The link between school education and art therapy is supported by the fact that it comes to supplement the common school education activities of children with special educational requirements with a dual purpose: to complete and fix their specific content; to train and practice as much as possible the students’ minds and critical thinking through artistic means.

Prevention of absenteeism and school dropout of the child with special educational requirements through art therapy.

In art therapy, the most used methods specific to the fields of visual arts are: drawing, painting, icon, modeling on the wheel, but other techniques can be used. Children are the ones who choose their work materials and activities from the offer that the art therapist makes.

From the offer of materials, the beneficiary prefers to paint porcelain objects and letters. He was challenged to identify letters after which he painted them.

Increasing the feeling of social utility, self-confidence. Improving school situation. Reducing school dropout and literacy.

The beneficiary has an interest in letters and numbers and their writing. Form words quickly, easily identifying letters. Create your own games by comparing numbers. Make puzzles with letters and numbers.

Art education helps the beneficiary to more easily express their emotions, perceptions, desires and way of thinking. Learning numbers and letters becomes a fun activity when using colors.

The child needs education through art, because without it there is an imbalance in the fundamental purpose of man, that of developing harmoniously and multilaterally.

No significant relationships.

The Social media have gained tremendous popularity over the past decade, these sites have occupied a major part of people’s lives, especially young people. Many teenagers use tik tok, instagram, snapchat and facebook, to build relationships, connect with the world, share and acquire knowledge and information, and build their personalities, their effects are not limited. to that, comparisons made using social networking sites have led people to have a drop in self-esteem, with all the complications that can cause (anxiety disorders, depression and the anxiety disorder , etc.)

Assessment of the impact of social media on the self-image, of young subjects in the Moroccan context

Cross-sectional study with a descriptive and analytical aim, using a questionnaire and a satisfaction scale to assess the impact of social media on the self-image of young subjects in the Moroccan context. bibliographic research to objectify several studies on this subject

our results are close to the results of the literature. Sample of 200 young peoples was selected based on the confidence level of 80%. In order to test the hypothesis each respondent was given a questionnaire which tested their selfesteem and enquired the amount of time they spent on Facebook, instagram, tik tok, snapchat.

social networks are a way to communicate information, ideas of ways of life. this communication includes harmful effects on the social behavior of young people

No significant relationships.

Goal attainment scaling (GAS) is a method to assess the patient experience of whether a treatment is successful and capture outcomes across a diverse range of goal areas. However, this approach has not yet been used in assessing the treatment of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in Japan. GAS was first developed by Kiresuk and Sherman in the 1968, it is increasingly recognised as a sensitive method for recording patient-centred outcomes throughout the course of treatment.

To demonstrate the effectiveness of vortioxetine on patient’s goal achievement and depressive symptoms, emotional, cognitive, overall function and quality of life.

VGOAL-J is a prospective, multi-center, observational cohort study of outpatients initiating vortioxetine treatment for MDD in Japan. Patients with a diagnosis of MDD according to DSM-5 who are 18 to 65 years will be enrolled from 20 sites in Japan and followed for 24 weeks. A total number of 120 patients is planned for enrolment. Primary outcome measures are GAS-D, WPAI, secondary outcome measures include Montgomery – Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression 5-item (PDQ-D-5), Oxford Depression Questionnaire (ODQ), EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D). Safety will be also assessed with Adverse Events collected during the study.

The results will be disseminated in late 2022 and provide new insights on GAS-D as an effective strategy to assess MDD treatment in Japan.

We expect to observe patients treated with vortioxetine achieving their treatment goals as assessed by GAS-D and improvements on patient- and clinician-reported measures in real-world settings.

Prof. K. Watanabe reports consultancies undertaken for Eli Lilly, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma, Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical, and Takeda Pharmaceutical, honoraria received from Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, J

Depression and suicide risk are disturbing issues within the medical community. In many countries, physician’s mental health is not a concern, due to the fact that many do not even consider medical staff as potential mental health patients. However, health care providers are an at risk population for phycological affliction due to their heavy workload.

We aim to describe the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal risk among medical residents from health centers of Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic.

A cross-sectional descriptive study was made, between the months of February and May 2021, using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-2) and the Plutchick Suicidal Risk Scale.

