Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-01T10:40:58.707Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Re-interpreting ‘segmented’ grain-size curves

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

C. Christiansen
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, University of Aarhus, DK.-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
P. Blæsild
Affiliation:
Institute of Mathematics, University of Aarhus, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
K. Dalsgaard
Affiliation:
Geological Institute, University of Aarhus, DK.-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark

Abstract

Cumulative curves of grain-size against frequency often show segmented shapes. These shapes have been interpreted as resulting from a combination of normally distributed populations each of which should reflect a mode of transport. The present study deals with samples in motion as bedload, pure saltation load and suspended load. All of these exhibited segmented shapes on cumulative curves. An explanation of this is that the populations are better described as log-hyperbolic distributions rather than as a mixture of log-normal distributions. The log-hyperbolic distribution when plotted on probability paper has a shape which can be misinterpreted as consisting of segments.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bagnold, R. A. 1937. The size-grading of sand by wind. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 163, 250–64.Google Scholar
Bagnold, R. A. 1954. The Physics of Blown Sand and Desert Dunes. London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Bagnold, R. A. 1979. Acceptance of Sorby Medal. Sedi–mentology 26, 159–90.Google Scholar
Bagnold, R. A. & Barndorff–Nielsen, O. 1980. The pattern of natural size distributions. Sedimentology 27, 199207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barndorff–Nielsen, O. 1977. Exponentially decreasing distributions for the logarithm of particle size. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A 353, 401–19.Google Scholar
Barndorff–Nielsen, O. & Blæsild, P. 1981. Hyperbolic distributions and ramifications: contribution to theory and application. In Statistical Distributions in Scientific Work, vol. 4 (ed. Tallie, C., Patil, G. P. & Baldessari, B. A.), p. 1944. Reidel Publishing Company.Google Scholar
Barndorff–Nielsen, O., Dalsgaard, K., Halgreen, C., Kuhlman, H., Møller, J. T. & Schou, G. 1982. Variations in particle size distribution over a small dune. Sedimentology 29, 5365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bridge, J. S. 1981. Hydraulic interpretation of grain–size distributions using a physical model for bedload transport. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 51, 1109–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christiansen, C., Christoffersen, H. & Schultz, K. E. 1981. Hydrography, sediments and sedimentation in a low energy embayment, Knebel Vig, Denmark. Geografiska Annaler A 63, 95103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deigaard, R. & Fredsøe, J. 1978. A sediment transport model for straight alluvial channels. Nordic Hydrology 7, 293306.Google Scholar
Doeglas, D. J. 1946. Interpretation of the results of mechanical analysis. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 16, 1940.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Folk, R. L. & Ward, W. C. 1957. Brazos River bar, a study in the significance of grain–size parameters. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 27, 327.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fuller, A. O. 1962. Systematic fractionation of sand in the shallow marine and beach environment off the South African coast. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 32, 602–6.Google Scholar
Glaister, R. P. & Nelson, H. W. 1974. Grain–size distributions, an aid in facies identification. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology 22, 203–40.Google Scholar
Jackson, R. G. 1977. Mechanisms and hydrodynamic factors of sediment transport in alluvial streams. In Research in Fluvial Geomorphology (ed. Davidson–Arnott, R. & Nickling, W.), pp. 944. Proceedings of the 5th Guelph Symposium on Geomorphology.Google Scholar
Johnson, C. W., Engleman, R. L., Smith, J. P. & Hanson, C. L. 1977. Helley–Smith bedload samples. Journal of the Hydraulics Division, American Society of Civil Engineers 103, 1217–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kennedy, S. K., Ehrlich, R. & Kana, T. W. 1981. The non normal distribution of intermittent suspension sediments below breaking waves. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 51, 1103–8.Google Scholar
Middleton, G. V. 1976. Hydraulic interpretation of sand size distribution. Journal of Geology 84, 405–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moss, A. J. 1962. The physical nature of common sandy and pebbly deposits. Part 1. American Journal of Science 260, 337–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oviatt, C. A. & Nixon, S. W. 1975. Sediment resuspension and deposition in Narragansett Bay. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 3, 201–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reed, W. E., LeFevre, R. & Moir, G. L. 1975. Depositional environment interpretation from settling–velocity (Psi) distributions. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America 86, 1321–8.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sedimentation Seminar 1981. Comparison of methods of size analysis for sands of the Amazon–Solimoes Rivers, Brazil and Peru. Sedimentology 28, 123–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sengupta, S. 1975. Size–sorting during suspension transportation – log–normality and other characteristics. Sedimentology 22, 257–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sindowski, K. H., von, 1957. Die synoptische Methode des Kornkurven–Vergleiches zur Ausdeutung fossiler Sedimentationsräume. Geologisches Jahrbuch 73, 235–75.Google Scholar
Spencer, D. W. 1963. The interpretation of grain–size distribution of clastic sediments. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 33, 180–90.Google Scholar
Tanner, W. F. 1964. Modification of sediment size distributions. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 34, 156–64.Google Scholar
Visher, G. S. 1969. Grain–size distribution and depositional processes. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 39, 1074–106.Google Scholar
Visher, G. S. & Howard, J. D. 1974. Dynamic relationship between hydraulics and sedimentation in the Altamaha estuary. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology 44, 502–21.Google Scholar
Walton, E. K., Stephens, W. E. & Shawa, M. S. 1980. Reading segmented grain–size curves. Geological Magazine 117, 517–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar