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Asian Criminology and Non-Western Criminology: Challenges, Strategies, and Directions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2022

Jianhong Liu Open the ORCID record for Jianhong Liu [Opens in a new window]
Jianhong Liu*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Law, University of Macau, China
*
*Corresponding Author: Jianhong Liu, Faculty of Law, University of Macau, Macau, China. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Academic criminology originated in Western countries, primarily in Europe and in the USA. It has achieved great success, produced many influential theories, sophisticated methodology, academic institutions, and effective policy products, and has formed a productive paradigm, which has led to a flourishing discipline. However, as there have been growing critiques against “Western-centric” criminology, growing attention has turned to non-Western criminology. As Belknap has said, “We are in an exciting time in criminology, as the scholarship is becoming more global, collaborative, and interdisciplinary.” This paper addresses several important disciplinary questions: the relationship between Western and non-Western criminology, the strategies of developing criminology under non-Western contexts, the relationship between context-dependent findings from the non-West and the scientific traditions that seek unified human knowledge of criminology. The article suggests a strategy for developing non-Western criminology based on the experience of the successful growth of Asian criminology over the past decade under the concept of an “Asian criminological paradigm.”

Abstracto

Abstracto

La criminología académica se originó en los países occidentales, principalmente en Europa y Estados Unidos. Ha logrado un gran éxito, ha producido muchas teorías influyentes, una metodología sofisticada, instituciones académicas y productos de políticas eficaces, y ha formado un paradigma productivo que ha llevado a una disciplina floreciente. Sin embargo, como ha habido crecientes críticas contra la criminología “centrada en Occidente”, la atención creciente se ha vuelto hacia la criminología no occidental. Como ha dicho Belknap, “Estamos en un momento emocionante en criminología, ya que el trabajo académico se está volviendo más global, colaborativo e interdisciplinario”. Este artículo aborda varias cuestiones disciplinarias importantes: la relación entre la criminología occidental y no occidental, las estrategias de desarrollo de la criminología en contextos no occidentales, la relación entre los hallazgos dependientes del contexto de Non-West y las tradiciones científicas que buscan un conocimiento humano unificado dela Possible criminología. El artículo sugiere una estrategia para desarrollar la criminología no occidental basada en la experiencia del crecimiento exitoso de la criminología asiática durante la última década bajo el concepto de un “paradigma criminológico asiático”.

Abstrait

Abstrait

La criminologie universitaire est née dans les pays occidentaux, principalement en Europe et aux États-Unis. Il a obtenu un grand succès, produit de nombreuses théories influentes, une méthodologie sophistiquée, des institutions universitaires et des produits politiques efficaces, et a formé un paradigme productif, qui a conduit à une discipline florissante. Cependant, comme il y a eu de plus en plus de critiques contre la criminologie « occidentale », une attention croissante s’est tournée vers la criminologie non-occidentale. Comme l’a dit Belknap, « Nous vivons une période passionnante en criminologie, alors que le travail académique devient de plus en plus globale, collaborative et interdisciplinaire ». Cet article aborde plusieurs questions disciplinaires importantes : la relation entre la criminologie occidentale et non-occidentale, les stratégies de développement de la criminologie dans des contextes non-occidentaux, la relation entre les découvertes contextuelles de non-occidental et les traditions scientifiques qui recherchent une connaissance humaine unifiée de criminologie. L’article suggère une stratégie pour développer la criminologie non-occidentale basée sur l’expérience de la croissance réussie de la criminologie asiatique au cours de la dernière décennie sous le concept d’un « paradigme criminologique asiatique ».

الملخص

الملخص

نشأ علم الإجرام الأكاديمي في الدول الغربية ، وخاصة في أوروبا والولايات المتحدة الأمريكية. لقد حقق نجاحًا كبيرًا ، وأنتج العديد من النظريات المؤثرة ، والمنهجيات المتطورة ، والمؤسسات الأكاديمية ، ومنتجات السياسة الفعالة ، وشكل نموذجًا مثمرًا ، مما أدى إلى نظام مزدهر. ومع ذلك ، نظرًا لوجود انتقادات متزايدة ضد علم الإجرام “الغربي” ، تحول الاهتمام المتزايد إلى علم الجريمة غير الغربي. كما قال ، “نحن في وقت مثير في علم الإجرام ، حيث أصبح العمل الأكاديمي عالميًا وتعاونيًا ومتعدد التخصصات ”. تتناول هذه الورقة العديد من الأسئلة التأديبية الهامة: العلاقة بين علم الجريمة الغربي وغير الغربي ، واستراتيجيات تطوير علم الجريمة في ظل السياقات غير الغربية ، والعلاقة بين النتائج المعتمدة على السياق من غير الغرب والتقاليد العلمية التي تسعى إلى معرفة إنسانية موحدة علم الجريمة: يقترح المقال استراتيجية لتطوير علم الجريمة غير الغربي بناءً على تجربة النمو الناجح لعلم الجريمة الآسيوي على مدى العقد الماضي تحت مفهوم “نموذج علم الجريمة الآسيوي”.

抽象的

抽象的

学术犯罪学起源于西方国家, 主要是欧洲和美国。它取得了巨大的成功, 产生了许多有影响的理论、成熟的方法论、学术机构和有效的政策产品, 并形成了生产范式, 从而导致了学科的蓬勃发展。然而, 随着对“以西方为中心”犯罪学的批评越来越多, 越来越多的注意力转向非西方犯罪学。正如 Belknap 所说, “我们正处于犯罪学的激动人心的时刻, 因为学术工作正变得更加全球化、协作和跨学科。”本文解决了几个重要的学科问题：西方和非西方犯罪学之间的关系、在非西方语境下发展犯罪学的策略、非西方语境相关发现与寻求人类统一知识的科学传统之间的关系。犯罪学。文章根据过去十年亚洲犯罪学在“亚洲犯罪学范式”的概念下成功发展的经验, 提出了发展非西方犯罪学的策略。

Keywords

academic criminologyWestern criminologynon-Western criminologyAsian criminological paradigmcriminología académicacriminología occidentalcriminología no occidentalparadigma criminológico asiáticocontextocriminologie académiquecriminologie occidentalecriminologie non occidentaleparadigme criminologique asiatiqueالدالة. علم الجريمة الأكاديميعلم الجريمة الغربيعلم الجريمة غير الغربيالنموذج الإجرامي الآسيوي学术犯罪学西方犯罪学非西方犯罪学亚洲犯罪学范式
Type
Article
Information
International Annals of Criminology , Volume 59 , Issue 2 , November 2021 , pp. 103 - 118
Copyright
© International Society of Criminology 2022

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