Positive influence of emotional intelligence (EI) on psychological functions is fast growing in many aspects of social life and higher levels of emotional intelligence can be important in human's behavior. So this study investigated emotional intelligence in addicted and nonaddicted people.

In sampling process a total of 73 addicted people and 73 non-addicted people were randomly selected. All participants were requested to complete Schutte's Self- Report E / I Test (SSREIT).

Findings indicated significant differences between two groups in components of emotional intelligent. Nonaddicted people had more scores in appraisal of emotion, utilization of emotion and general score of emotional intelligence than addicted people.

Findings indicates that applying of plans in the field of increasing emotional intelligent can help people with positive attitudes to addiction in order to manage the bad problems and event and as a result reduce tendency to addiction.

Patients after stroke may experience different cognitive and emotional changes based on the levels of their spirituality and religiousness.

This preliminary study aims to explore whether self-reports in two questionnaires measuring the personal experience of spirituality and religiousness can influence cognition and more specifically performance on neuropsychological tests examining verbal functions.

Fifteen male stroke patients participated voluntarily one year after their hospitalization. The mean age of the patients was 75.58 years (SD = 7.50, range 61-90), level of education 15.47 years (SD = 3.82). In addition to that, fifteen controls with similar demographics, free of physical and mental diseases, were also examined. Depressive symptoms of the participants were assessed with the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. The Daily Spiritual Experience Scale, the Systems of Belief Inventory (SBI-15R) and a number of standardized tests examining verbal functions such as word list learning (number of words on immediate and delayed recall), story learning (number of words on immediate and delayed recall).

showed a statistically significant difference between the control group and the stroke group in performance regarding verbal functions, with the first group showing higher scores. No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups regarding the levels of spirituality and religiousness.

Although spirituality and religiousness may be related with quality of life, cognitive functions such as verbal functions are not influenced one year post-stroke.

The Kessler Psychological Distress Scales (K10 and K6) are used as screening tools to assess psychological distress and are the first-line assessment of need for help in the Headspace services.

Thus, we studied the psychometric properties of their German versions in a Swiss community sample to evaluate their potential usefulness to screen for mental disorders or relevant mental problems in low threshold transdiagnostic German-speaking services.

The sample consisted of 829 citizens of the Swiss canton Bern of age 19-43 years. K10/K6 were validated against Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) diagnoses, questionnaires about health status and quality of life. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were used to test for general discriminative ability and to select optimal cut-offs of the K10 and K6 for non-psychotic full-blown and subthreshold mental disorders.

Cronbach’s alphas were 0.81 (K10) and 0.70 (K6). ROC analyses indicated much lower optimal thresholds than earlier suggested; 10 for K10 and 6 for K6. At these thresholds, against M.I.N.I. diagnoses, Cohen’s Kappa (<=0.173) and correspondence rates (<=58.14%) were insufficient throughout. Values were higher at the earlier suggested threshold, yet, at the cost of sensitivity that was below 0.5 in all but three, and below 0.3 in all but six cases.

For the lack of sufficient validity and sensitivity, respectively, our findings suggest that both K10 and K6 would only be of limited use in a low-threshold transdiagnostic mental health service – comparable to Headspace – for young adults in Switzerland and likely other German-speaking countries.

No significant relationships.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Auditory hallucination is one of the most common symptoms in schizophrenia. The frequency of the auditory hallucinations and ensuing distress make the individual believe that these voices are not able to be controlled and to be coped with.

Testing the effectiveness of brief cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) for auditory hallucinations, using it in modifying the beliefs about the voices and improving symptom severity and overall functioning.

Forty participants with schizophrenia were randomized into intervention and control groups. Intervention group were 20 patients who received 8 individual sessions of CBTp plus Treatment As Usual (TAU) over 8 weeks and the control group were the other 20 patients who received TAU only. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Arabic version of Beliefs About Voices Questionnaire (BAVQ) and the General Assessment of Functioning scale (GAF) were assessed at baseline and at the end of the study.

Intervention group showed a statistically significant increase in GAF (P = 0.012), a statistically significant reduction regarding the Positive (P < 0.001), Negative (P = 0.008), General (P < 00.001) and total (P ≤ 00.001) sub-scales of PANSS. Regarding BAVQ, Intervention group showed a statistically significant reduction in Malevolence (P = 0.008), Engagement (P = 0.001); and showed a statistically significant increase in Resistance (P = 0.049) compared to control.

