The DSM-5 defines dissociation as “disruption of and/or discontinuity in the normal integration of consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, perception, body representation, motor control, and behavior”. The disorders in this group include depersonalization/derealization disorder, dissociative amnesia, and dissociative identity disorder, the last being a controversial entity.

Dissociative disorders are associated with elevated levels of disability, impaired quality of life, high economic cost, and a significantly increased risk of suicide attempts.

In this work we present the case of a 21-year-old man that was assisted in the Emergency Room with dissociative symptoms. We intend to do a non-systematic review on the subject of dissociation symptoms, the psychiatric disorders in which they are present, identified risk factors, how to access the psychopathology features and the recommended treatment to best address them.

For a comprehensive approach of this subject we proceeded to a non-systematic review in PubMed using the following keywords “dissociation”, “dissociative identity disorder” and “dissociative disorders”.

In this work we present the case of a 21-year-old man assisted in the Emergency Room describing dissociative symptoms that were suggestive of Dissociative identity disorder. He referred out-of-body experiences and a sense that he was not controlling his actions while self-injuring himself and being aggressive towards his family. He described “three Selfs”: the “Normal Self”, the “Suicidal Self” and the “Bad Self”.

Symptoms of dissociation are present in a variety of mental disorders namely depression, anxiety disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, borderline personality disorder and eating disorders.

Dissociative disorders appear to be linked to trauma, interpersonal stress, and strongly associated with a history of chronic child abuse. An association with alexithymia, depression and suicidality were also found. Some studies found structural and functional abnormalities, particularly a reduction in grey matter volume in limbic system structures, a dysregulation of prefrontal–limbic circuitry and dysfunction of the hypothalamic–pituitary-adrenal axis.

Psychotherapy appears to be the cornerstone of treatment for dissociative disorders, namely Cognitive-Behavior therapy and Eye-movement desensitization and reprocessing.

Symptoms of dissociation are not only present in dissociative disorders, but they may be present in almost all mental disorders. The evaluation of possible dissociative symptoms should be a part of every psychopathological assessment. There is a need for further studies to better understand this diagnostic entity and improve the therapeutic intervention.

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Catatonia is a complex psychomotor syndrome that often goes unrecognized and, consequently, untreated. Prompt and correct identification of catatonia allows for highly effective treatment and prevention of possible complications. Benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are the most widely studied treatment methods. However, no uniform treatment method has yet been brought forward and no previous attempts to treat catatonia on a patient suffering concomitant major depressive disorder (MDD) with NMDA receptor antagonists have been documented so far.

To describe the unknown and novel management of catatonia and MDD with intranasal esketamine, a NMDA receptor antagonist.

A 55-year-old woman with a diagnosis of long-standing recurrent major depressive disorder who was admitted to the psychiatric inpatient unit of UniversityHospital Marqués de Valdecilla (Santander, Spain) suffering a complex catatonic, mutative state framed on a severe MDD. Different ineffective therapeutic interventions were deployed during the course of her illness. After failing to improve under conventional pharmacological treatment and ECT, and given the complexity of peripheral venous access on this patient (which disabled the option for iv ketamine use), we decided to initiate compassionate treatment with intranasal esketamine.

Intranasal esketamine was effective in the resolution of patient’s complex catatonic state. Clinical response from catatonia was observed after 6 intranasal esketamine administrations (2-week follow-up), reaching full catatonia and MDD remission after 12 sessions in absence of significant adverse events

Esketamine showed promising effectiveness for the treatment of catatonia in the context of MDD, although further research on this topic is needed.

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Work is a sine qua non condition of “normal” life for most people, since it is the main source of income, feelings and social integration (Méda, 2007). It is an important factor of socialization, as well as an identity provider (Agulló, 1998). Identity was assumed as a constant construction process in which the person is positioned and recognized, and which has an important relationship with the dimensions of the role (Scheibe, 1995). All this in a context of insertion into the labor market for young people, which is usually framed in informality.

Describe the dimensions of the role and identity of the young informal worker in the tourism sector of Santa Marta

This was a qualitative study, with a phenomenological design. The participants were selected for convenience, and the sample size was determined by the saturation criterion. A total of nine young informal workers participated. The semi-structured interview and the content analysis technique were used for data analysis.