There was a total population of 507 residents, where 231 completed the survey. Of these, 1 recanted his participation, and 14 were excluded according to the study’s criteria, resultingin a total of 217 residents. The overall prevalence of depressive symptoms was 24.9% and suicidal risk was 22.94%. Residents who worked in a private center had 3.83 times more risk of suffering depressive symptoms compared to those who belonged to the public sector. Furthermore, residents from Internal Medicine (39.5%) had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms, and residents from Anesthesiology (42.2%) suffered a higher suicide risk compared to other medical residences.

A disturbing percentage of the medical residents suffer from depressive symptoms and suicidal risk. Therefore, residency programs should offer assistance to help prevent and manage mental health disorders.

No significant relationships.

Inflammation and neural plasticity play a significant role in major depressive disorder (MDD) pathogenesis and cognitive dysfunction. The olfactory neuroepithelium (ON), closely related to the central nervous system (CNS), allows a non-invasive, low-cost study of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, few studies have used ON cells to ascertain them as biomarkers for MDD.

Determine the relationship between inflammatory/neural plasticity markers and cognitive functioning in MDD patients and healthy controls.

Sample: 9 MDD patients and 7 healthy controls. Exclusion criteria: other Axis I mental disorders (patients) or any mental disorder (controls) and any inflammatory, autoimmune, or CNS diseases. Assessment: sociodemographic, clinical, and cognitive variables (CANTAB) were recorded. mRNA was isolated from ON cells and MAPK14, IL6, TNF-α, Mecp2, BDNF, GSK3, GRIA2, and FosB gene expression levels were quantified using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

MDD patients showed decreased levels of BDNF (p=0.022), GSK3 (p=0.027), and working memory (p=0.024) compared with healthy controls. In healthy controls, planning was positively correlated with NRF2, BDNF, and MAPK14 gene expression. In MDD patients no correlation between cognitive parameters and inflammation/neural plasticity biomarkers was found.

These results reveal that: (1) Plasticity biomarkers such as BDNF and GSK3 could be useful diagnostic tools for MDD (2) MDD is associated with working memory deficits; (3) no association could be determined between planning and NRF2, BDNF, and MAPK14 gene expression in MDD and (4) the ON is a promising model in the study of neuropsychiatric disorders.

No significant relationships.

Studies have shown that physicians manifest a clear duty to work. For parents, reconciling work with parenthood is not easy and can even lead to depression.

To determine the prevalence and the factors for depression in Tunisian physician parents.

This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study of 93 Tunisian physician parents, conducted on google drive in March 2021, including a questionnaire containing the parents’ personal and professional data and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).

In our study, the sex ratio (M/F) was 0.05. The average age was 34.43 years old. Almost three-quarters of doctors (71.3%) were providing on duty services in the hospital while 69% were providing at least one call per month in COVID units. The average BDI score was 6.16. According to the BDI score, 60.9% of participants had depression. The BDI score was correlated with several types of dissatisfaction: dissatisfaction with the relationship with his child (p = 0.002), time devoted to the partner (0.001), time devoted to the child (p = 0.004), child’s educational style (p <0.001), time spent on leisure or personal activities (p <0.001), child’s academic performance (p = 0.001) and child’s behavior (p <0.001). Furthermore, the BDI score was associated with postponing having a child for career reasons (p = 0.038) and thinking that his career is slowed down by parenthood (p <0.001).

Depression’s rate among physician parents appears to be significant. It’s associated with a feeling of guilt and dissatisfaction, hence the necessity of an early detection and management.

No significant relationships.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) often involves immune dysregulation with high peripheral levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines that might have an impact on the clinical course and treatment response. Moreover, MDD patients show brain volume changes and white matter (WM) alterations that are already existing in the early stage of illness.

The aim of the present review is to elucidate the association between inflammation and WM integrity and its impact on the pathophysiology and progression of MDD as well as the role of possible novel biomarkers of treatment response to improve MDD prevention and treatment strategies.

We conducted an electronic literature search of PubMed on studies that examined the role of inflammation in depression and that focused on WM integrity and pro-inflammatory cytokines as predictors of antidepressant response.

There is evidence for central effects of peripheral inflammation which could activate microglia which, in turn, might trigger a cascade of inflammatory processes leading to neurotransmitter imbalances. Numerous studies indicated that both altered levels of peripheral inflammatory markers, particularly TNF-α, IL-6, and CRP as well as WM integrity might predict antidepressant treatment outcome.