Brief cognitive behavioral therapy for auditory hallucinations can improve severity of schizophrenia, increase the level of functioning and improve the beliefs about the voices.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The major issues in cognitive literature related to memory and aging concentrate on the different methodological issues in research examining the effectiveness of memory training programs in improving memory performance of older adults along with the clinical implications of this kind of research.

The review will address how researchers differ within their collection of participants, the various aspects of memory intervention programs by a systematic review on recent researches.

The present study aims to review the cognitive literature related to memory and aging through a meta-analysis in recent years.

Meta-analysis was conducted of researches on memory training interventions for cognitively normal/healthy older adults published in 1995–2014. Computerized databases (e.g PsychInfo) were searched using combinations of these key words in English: memory, mnemonic, rehabilitation, older adult, aging, elderly and impairment. All participants must be at least 55 years old at the time of training/intervention. Due to the fact and Studies must have used a non-pharmacological approach toward memory or memory problems. Between-study heterogeneity was quantified using χ2 and I2 statistics. All analyses were performed utilizing the CMA2.

Effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals for each study indicated that the overall pre-post training gain was 0.37 SD (95% CI: 0.18, 0.47) and the mean retest effect among control groups was 0.11 SD (95% CI: −0.11, 0.16) and this difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001).

The key challenge of memory training studies is that they often don’t train abilities that generalize to everyday functioning. These results have numerous clinical and practical implications.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Meta-analyses suggest that patients with schizophrenia show deficit in working memory – both verbal and visual – and are more distractible. Working memory disturbances are even regarded as the central deficit in schizophrenia by some researchers. Theta synchronization (especially over fronto-central areas) is related to cognitive control and executive functioning during working memory encoding and retention.

The main goal of the study was to gain more understanding of the nature of working memory deficit and attentional distractibility in schizophrenia.

35 patients with schizophrenia and 39 matched controls were enrolled in our study. Participants performed a modified Sternberg working memory task that contained salient and non-salient distractor items in the retention period. A high-density 128 channel EEG was recorded during the task. Event-related theta (4-7 Hz) synchronization was analyzed during working memory encoding (learning) and retention (distractor filtering) in a later time window (350-550 ms).

Patients with schizophrenia showed weaker working memory performance and increased attentional distractibility compared to the control group: patients had significantly lower hit rates (p < 0.0001) and higher distractor-related commission error rates (p < 0.0001). Theta synchronization was modulated by condition (learning < distractor) in both groups but it was modulated by salience only in controls (salient distractor > non-salient distractor, p[patients] = 0.95, p[controls] < 0.001).

Our results suggest that patients with schizophrenia show diminished cognitive control compared to controls in response to salient distractors. Difficulties in cognitive control allocation may contribute to the behavioral results observed in this study.

No significant relationships.

There are high rates of treatment resistant psychoses and medical complexity among patients in secure forensic hospitals (Basrak et al., BJPsych Open (2021) 7, e31,1-7). Patients with schizophrenia in secure settings have a lower life expectancy compared to community peers of approximately 16 years. Evidence suggests patients in secure settings often gain significant amounts of body weight during their in-patient stays, many of whom develop complex obesity presentations.

To ascertain changes in Body Mass Index (BMI) among patients in a secure forensic hospital setting over a 3.5 year period.

A prospective longitudinal study of repeated measures of BMI for all (n=91) patients in a National Forensic Mental Health Service (CMH Dundrum, Dublin, Ireland). BMI was measured six-monthly, giving up to seven time points for each patient. Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) analysis was conducted to ascertain changes in BMI over time. This study formed part of the DUNDRUM Forensic Redevelopment Evaluation Study (D-FOREST) (Davoren et al., BMJ Open (2022) 12(7): e058581).