The dimensions of status, involvement and assessment allowed us to deduce that the role played by young people was central in the description and construction of their identity, as well as the implications and the place occupied by the tourist, the family and co-workers in the activity that they carry out. develop, because they are the ones who validate and motivate people to stay and mobilize in that work context, expressing “So I tried when the tourist managed to capture my attention I started explaining about the…” (P4). That these dimensions are high indicates that there is a close relationship between role and identity.

If identity is read from the social positions that are recognized by others (Scheibe, 1999), particularly the findings of this research showed that characters such as family, tourists, co-workers and friends intervene significantly in the recognition of the roles assumed, which makes the young person stay in this activity and market, as well as find satisfaction in it. Through the dimensions of the role, it was evidenced that at work it is possible to configure the identity of young people. For Lucena et al. (2018) when a person who does part of this type of work and refers to it, is talking about himself.

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Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is a debilitating and controversial psychiatric disorder with a lifetime prevalence estimated around 1,5%. It remains underdiagnosed despite recognition in international classification of mental disorders. In fact, based on the DSM-5 criteria, DID is characterised by two or more distinct personality states that coincide, with fluctuating consciousness and changing access to autobiographical memory. The aetiology of DID has long been debated with recent neuroimaging evidence supporting the trauma model of this condition.

The aim of this presentation is to describe the case of a young female diagnosed with DID related to childhood trauma.

We also conducted a literature review in order to discuss the aetiology of the disorder. The following keywords were searched through the pubmed website: dissociative identity disorder, trauma, aetiology.

We report the case of a 20 years old female with no past medical, nor psychiatric history. However, she had a family history of an uncle and an aunt with chronic psychosis. Her father died when she was 8, thus she lived with her mother and her brother and two sisters. She was a brilliant student and started engineering studies. She has no particular personality trait. She was raised within a strict religious family with little time dedicated to leisure activities. Importantly, since the age of 10, she was exposed to her mother’s religious extremist and threatening discourses, related to death and “grave’s torture” and comprising many cultural beliefs. She seeks for psychiatric care complaining of “soliloquy” that became remarkable by her relatives. On psychiatric evaluation she presented daily fluctuating consciousness during at least one hour, in which she switches identity toward the daughter of a famous singer. This alter was having pleasant activity with her mother and was singing and hanging out most of the time. No particular triggers were identified. The trouble started by the age of 14 then worsened gradually and became an unvoluntary phenomenon with significant distress. She had no depressive nor psychotic nor anxiety or obsessive symptoms. Her sleep and appetite were not disturbed. She met DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for DID and was referred to a trained psychiatrist for adequate psychotherapy management.

We exposed a rare case of a young student complaining of soliloquy since the age of 14 that was diagnosed with DID subsequent to a particular childhood trauma which consisted in exposure to threatening religious and cultural beliefs about life after death told by her mother. This unique case emphasises the trauma model of DID, where the nature of the trauma influences the clinical expression of DID. Given the recent neuroimaging evidence, DID can be framed as a chronic psychiatric disorder based on neurobiological, cognitive, and interpersonal non-integration as a response to unbearable stress.

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Oligodendroglioma is a rare form of glioma developing in oligodendrocytes which are glial cells. Oligodendrogliomas are divided into two types; benign oligodendrogliomas and anaplastic oligodendrogliomas; the malignant form.

The aim of our study is to detect the cognitive troubles caused by a frontal anaplasic oligodendroglioma in a man admitted to the neurosurgery department at the Specialties Hospital, Rabat, Morocco.

A case study was realized among a man aged of 46 years , suffering from frontal right anaplasic oligodendroglioma, with no medical and surgical history and who presented since two months headaches and forgetfulness, and presented two hours ago a fortuitous epileptic seizure followed by notion of amnesia for 5 min. At the admission, the patient was conscious, the glasgow score was of 15 and did not present a motor deficit. Cognitively, the patient was confused. We decided then to make him pass the MOCA test to evaluate his cognitive state as soon as he was admitted to our service and before the surgical act .

After passing the MOCA Test, our patient had a score of 4/30. The results in detail gave 0/5 in the visuospatial/executive part, 3/3 in the naming part, 0/6 in the attention part, 1/3 in the language part, 0/2 in the abstraction part, 0/5 in the memory part and 0/6 in the orientation part. The score of 4/30 is less than 10/30 and shows a severe cognitive impairment.

According to his wife, his cognitive state was normal before the epileptic seizure and had a normal life.