Despite mounting evidence on the impact of the immune system on WM microstructure, no study has yet addressed the interaction between the two factors in influencing antidepressant response. There is a lack of reproducible biomarkers predicting treatment response on an individual basis. The availability of such biomarkers would enable more efficient and personalized treatments with a faster treatment response and better prevention of treatment resistance.

No significant relationships.

The long-lasting effects of trauma on mental health and the cumulative effect during the lifetime is one of the great interest in research and applied psychology. However, the effect of cumulative trauma in combination with cognitive biases, such as cognitive rigidity (“all-or-nothing” thinking pattern), on the severity of depression has not been tested yet.

The aim of this study was to analyse these variables, while considering for differential gender effects on a sample of patients with the diagnosis of depressive disorder.

A total sample of 177 patients (137 women) were assessed using the Cumulative Trauma Scale. Cognitive rigidity was measured with the Repertory Grid Technique and severity of depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory.

indicated that high levels of cognitive rigidity and high frequency of perceived negative cumulative trauma predicted depressive symptoms; while high frequency of perceived positive trauma did not predict depressive symptoms. Moreover, gender did not explain variability of depression, and its interaction with frequency of perceived trauma was not significant.

Overall, traumatic cumulative trauma frequency and its negative appraisal are key to the understanding the severity of depression but also cognitive rigidity seemed to be a relevant factor to consider. Thus, these results highlight the need to focus on traumatic and cognitive aspects to increase the efficacy of psychological interventions in depression.

No significant relationships.

The efficacy and of current antidepressants is insufficient. Esketamine, a new antidepressant administered by nasal route, is available since 2019 in the management of resistant characterized depressive episodes.

To evaluate the response profile of patients to Esketamine in our institution specialized in mental health.

We included all patients treated with Esketamine in our institution from November 2019 to September 2021.We collected efficacy and tolerability data using the computerized and paper patient record, prescribing support software, and nursing staff.

Since 2019, we treated 11 patients with Esketamine in combination with an antidepressant as indicated in the MA. Two patients from the 11 were found resistant, three discontinued due to adverse events, four relapsed after an initial clinical response, and two were still ongoing at the end of the study.

Despite an initial and rapid response, our study does not highlight any long-term efficacy of Esketamine in resistant depressive disorder. This highlight the fact that its use in the acute phase of depression or earlier in the management strategy could be a good alternative because of its rapid onset of action. Esketamine was initiated as a last line therapy, which may represent a bias in the evaluation of the molecule, as the later the depression is treated, the lower the response rate. The place of Esketamine in the therapeutic strategy is not yet well determined due to a lack of hindsight, and the question of pharmacological tolerance and dependence on the molecule arises.

No significant relationships.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a common mood disorder diagnosed in children and adolescents. Bright light therapy has been effective for seasonal affective disorders, however its role in the treatment of MDD is under studied.

Our objective is to evaluate if bright light therapy (BLT) is a practical approach in treating Child and Adolescents having MDD.

We performed an extensive literature search using a wide range of MeSH terms in PubMed, PubMed Central and Google Scholar. We reviewed the literature for studies (published between 1983-2021) assessing the efficacy of BLT in the treatment of MDD in children and adolescents.

The final search results yielded 8 randomized clinical trials and 1 case report from 1983 to 2021. BLT showed a superior effect in children and adolescents with MDD compared to the control group in the majority of the randomized trials and a case report. In six studies BLT showed good effect, however in a study by Magnusson et al. and Sonis et al., found a milder degree of improvement in depression symptoms when compared to the control group. In the majority of the studies, patients’ age range was 7 years 18 and in most of the studies, patients were not on antidepressants.

The use of BLT in children and adolescents suffering from MDD can be a promising alternative method of biological treatment, which is effective as well as well tolerated. Future long-term studies on large sample size are necessary in this field.

No significant relationships.

Vitamin D helps in the regulation of neurotransmission and neuroprotection. Therefore, vitamin D deficiency might lead to inactivated receptors and may result in depression.

The study assessed the relation between serum level of vitamin D and severity, symptomatology and cognitive dysfunction of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in a sample of Egyptian patients.

Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D were measured with electro-chemiluminescence binding assay technique in 75 patients with major depressive disorder. Patients were recruited from Psychiatry and Addiction Hospital, Kasr Al Ainy outpatient clinic. Patients were subjected to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders(SCID), Hamilton depression scale (HAM-D), Mini-mental status examination (MMSE), Wechsler memory subtests (story A and paired associate learning test (PALT) ), Benton visual retention test (BVRT) and Trail B test.