A total of 91 patients were included in the study, mean age 33.46 years (SD 9.23). Mean length of stay was 8.09 years (SD 9.23). The most common diagnosis was schizophrenia (67%), followed by schizoaffective disorder (17.5%) and Autistic spectrum disorder (6.2%). Using GEE with BMI as the dependent variable, for the complete patient cohort, BMI changed significantly with diagnosis (Wald X2=5817.58, df=7, p<0.001). Those with severe mental illnesses (psychoses) had the highest BMI of the group, and BMI tended to increase over time (p=0.109). Among patients who were in the secure hospital for four years or less, their weight gain was significant over time (Wald X2 =10.0, df=1, p=0.002).

We have shown high rates of obesity particularly in patients with psychoses and we have shown weight gain is significant during the first four years after admission to a national forensic service. This is a significant health concern and an area of unmet treatment need which is likely generalizable across secure hospitals in the EU.

None Declared

Schizophrenia is frequently a chronic and disabling disorder, characterized by heterogeneous positive and negative symptoms. Negative symptoms are a major health concern and a core component of schizophrenia that account for a large part of the long-term disability and poor functional outcomes in patients with the disorder. Adequate treatment would mean important progress and Distinguishing primary from secondary negative symptoms may inform about treatment options.

Objective: to provide information that may be useful for clinicians treating patients with negative symptoms of schizophrenia.

We searched Pubmed and Cochrane Library database for english language articles.

Negative symptoms are a core component of schizophrenia that account for a large part of the long-term disability and poor functional outcomes. Negative symptoms are common in schizophrenia; up to 60% of patients may have prominent clinically relevant negative symptoms that require treatment. Negative symptoms can occur at any point in the course of illness, although they are reported as the most common first symptom of schizophrenia. Negative symptoms can be primary symptoms, which are intrinsic to the underlying pathophysiology of schizophrenia, or secondary symptoms that are related to psychiatric or medical comorbidities, adverse effects of treatment, or environmental factors. Negative symptoms clearly constitute an unmet medical need in schizophrenia, and new and effective treatments are urgently needed.

Clinically relevant negative symptoms of schizophrenia need to be recognized, assessed, and as well managed as possible in order to achieve improved outcomes for patients. More studies are needed to establish the better approach to negative symptoms.

No significant relationships.

Nowadays, relapses are typical in patients with schizophrenia and may have serious implications due to most of them are caused by a lack of adherence to treatment.Therefore, numerous long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI) have been developed as aripiprazole depot who need a proper oral supplementation. Since November 2020, FDA approved a new treatment indication with a double injection start and a single dose of 20mg of oral aripiprazole, with the aim of avoiding oral supplementation during the next 14 days.

The purpose of our study is to expose our experience with the new double injection start with aripiprazole LAI, regarding the rehospitalization rate.

A prospective study (n=17 patients) has been developed between November 2020 and October 2021 with the purpose of studying the rehospitalization and antipsychotic adherence after the new guideline of aripiprazole

After an 11-month-follow-up, it is noticed a 65% non-rehospitalization rate and a 76% proper treatment persistence rate. The 94% did not present any kind of side effects, only one patient had a case report of bullous pemphigoid. Regarding the concomitant use of other antipsychotics, 82% of the patients remained in monotherapia. The average stay time was shortened (11 days) regarding the standard dose (14 days).

The new LAI regimen is well tolerated in our patients obtaining a high treatment persistence after several months of hospital discharge. It was already possible to shorten the time of rehospitalization, not having to add oral aripiprazole for 14 days. Most patients were discharged are on antipsychotic monotherapy and have not been rehospitalized in the short term.

No significant relationships.

The Perinatal Anxiety Screening Scale was translated and validated for European Portuguese (PASS-29; Pereira et al. 2019), from the original PASS (composed of 31 items; Somerville et al. 2014) to allow epidemiological and correlational research and early detection, which is an health policy imperative. This need also applies to Brazil, where a specific instrument to measure perinatal anxiety is not available.

To study the psychometric properties of the PASS Brazilian version factor structure using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), internal consistency and pattern of correlations with mood states.

350 women (Mean age: 30.01±5.452) in the second trimester of pregnancy (Mean weeks =25.17±±6.55) completed the PASS and the Brazilian version of Profile of Mood States (POMS-25; Barros et al. 2021). SPSS and AMOS software were used.

After deleting two items (1 and 2) and some errors correlated, CFA indicated a good fit for the second-order model (X2/df=2.987; CFI=.903; TLI=.889; GFI=.797, RMSEA=.075; p[rmsea≤0.01]<0.001). The Cronbach alpha was α=.937, and for the four dimensions (general anxiety and specific fear, perfectionism and control, social anxiety and adjustment disorder, acute anxiety and trauma.), were all α>.800. PASS total and dimensional scores significantly (p<.01) and moderately correlated with Profile of Mood States dimensions: negative affect (.471), Depression (.294), Anxiety (.548), Fatigue (.438) and Vigour (-.288).

Similarly, to what has been found for Portuguese version, the Brazilian PASS resulted in a 29-items-and-four-factors version, with good construct and convergent validity and reliability. In the near future we will determine the PASS cut-offs to screen for anxiety disorders in pregnancy and postpartum.

Goal of the study was to analyze the impact of dissociation on the treatment of the patients with anxiety/neurotic spectrum and depressive disorders, and with or without personality disorders.

The sample consisted of inpatients who met the ICD-10 criteria for the Depressive disorder, Panic disorder, GAD, Mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, Agoraphobia, Social phobia, OCD, PTSD, Adjustment disorders, dissociative/conversion disorders, Somatoform disorder or other anxiety/neurotic spectrum disorder. The participants completed Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, subjective version of clinical global impression-severity, Sheehan Patient-Related Anxiety Scale, and Dissociative Experience Scale, at the start and the end of the therapeutic program.

The total of 840 patients with anxiety or depressive spectrum disorders, who were resistant to pharmacological treatment in outpatients basis and were referred for hospitalization for the six-week complex therapeutic program, were enrolled in this study. Six hundred and six of them were statistically analyzed. The patients’ mean ratings on all measurements were significantly reduced during the treatment. The patients without comorbid personality disorder improved significantly more than patients with comorbid personality disorder in the reduction of depressive symptoms. However, there were no significant differences in change of anxiety levels and severity of the disorder between the patients with and without personality disorders. The higher degree of dissociation at the beginning of the treatment predicted minor improvement. The higher therapeutic change was connected to the greater reduction of the dissociation level.

Dissociation presents an important factor influencing treatment effectiveness in the treatment-resistant patients with anxiety/depression with or without personality disorders.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

There is growing evidence about neuroinflammation in the aetiopathogenesis of bipolar disorder. Early diagnosis and intervention strategies are thought to be excessively important lately.

To check neuroinflammation levels in early stage bipolar disorder and explore the associations with clinical variables.

We aimed to evaluate inflammation and neurodegeneration findings in early stage bipolar disorder.

Serum interleukin 1-receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP), S100B and neuron specific enolase (NSE) levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in a total of 30 patients with bipolar disorder in the early stage and compared with 30 matched healthy controls. The clinical symptoms were rated using Montgomery Asberg Depression Scale, Young Mania Rating Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Clinical Global Impression Scale.

Among the patients with bipolar disorder, 14 (% 46.6) were in a manic/hypomanic state and 12 (% 40) were in a euthymic state. Serum IL-6 levels were significantly higher (P = 0.018), TNF-α and S100B levels were significantly lower in the early stage group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.03, respectively). After repeated analysis with only drug-naive patients, the results showed no difference. There was a positive and significant correlation between TNF-α levels and CGI, MADRS scores (all P < 0.05); NSE levels and MADRS scores (P < 0.05).

This study supported the association of early stage bipolar disorder with inflammation and neurodegeneration. IL-6 may be a potential biomarker. Thus, early diagnosis and intervention may be crucial to prevent progressive neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in early stages of disorder.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Though interest grows in improving patient activation in general medical health services, there is little evidence from randomised controlled trials in mental health settings of how to achieve this.

We aimed to evaluate the effects of a brief pre-treatment peer-co-led educational intervention added to mental health treatment. The intervention was developed and carried out in cooperation with user representatives, peer educators and health professionals, and aimed at activating and preparing patients to participate in own treatment.

To assess the 4 months and 12 months effects on patient activation measure-13 (PAM-13) and attendance.

Patients from two community mental health centres were randomised to a control group (CG, n = 26) receiving treatment as usual, or an intervention group (IG, n = 26), consisting of four-hour group pre-treatment educational seminar (peer-support and encouragement to adopt an active role) followed by treatment as usual.