The frontal anaplastic oligodendroglioma in this patient case deteriorated his cognitive state rapidly. 13 days after surgery and excision of this tumor, the patient’s cognitive state improved, the Moca score became 12/30, which is in the area of moderate cognitive impairment. The patient is currently continuing his treatment in an oncology department.

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Corticosteroids are certainly an efficacious treatment for several inflammatory and immunologic disorders. However, their abuse can lead to dangerous consequences such as psychiatric complications. Physicians and Psychiatrists should cooperate to treat and prevent, if possible, the deleterious adverse psychiatric effects of corticosteroids.

to describe a patient whose psychotic symptoms occured within 2 weeks of starting corticosteroid abuse, to review the literature and to suggest treatment.

To present a case of a female young patient suffering from corticosteroid-induced psychosis due to corticosteroid abuse and review case report data published during the past quarter-century on adverse corticosteroid-induced psychiatric effects.

The patient was investigated to exclude other causes of her psychosis and she was treated with chlorpromazine and Risperidone. Numerous cases investigating these psychiatric corticosteroid-induced symptoms were identified. Data on incidence, drug dose, onset of symptoms, course of illness and treatment were arranged.

Corticosteroid abuse should be put in the spotlight especially for young Tunisian females desiring to look plump. This misjudged abuse may have sever psychiatric complications. Thus we should establish strategies of prevention and cure to these psychiatric complications

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Death is a complex construct to understand as it is influenced by the perceptions that HCP may have regarding end of life. Understanding these perceptions helps in addressing death anxiety in HCP which can otherwise negatively influence physician well-being and patient interactions such as breaking bad news.

To identify association between attitudes towards death among HCP and their perceived well-being.

This is a cross-sectional study on 109 HCP including nurses (n=29), physicians (n=43), resident (n=25) and interns (n=12) across various specialties at AKU. Death anxiety was assessed through the death attitude profile revised scale and its correlation was seen with the perception of one’s own wellbeing through Perceived well-being scale. A semi-structured pro-forma was used to collect demographic data.

The results showed that death anxiety was highest in interns (150.83 ± 17.94) followed by nurses (139 ± 20.67), residents (137.84 ± 15.79) and physicians (137.99 ± 21.59) and perceived well-being was lowest in interns (71.00 ± 10.10) followed by nurses (72.41 ± 10.43), residents (74.16 ± 12.83) and physicians (75.98 ± 12.19). The results of this study demonstrated a negative correlation between death anxiety and perceived well-being.

The negative correlation between death anxiety and perceived well-being suggest that health care professionals are most vulnerable in the preliminary years of their career. It is therefore recommended that psychology of death and dying is given equal weightage in medical curriculum to enable physicians deal effectively with the trauma of bereavement and loss relating to or patients.

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Several psychiatric signs are part of non-motor signs of parkinson’s disease (PD), including alexithymia.

The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of alexithymia in patients with PD and to study factors associated with it.

Descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study collected from patients followed at the neurology consultation of Habib Bourguiba’s University Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia. We used:

• - A sociodemographic, clinicaland therapeutic datasheetincludingthe Hoehn and Yahr motor scalefor the staging of the functional disability associated with PD

• - The Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) with a cutoff score = 61

We recruited 47 patients. The average age was 61.47 years with a sex ratio (M/W) = 1.47. The average age of onset of the disease was 51.97 years. Sleep disorders were present in 51.1% of cases.41 patients (87.23%) were treated with dopa therapy. An Hoehn and Yahr stage ≥ 3 was found in 25.5% of patients.

TAS: The mean score was 47.38 and alexithymia frequency was 19.1%.

Alexithymia was statistically correlated with the presence of sleep disorders (P=0.023) and with an Hoehn and Yahr stage ≥ 3 (p=0.039).The occurrence of alexithymia was not significantly associated with taking dopatherapy (P= 0.31).

Alexithymia has been quite frequent in patients with PD and associated with motor gravityand sleep disorders. It is considered as a non-motor symptom of the disease that needs to be treated promptly.

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A healthy microbiota should be on all our Christmas lists this year. There is compelling evidence that good gut health is associated with better mental health, especially important during these cold winters. To spark some joy during this time, many of us enjoy a festive film and we can probably admit we also overindulge during the festive season.

We aim to investigate “what is the impact of festive cinematic diets on the gut microbiota?”.

We identified films and broke down the festive meals into their constituents. Using our MINCE PIE (Microbiota INdex of Comparative Evaluation for Pictorial Infographic Evidence) scoring equation (=Microbiota Enhancing Food Groups - Microbiota Detrimental Food Groups), we formulated scores for 12 festive films. We sought to rate meals in each film to assess their relative ability to enhance the gut microbiotia.

Most festive films contained meals or foods from a typical “Western diet” i.e., high sugar/high fat. These meals overall show negative effects. However some films did promote diets containing a cornucopia of fibre, beneficial proteins or polyphenols. These are the gifts under the Christmas tree for our microbiota.

Good balance is needed in our microbiota, and consequently influences our mental health. Many festive films portray a “Western diet”, which leads to dysbiosis. Through the gut-brain axis and the influence of media, the festive foods eaten in these films (maybe an extra chocolate biscuit during Love Actually) may cause stress to our microbiota.

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Burnout is a syndrome that results from chronic stress at work, with several consequences to workers’ well-being and health. It is included in the 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as an occupational phenomenon and is described in the chapter «Factors influencing health status or contact with health services», which includes reasons for which people contact health services but that are not classed as illnesses or health conditions. Burnout isn’t classified as a medical condition.

To assess the consequences of health professionals’ burnout: it’s impact at personal and professional level.

Non-systematic literature review, available in English, using the PubMed database. Key search terms included burnout; physician; psychiatrist; healthcare; depression; suicide.

Burnout is a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. It is characterized by three dimensions: feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion; increased mental distance from one’s job, or feelings of negativism or cynicism related to one’s job; and reduced professional efficacy. Burnout is particularly common on physicians and in other health professionals, like nurses. This problem represents a public health crisis with negative impacts on individual health professionals, patients and healthcare organizations and systems. Systems factors that play a role in burnout include work compression, demands of electronic health records, production pressure and lack of control over one’s professional life.

Physician burnout is an under-recognized and under-reported problem, and, unfortunately, physicians often do not recognize symptoms of burnout, and even less often do they seek help. Burnout refers specifically to phenomena in the occupational context and should not be applied to describe experiences in other areas of life. There are different clinical forms of burnout and various therapeutic strategies. The individual and social impacts of burnout highlight the need for preventive interventions and early identification of this health condition in the work environment. Psychiatrists play a key role in the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of burnout.

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Tardive dyskinesia is finally diagnosed, it is a drug-induced hyperkinetic movement disorder associated with the use of dopamine receptor blocking agents, including first and second generation antipsychotic drugs, metoclopramide and prochlorperazine. Typically, the first-generation antipsychotics with increased dopamine D2 receptor affinity are affiliated with a higher risk of inducing tardive dyskinesia.

The most common manifestations of TD involve spontaneous movements of the mouth and tongue, but the arms, legs, trunk, and respiratory muscles may also be affected. Less commonly, the prominent feature is dystonia involving a focal area of the body such as the neck. TD can be irreversible and lifelong, with significant negative impacts on psychological health and quality of life.

Clinical review and treatment approach for tardive dyskinesia.

Clinical case and literature review.

A 54-year-old male comes due to involuntary movements of a month of evolution in the tongue and lips that “he cannot control” and generates significant discomfort and anxiety. He reports occipital headache and at the level of both temporomandibular joints that does not wake him up at night or change its characteristics with postural changes. Reviewing the treatment describe that the patient was in treatment for at least 6 months without being able to specify the end of treatment (January to June 2021) Clebopride-Climethicone. This finding inclines the diagnosis towards an orolingual dyskinesia probably secondary to Orthopramides. Discharge was decided with treatment and follow-up in Neurology and Psychiatry consultations.

The diagnosis and management of tardive dyskinesia are best made with an interprofessional team. In most cases, the primary clinician may suspect the diagnosis during follow-up. Movement disorders like tardive dyskinesias are frequently aggravated by the use of drugs that block dopamine. In susceptible patients, even a single dose of an anti-dopaminergic drug can quickly develop disabling movement disorders.

Currently the american academy of neurology recommends few treatments such as tetrabenazine or clonazepam. The first treatment for tardive dyskinesia has recently been approved, such as Velbazine, a vesicular monoamine transport type 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor, the extent of its use remains to be seen.

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Risk evaluation is a global process covering different aspects of employee’s workandfamily life. Nowadays, psychosocial risks are as important as physical and chemical risks, and their identification isdeterminant in each workplace.

Our study aimed to assess psychosocial risks among Electricity and Gas Company’s employees and to identify factors related to these risks.

A cross sectional study was conducted among male workers in a Tunisian electricity and gas Company. The KRASEK scale was used to assess psychosocial risks. The Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 23.

Among male workers in the company, 83 employees participated in this study. The mean age of our population was 41.28 years± 12.12 years. Manuel labour was identified in 67.5% of cases. High psychological demands were reported by 63.9% of the employees. The assessment of decision latitude dimension identified low autonomy at work in 54.2% of cases. The mean social support scale was 23.73± 4.18. Job strain was identified among 32.5% of participants. Among employees in job strain, twenty-one subjects (77.8%) were affected in the technical division and 21.7% were in “iso strain”. Job strain and iso strain were associated with sedentary workers aged less than 45 years, p values were 0.006 (OR= 5.474; IC 95% [1.477-20.290]) and 0.010 (OR= 4.917; IC 95% [1.353-17.872]) respectively. However, Iso strain was negatively associated with being married (p=0.038) (0.0327 IC 95% [0.111-0.964]).

This study highlighted the importance of psychosocial risks in this company. The identification of these risks in the workplace may further help preventers to recommend proper interventions to offer employees a supportive work environment and to enhance their personal and professional well-being.

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HIV infection presents complications that may include neuropsychiatric symptoms and whose management is important to avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment.

This case aims to highlight the importance of assessing HIV comorbidity in patients with psychiatric onset pathology.

Case report and literature review.

We present the case of a patient diagnosed with HIV in 1985, who after 20 years of disease with irregular adherence begins to present delusional ideation of harm and self-referential, control experiences, thought diffusion phenomena, and possible auditory hallucinations, with poor evolution despite the establishment of numerous antipsychotic treatments, which evolves over the years towards a confabulatory character and with progressive neuropsychological deterioration. After numerous admissions, and despite several treatments, the patient developed over time memory failures, bradypsychia, gait disturbances, and difficulties in self-care, which further aggravated his condition by hindering therapeutic adherence, which ended with the patient’s chronic institutionalization. Diagnosis was AIDS dementia complex.

HIV hardly replicates in the central nervous system but generates antigenemia which, in turn, generates an inflammatory infiltrate that can cause diffuse involvement, predominantly subcortical and limbic system. Usually, the dementia-AIDS picture is insidious and develops in patients with poor control of the primary disease. It is recommended to optimize antiretroviral therapy and neuroprotective agents, as well as symptomatic treatment by psychiatry.

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Although evidence of cannibalism in humans dates back millennia, for most civilized societies, it is an unthinkable act of violence and strictly taboo. It is commonly relegated to the domain of horror films and literature, often associated with the likes of Jeffrey Dahmer or Hannibal Lecter. However, for some, this theme encompasses a pathological or sexual realm. Vorarephilia or sexual cannibalism is, at its simplest level, a psychosexual disorder characterized by the erotic desire to be consumed by, or to personally consume, another human being´s flesh.

The authors aim to review human sexual cannibalism as a concept and its eventual relationship to mental illness with recourse to the description of cases of human cannibalism documented in the literature.

A brief non-systematized literature review utilizing various databases including Pubmed and Google Scholar, as well as complimentary literature and case reports when pertinent to the theme was performed.

Although cannibalism is a common phenomenon in the animal kingdom, its expression in humans is assumed to be a minority occurrence and relegated to stories of a more primal past. Pathological cannibalism is an extremely rare occurrence and has been described in association with severe psychotic mental illness and extreme forms of significant paraphilia. Sexual cannibalism appears as a rarity in humans and although the majority with this paraphilia do not partake in actual human consumption, remaining a fantasy-based desire, cases of cannibalism have been reported and tried.

Eating the flesh of one’s own species is probably one of the few remaining taboos in modern human societies. In humans, cannibalism is a rare occurrence and has been associated with mental illness. Due to the rarity of this phenomenon, with few cases documented in the literature, the underlying etiology, as well as potential environmental and individual risk factors are still to be defined, indicating a potential for further study.

None Declared

Anxiodepressive disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are quite frequent and considered as non-motor signs of the disease. Few studies have studied the link between these entities.

The objective of this study is to determinate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with PD, and factors associated with them

A descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study collected from patients followed at the neurology consultation of Habib Bourguiba’s university Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia. We used:

• - a sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutic data sheet

• - Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS): to study anxiety and depression. A score ≥10 means a certain anxiety or depression

We have involved 47 patients. The average age was 61.47 years with a sex ratio (M/W)=1,47. Amantadine was received by 12.77% of patients, anticholinergics by 14.9% of patients and 87.24% of patients were treated with Levodopa.

HADS: the average scale of Depression was8.62 ± 4.54 and the median scaleanxiety was 7 [1-18]. Depression and anxiety were presentin 38.29% and 27.68% of cases, respectively. Depression was significantly correlated with Amantadine intake (P=0.036) and Levodopa dose (P=0.016). Anxiety was significantly associated with anticholinergic intake(P=0.011).Both depression and anxiety were notstatistically correlated to the presence ofmotor complications of dopa therapy (P= 0.44 and 0.7 respectively)

The therapeutic management of patients with PD influences the occurrence of anxiety and depression, which proves the importance of early detection of these disordersto ensure better support

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A popular genre of television shows is medical dramas. Although the primary objective of watching these shows is entertainment, acquiring medical knowledge is a passive by-product. Surgical procedures constitute a large part of the storyline of these shows. This could either serve as a source of medical knowledge or provide false information, the effect being especially important in individuals with no prior medical exposure.

This study aims to assess the impact medical TV shows can have on the surgical knowledge of non-healthcare students and the difference in knowledge between different demographic groups (among those with relatives in the medical community and those without).

A cross-sectional study was conducted among the non-healthcare students of Lahore, Pakistan. A self-administered questionnaire was used containing socio-demographic factors (age, gender, educational discipline), history, and hours of medical TV shows watched. It also contained ten questions each with a score of 1 to assess surgical knowledge. Data was analyzed using SPSS v.26.

Among the 1097 respondents, 450 (41%) had a history of watching medical TV shows. The majority, 319 (29.1%), had seen these shows for < 24 hours. The mean score of all respondents was 5.79 out of a maximum score of 10. Respondents with a history of watching medical TV shows were more knowledgeable than those who did not (p < 0.001). Similarly, respondents with a history of watching more hours of medical TV shows were more knowledgeable than those who watched for a lesser number of hours (p < 0.001). Respondents with relatives in the healthcare profession were also more knowledgeable than those without (p = 0.049).

If properly developed, while maintaining their primary entertainment value, medical TV shows can also be used as efficient learning tools. Quality controls must also be applied to minimize the risk of false information.

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Occupational exposure to organic solvents can have multiple health effects for exposed employees.Neuropsychic effects represent an important part of these effects and have a significant impact on patients’ ability to work

• - To describe the socio-professional and medical characteristics of workers exposed to organic solvents

• - To screen among the study population for neuropsychological effects related to an organic psychosyndrome using the Q16 questionnaire.

A retrospective descriptive study of workers exposed to organic solvents, who were referred to the occupational medicine department of Charles Nicolle Hospital in Tunis for a medical assessment of their fitness for work over the period from 2016 to 2022. The socio-professional data were collected from the medical records. The Swedish Q16 questionnaire in its French version was used to screen for neuropsychological signs of organic psycho-syndrome.

A total of 37 workers were included. The mean age was 45.38 ± 8.63 years with a clear male predominance (77%). The mean occupational seniority was 21.39 ± 11.11 years. The average duration of the occupational exposure to organic solvents was 18.25 ± 11.29 years. The most represented sectors of activity were the plastics industry (11%), the automotive industry (19%), the carpentry sector (14%) and the aeronautics sector (9%). Our population was represented by polyvalent workers in 49% of cases and by painter in 24% of cases. Psychiatric history was noted in only one case. The main functional signs reported by the workers were wheezing dyspnea with breathing difficulties (13%) and headaches (11%).

The Q16 questionnaire was found to be positive in 65% of the cases, with a higher rate of positivity for the items relating to unusual fatigue (73%), irritability for no particular reason (67%), short memory (64%) and headaches (58%). Acquired dyschromatopsia detected by a Lanthony test was found in 39% of the cases, 23% of which was associated with a positive Q16 questionnaire. Additional exploration by specific psychotechnical tests was carried out in five cases, all of which came back positive with significant attentional and cognitive impairment.

A declaration of an occupational disease according to the Table n°23 (Halogenated derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons) and Table n°40 (other liquid organic solvents for professional use) of the Tunisian list of occupational diseases eligible for compensation was made in three and two cases respectively. A definitive exemption from exposure to organic solvents was indicated for all workers with a positive Q16 questionnaire.

Exposure to organic solvents is a risk encountered in various occupational sectors. Thus, education of the employees to the dangers encountered with a reinforcement of the collective and individual technical protection means are essential in order to avoid their detrimental effects on health.

None Declared

Mental disorders, musculoskeletal diseases (MSDs) and their comorbidities are major threats to work and functional ability. The relationship between mental health and the common MSDs has not received enough attention

To study the socio-professional characteristics of workers suffering from work related MSD

To evaluate the association of work related MSDs with anxiety and depression disorders

A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among workers with work-related MSDs who consulted the occupational medicine department of the Charles Nicolle Hospital between January 2022 and September 2022. A remote survey was conducted among these workers to screen for anxiety and depressive disorders using the Hospital anxiety and Depressive Scale

The study population consisted of 54 workers with MSDs with a sex ratio (M/F) of 0.74. The average age was 44.4 [27-61 years]. The average professional seniority was 14.9 years±7 years and the sectors with the highest prevalence of MSDs were the health sector (22%), the food industry (13%) and the textile industry (11%). The workers reported MSDs of the lumbar spine in 61%, gonarthrosis in 31%, followed by MSDs of the upper limb in 25%. The prevalence of anxiety and depressive disorders were respectively 46% and 38%. There was no significant association between socio-demographic factors and anxiety depressive disorders. The anxiety disorder was associated with MSDs of the lumbar spine (p: 0.05; OR: 0.32 CI95% [0.1-1.09]).

Anxiety and depressive disorders were common among workers with MSDs related to work. Interventions targeting psychological distress and work-related psychosocial characteristics may reduce their musculoskeletal pain.

None Declared

The Autonomous Sensory Meridian (ASMR) is a static or tingling sensation on the skin that usually starts on the scalp and runs through the back of the neck and upper spine. It has been compared to tactile auditory synesthesia and may overlap with shivering. It is a subjective experience of “low-grade euphoria”, characterized by “a combination of positive feelings and a static tingling sensation on the skin”. It is most commonly triggered by auditory or visual stimuli, and less commonly by intentional attentional control.

To determine the effects produced by the perception of ASMR in the population with mental disorders.

A literature review was carried out in Pubmed using the descriptors: “ASMR” AND “mental”. 7 results are obtained. The results of a time limit of 10 years were filtered, obtaining 6 results and selecting all of them for their relevance to the PICO question. Subsequently, the search was repeated using the same descriptors and time limit in the Cochrane Library and NICE, in which no results were found.

The first result, an RCT of 475 people between the ages of 18 and 54, showed that 80% of the participants answered positively when asked if ASMR has an effect on their mood, while 14% were not sure and 6 % felt ASMR did not alter their mood. When subjected to a mixed ANOVA with factors for time (before, during, immediately after, and 3 h after ASMR) and for depression status (high, medium, or low as defined by the BDI), we found a significant main effect. of time in mood. [p<0.0005]

In one of these studies, the default neural network (the one that works when the brain is relaxed) was analyzed in 11 volunteers in whom ASMR caused them to relax, in contrast to 11 individuals in the control group. At the end of the study, the ASMR volunteers generally showed less functional connectivity than the other volunteers. It also showed “increased connectivity between regions of the occipital, frontal, and temporal cortices,” suggesting that ASMR favors the association of those networks that are activated in the resting state.

With the available evidence it is concluded that ASMR could improve of the affective clinic reflected in the parameters of the Beck depression scale as well as a sense of calm and relaxation and it reduces the heart rate or increases the conductivity of the skin, something that happens when certain emotional states are altered.

None Declared

Both natural disasters such as wildfires, earthquakes, tsunamis, and hurricanes, as well as man-made disasters such as civil wars, have been known to result in significant mental health effects on their victims.

The purpose of this general literature review is to analyze the impact and contribution of social determinants to mental health and resilience following natural and man-made disasters.

In this paper, we specifically explore some of the most studied factors relating to vulnerability and protection, such as gender, age, ethnicity, social support, and socioeconomic status on mental health and resiliency in disaster survivors. In addition, several other possible factors were discussed, such as previous trauma, childhood abuse, family psychiatric history, and subsequent life stress.

Using key words such as mental health, social determinants, disasters, wildfires, earthquakes, terrorism attacks, and resilience, we conducted a literature search in major scientific databases

A discussion of the implications for public health policy and practice is presented

None Declared