (Oxford: Clarendon Press).Google Scholar
Yiftachel, Oren (1992) Planning a Mixed Region in Israel: The Political Geography of Arab–Jewish Relations in the Galilee (Aldershot, U.K.: Avebury).Google Scholar
Zucker, Norman L. (1983) The Coming Crisis in Israel: Private Faith and Public Policy (Cambridge, Mass.: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press).Google Scholar
MoughrabiZureik, Elia, Fouad Zureik, Elia, Fouad and Sacco, Vincent F. (1993) “Perception of Legal Inequality in Deeply Divided Societies: The Case of Israel,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 25, 3 (08): 423–42.Google Scholar