Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2014
This article examines the ideological function of ‘models’ of citizenship in shaping the contours of public debate and the ability of refugee women to make claims in the public sphere. Key elements of Louis Althusser's concept of interpellation are explored: ideology works by interpellating (‘hailing’) individuals, providing them with a social and juridical identity that constitutes them as subjects. The article argues that ‘models’ of citizenship serve as vehicles for processes of interpellation that restrict claim-making, through the imposition of a dominant hierarchy of identities and needs. These processes become visible through analysis of Somali refugee women's experiences in republican France.
I am grateful to the ESRC for the postdoctoral fellowship held at the Refugee Studies Centre, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford that supported the writing of this article. Thanks to Matthew Gibney, Eva-Lotta Hedman, Cathie Lloyd, Emma Samman, Robbie Shilliam and participants in the workshop ‘The Refugee in Trans/National Politics and Society’ for comments on earlier drafts of this paper.
2 The continued relevance of these regimes in shaping migrant claim-making has been examined in a comparison of France, Germany, the Netherlands, Britain and Switzerland in R. Koopmans, P. Statham, M. Giugni and F. Passy, Contested Citizenship. Immigration and Cultural Diversity in Europe, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, 2005.Google Scholar
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5 The utility of an exhaustive typology is extensively debated with the argument that national incorporation frameworks are not fully cohesive, and a ‘radically disaggregated perspective’ is therefore more appropriate. Because they are constantly changing, national incorporation frameworks may best be described as belonging to a handful of ‘loosely connected syndromes’. See Freeman, G., ‘Immigrant Incorporation in Western Democracies’, International Migration Review, 38: 3 (2004), pp. 945–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar ‘Models’ are, however, both prevalent and persistent at the discursive level. Therefore, the focus here is on their role in framing debate and providing a basis for justifying state action.
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