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Analysis of Epidemic and Endemic Isolates of Xanthomonas maltophilia by Contour-Clamped Homogeneous Electric Field Gel Electrophoresis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Carolyn VanCouwenberghe  and
Stuart Cohen
Carolyn VanCouwenberghe*
Affiliation:
Division of Nursing, California State University, Sacramento, and the Department of Nursing, University of California, Davis Division of Infectious Disease, University of California, Davis
Stuart Cohen
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Disease, University of California, Davis
*
Division of Infectious Diseases, Research Facility I, 4815 Second Ave., Sacramento, CA 95817
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Abstract

Background:

Xanthomonas maltophilia is increasingly a cause of nosocomial infections. The mode of transmission of this organism is not well known.

Objective:

To investigate clonality of X maltophilia isolates in epidemic and endemic settings.

Methods:

An outbreak of X maltophilia was noted in the Intensive Care Nursery (ICN). Over the ensuing 9 months, hospitalwide isolates of X maltophilia were analyzed using contour-clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) gel electrophoresis of chromosomal DNA. This method was compared with the antibiogram for detecting differences and similarities among strains.

Results:

X maltophilia was recovered from 76 sites in 72 patients; 65 isolates from 61 patients and the hands of one nurse were available for analysis. CHEF demonstrated differences between most epidemiologically unrelated strains and similarity between most epidemiologically related strains. Several strains, initially presumed to be related because of temporal and spatial proximity of the patients involved, were determined by CHEF analysis to be independent infections. One pair of isolates whose Xbal CHEF patterns differed by a single band were differentiated clearly by Sspl. There was enough variation in the minimum inhibitory concentrations of selected antibiotics to allow typing of some strains. The antibiogram, however, did not group all of the ICN outbreak isolates with others found to be genetically identical by CHEF and it grouped 39 of 56 isolates with others not genetically the same.

Conclusions:

Although it is a convenient and economical tool, the antibiogram has limitations. Analysis by CHEF should help to elucidate the epidemiological spread of X maltophilia in the hospital.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 15 , Issue 11 , November 1994 , pp. 691 - 696
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1994 

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