94.6% of patients had vitamin D deficiency. There was no significant correlation between levels of vitamin D and severity of depression according to HAM-D. Regarding symptoms of depression, there was a statistically significant difference between levels of vitamin D, being more deficient with decreased concentration, decreased libido and menstrual disturbances. There was no statistically significant correlation between level of vitamin D and cognitive functions tests.

Major depressive disorder was associated with vitamin D deficiency but no statistical significant correlation could be established neither between levels of vitamin D and severity of depression nor between levels of vitamin D and cognitive dysfunction. Vitamin D level was statistically correlated with decreased concentration, decreased libido and menstrual disturbances.

No significant relationships.

Major depressive disorder is a prevalent disease, in which one third of sufferers do not respond to antidepressants. Disturbance in the equilibrium of the gut microbiota has been involved in the pathophysiology of depression. Probiotics have the potential to be well-tolerated and cost-efficient treatment options. However, there is not enough evidence of the impact of probiotics in patients suffering MDD.

The main aim of this revision is to assess those clinical trials that evaluate the effects of probiotic treatment in patients with MDD.

A research on the database PubMed has been done with the terms “probiotics” AND “MDD” and then a systematic review has been performed between those articles meeting the inclusion criteria.

Most of the articles show an improvement of the depressive symptoms in outpatients with mild to moderate TDM after 8 week treatment with probiotics added to the treatment as usual. Those articles assessing inpatients with severe MDD after four weeks of treatment with probiotics added to their usual treatment didn’t find statistical differences between treatment with probiotics from placebo.

Probiotics may be useful in mild to moderate symptoms of MDD after 8 weeks treatment added to usual treatment. Nevertheless, further investigation in larger samples during more time. Moreover, a new awareness is raised about gut- brain axis pathophysiology, that would lead the path to new investigations about this relation so as the difference in depressed patients microbiome, tryptophan metabolism and the pro- inflammatory compounds that reach the blood-brain barrier because of the “leaky-gut”.

No significant relationships.

The National Institute of Mental Health describe the main symptoms of bipolar disorder as alternating episodes of high and low mood. Changes in energy levels, sleep patterns, ability to focus, and other features can dramatically impact a person’s behavior, work, relationships, and other aspects of life. Most people experience mood changes at some time, but those related to bipolar disorder are more intense than regular mood changes, and other symptoms can occur. Some people experience psychosis, which can include delusions, hallucinations, and paranoia.

Through this research we aimed to identify all the special features of bipolar depression which will help the clinical psychiatrists in easier diagnosis and management of the disorder.

Literature review (PubMed)

Clinical Characteristics in Favour of Bipolarity in Depression: psychomotor retardation, history of psychotic depression,history of psychotic depression shortly after giving childbirth, frequent catatonic symptoms, atypical depressive features, severe impairment in interpersonal relationships, inconsistency in business life, history of hypomania, mania or mixed episode,common feeling of numbness and anhedonia; less common sadness and feelings of guilt, mood instability, volatility in temperament, frequent change in affect, daydreaming during the episode and daily life, short duration of depression <3 months, poor cognitive functions during depressive episode, generally similar symptom severity during the day and night etc.

This leads to misdiagnosis of bipolar depression as unipolar depression, which in turn leads to delayed correct diagnosis and treatment and may severely affect the patient’s entire life.

No significant relationships.

Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) presents a significant challenge in clinical practice. Besides antidepressant medications, neurostimulation methods (ECT, rTMS) and ketamine are viable treatment options.

To objectively evaluate the real effectiveness of treatments within interventional psychiatry in the maintenance treatment.

The extensive literature review of the efficacy of ECT, rTMS, and ketamine treatment in the maintenance treatment of TRD and the author’s clinical and research experience will be included in this presentation.

Neurostimulation, particularly ECT and ketamine treatment are usually effective treatments for patients with TRD. However, both of these treatment modalities do not have sustained benefits and after discontinuing treatment the majority of patients relapse. Ketamine has rapid therapeutic effects in depression, but these effects are short-lived. Continuation treatment with ketamine in the form of intranasal ketamine is an option, but concerns over cognitive impairment, interstitial cystitis and significant addictive potential related to longer use of ketamine are significant limiting factors. rTMS is a first-line treatment option for patients with TRD according to the Canadian CANMAT guidelines. However, the majority of patients may relapse following the course of rTMS. The maintenance rTMS over an extended period of time is usually not feasible as it may significantly affect the waiting time for newly referred patients. Portable TMS machine for home use would be an alternative option for a limited number of patients.

Maintenance treatment has been always a big clinical challenge in mood disorder psychiatry. Only well-established multimodal treatment is a realistic option for getting long-term benefits in treating patients with TRD.

No significant relationships.

Working Alliance is defined as the emotional bond and the agreement on therapeutic goals and tasks between patients and therapists. Despite the wide use of the construct of working alliance in research on psychotherapy, few studies have investigated the role of working alliance in influencing adherence to pharmacotherapy, and drug attitude. A deeper knowledge of the interplay between working alliance and drug attitude could help to challenge low adherence to psychopharmacological treatments in Major Depressive Disorder.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between working alliance and drug attitude in patients with Major Depressive Disorder.

27 patients admitted in the Psychiatric Unit of Careggi with diagnosis of Major Depressive Disorders were enrolled. Working Alliance Inventory - patient version (WAI-P), Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI) and Beliefs about Medicines (BMQ) were administered. Pearson’s correlation was used to assess relationships between variables.

A significant positive correlation was detected between BMQ total scores, DAI total scores and WAI-P task, bond, and goal subscales.

Such preliminary data suggest a relationship between Working Alliance and drug attitude. This could contribute to provide tools to challenge low adherence to psychopharmacological treatments in patients with Major Depressive Disorder.

No significant relationships.

Because of different phenotypic approaches, data on depression prevalence is variable and controversial.

The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of different depressive phenotypes in the Russian population (DSM criteria based self-report vs HADS questionnaire).

The data was from the on-line survey of 5116 clients of Genotek Ltd. (males - 50,63%; age - Me=35 (Q1-30;Q3-42)). The survey included questions on sex, age; sel-report adapted major depression DSM-V criteria questionnaire and depression subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.

DSM Major depression phenotype was detected with moderately-high prevalence - 17,67% (N=904). The DSM depression phenotype was more prevalent in women (22,72%) compared to men (12,74%, p<0,001) and in younger individuals (10,18%, p<0,001) compared to older ones (6,16%). HADS-D clinical depression phenotype (score>11) was less prevalent (3,4%) with no significant differences for sex and age. However, the prevalence increased with HADS-D subclinical scores (>8) - 14,97%. HADS-D scores were higher in DSM-depression phenotype individuals compared to ones without DSM phenotype (5,822(3,221) vs. 3,893(2,437), p< 0,001).

Our results showed variable prevalence of depression with different phenotypic approaches. The differences could be associated with the clinical severity of the symptoms and the life-time evaluation in DSM compared to only current symptoms for HADS. Further research is needed to understand the factors affecting the phenotyping approaches and providing the most effective and valid instrument for depression prevalence evaluation. Research is supported by an RSF grant №20-15-00132.

Research is supported by an RSF grant №20-15-00132.

Attachment style is defined by the American Psychological Association as “the characteristic way people relate to others in the context of intimate relationships”. Four attachment styles have been described: secure, fearful, preoccupied, and dismissing. While the effect of attachment style on psychotherapy was widely investigated, few studies have investigated its role in determining beliefs about medicines in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between preoccupied attachment style and beliefs about medicines in patients with MDD.

27 patients admitted in the Psychiatric Unit of Careggi with diagnosis of MDD were enrolled. Working Alliance Inventory - patient version (WAI-P), Relationship Style Questionnaire (RSQ) and Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ) were administered. An ANCOVA model having BMQ total score as dependent variable and age, sex, RSQ preoccupied attachment subscale and WAI-P task subscale as predictors was considered. WAI-P task was intended to assess the role of agreement on therapeutic choices.

The overall model was significant (F(4,22)=9,571, P<0.001) and explained 66.8% of BMQ total score variance (R2=0.668). Both RSQ preoccupied attachment subscale (B=3.331, t(22)=3.907, p=0.001) and WAI-P task subscale (B=0.238, t(22)=4.565, p<0.001) showed a positive correlation with BMQ total scores. RSQ preoccupied attachment subscale explained 44.6% of variance of BMQ total scores (partial η2=0.446), WAI-P task explained 52.3% of variance of BMQ total scores (partial η2= 0.523). Age (B=0.059, t(22)=1.588, p=0.129) and sex (F(1,22)=0.035, p=0.854) had no significant effect.

These preliminary data suggest a possible influence of preoccupied attachment style on beliefs about medicines in patients with MDD.

No significant relationships.

Mood disorders (MDs) are associated with somatic diseases and tend to aggregate in families. But there are limited studies on the risk of somatic diseases for relatives of patients with MDs.

To assess whether a patient’s mood disorder diagnosis is associated with a family history of somatic disorders.

This cross-sectional family study included 36 patients with MDs (66.7% women; age - 32 [11.2] years) and 68 of their relatives, and 23 healthy individuals (56,5% women; age - 30.5 [6.9] years) and 53 of their relatives. A Pearson’s χ2 test was used to compare the frequencies of family history of somatic disease. Logistic regression models were used to determine the independent association of MDs, after adjusting for the effects of sex, age, with binary characteristics.

Individuals with and without MDs had different frequencies of family history of cardiovascular (66,7% vs. 43,4%; p=0,03) and endocrinological diseases (47,2% vs. 39,1%; p=0,04). There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of family history of gastrointestinal, pulmonary, urogenital and musculoskeletal diseases (p>0,05). Logistic regression revealed that MDs diagnosis in patients was a risk factor for cardiovascular (p=0.03, OR=3.5) and endocrinological disease (p=0.04, OR=3.7) in their relatives.

MDs are associated with the aggregation of somatic diseases in families. Future research is needed to clarify the biological reasons for this association.

No significant relationships.

Inhibitory control is the executive function component which underlies one’s ability to maintain goal-directed behavior by inhibiting prepotent responses or ignoring irrelevant information. Recent models suggest that impaired inhibition of negative information may contribute to depressive symptoms, and that this association is mediated by rumination. However, the exact nature of this association, particularly in non-clinical samples, is unclear.

The goal of the current study was to assess the relationship between inhibitory control over emotional vs. non-emotional information, rumination and depressive symptoms.

A non-clinical sample of 119 participants (mean age: 36.44 ± 11.74) with various levels of depressive symptoms completed three variations of a Go/No-Go task online; two of the task variations required either explicit or implicit processing of emotional expressions, and a third variation contained no emotional expressions (i.e., neutral condition).

We found that for participants who reported elevated depressive symptoms, their inhibitory control ability was reduced for all three task variations, relative to less depressed participants. However, for the task variation that required implicit emotion processing (rather than explicit), depressive symptoms were associated with inhibitory deficits for sad and neutral, but not for happy facial expressions. An exploratory analysis showed that the relationship between inhibition and depressive symptoms occurs in part through trait rumination for all three tasks, regardless of emotional content.

Collectively, these results indicate that elevated depressive symptoms are associated with both a general inhibitory control deficit, as well as affective interference from negative emotions, with implications for the assessment and treatment of mood disorders.

No significant relationships.

Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) with acute suicidal ideation or behavior (MDSI) require immediate intervention. Though oral antidepressants can be effective at reducing depressive symptoms, they can take 4–6 weeks to reach full effect.

This study aimed to identify unmet needs in the treatment of patients with MDSI, specifically exploring the potential clinical benefits of rapid reduction of depressive symptoms.

A Delphi panel consisting of practicing psychiatrists (n=12) from the US, Canada and EU was conducted between December 2020–June 2021. Panelists were screened to ensure they had sufficient experience with managing patients with MDD and MDSI. Panelists completed two survey rounds, and a virtual consensus meeting.

This research confirmed current unmet needs in the treatment of patients with MDSI.

Hopelessness, functional impairment, worsening of MDD symptoms, recurrent hospitalization and higher risk of suicide attempt were considered as key consequences of the slow onset of action of oral antidepressants.

Treatment with rapid acting antidepressant was anticipated by panelists to provide short-term benefit such as rapid reduction of core MDD symptoms which may contribute to shorter hospital stays and improved patient engagement/compliance, allowing for earlier interventions and improved patient outcomes. For long-term benefits, panelists agreed that improved daily functioning and increased trust/confidence in treatment options, constitute key benefits of rapid-acting treatments

There is need for rapid-acting treatments which may help address key unmet needs and provide clinically meaningful benefits driven by the rapid relief of depressive symptoms particularly in patients with MDSI.

SB, ED, KJ, MO’H, QZ, MM, MH, SR, JA and DZ are employees of Janssen and hold stock in Johnson & Johnson Inc. AN is currently employed by Neurocrine Biosciences Inc. RP is an employee of Adelphi Values PROVE hired by Janssen.