At 4 months follow-up only the IG improved significant on PAM-13. Preliminary results at 12 months on PAM-13 and attendance will be presented.

Brief pre-treatment education improves patient activation at 4 months and could potentially have an effect on attendance at 12 months follow-up.

Pre-treatment education co-led in cooperation with user representatives, peer educators and health professionals is a rational and easy way to activate and engage outpatients in their own health care process.

Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01601587

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

At the present stage of psychiatry development, the problem of co-morbidity, which is an important factor determining the effectiveness of treatment. One of such tendencies is the combination of neurotic pathology and addictive behavior (AB).

To research AB features in neurotic disorders.

One hundred and forty-eight patients with neurotic disorders: neurasthenia (F48.0), dissociative disorder (F44.7), anxiety-phobic disorder (F40.8), according to ICD-10 criteria. Clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic (AUDIT-like tests), statistical methods were used.

It was found out that the patients with neurotic disorders had a high risk of AB formation (59.73%). The most prominent among AB were: the use of psychoactive substances (tea/coffee [11,682], tobacco [8,091], sedatives [6,964], food addiction [14,036]), as well as socio-acceptable AB, such as Internet (13,527), watching television (9,982), computer games (2,909), shopping (7,264), workaholism (15,018). Socio-demographic characteristics of the generation of neurotic disorders with AB were determined: young age (50.46%), AB presence among the surrounding people (91.64%), a short interval of time between the psychogenic factor exposure and the first signs of neurotic disorder (50.46%). The clinical pattern of neurotic disorders with AB was characterized by a predominance of anxiety-obsessive (35.78%), as well as anxiety-phobic (45.95%) syndromes associated with AB: “Shopping” (−0.32; −0.51, respectively), “Sleeping pills, sedatives” (−0.37; −0.42), “Sex” (−0.41; −0.37) and “Tea/coffee” (−0.34; −0.39).

The data obtained determine AB specificity and should be taken into account in pharmaco – and psychotherapy.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Emotion regulation (ER) efficiency dwells among the most pressing issues of contemporary psychology and psychiatry. Further development of the methods of reliable assessments for ER makes it the task of current importance.

To modify Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Test for the study of ER in health and in disease.

In the initial stage of testing participants had to look through a succession of Rosenzweig's pictures, and select potentially traumatizing situations.

In the second stage they answered the following questions:

• – what would you say in this particular situation?

• – what would you have in mind, saying this?

• – could you think of an answer that would taper down the traumatizing character of the situation in your own perception? (Zinchenko, Pervichko, 2014).

A total of 85 patients with stress-induced hypertension (mean age was 45.9 ± 2.8) and 82 healthy subjects (mean age was 44.9 ± 3.1) took part in the study.

We came to distinguish among four classes of ER strategies: internal, cognitively non-mediated; internal, cognitively transforming; external, cognitively non-mediated; and external, cognitively transforming (Pervichko, 2015). Hypertensive patients significantly more frequently than healthy subjects reveal wider set of emotionally grave events (19.8% vs 11.2%, P < 0.001), they are more prone to rumination, disasterization (19.0% vs 11.1%, P < 0.001) and suppression in display of their emotions (31.9% vs 20.2%, P < 0.001). The patients will seldom employ the strategy of interactive subject–subject transformations; their capability to actualize new meanings in traumatic situations is diminished.

Application of the described modification of Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Test allows to distinguish and classify various ER strategies, and to demonstrate peculiarities in ER related behaviour of hypertensive patients as opposed to healthy subjects.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

To assess the safety and tolerability of quetiapine XR using pooled data from 3 studies (5077IL/0041, D1444C00132, D1444C00133).

Quetiapine XR (300mg [1 study], 400mg [2 studies], 600mg or 800mg once daily) was evaluated in 3 similarly designed, 6-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomised studies in patients with acute schizophrenia. Matched dose quetiapine IR was included to demonstrate assay sensitivity. Safety assessments included AEs and vital signs.

The pooled safety population included 1684 patients (951, quetiapine XR; 414, quetiapine IR; 319, placebo). Mean (SD) duration of exposure to quetiapine XR, quetiapine IR and placebo was 31.8 (14.9), 29.4 (15.9) and 30.6 (15.6) days, respectively.

The percentage of patients reporting an AE was similar for quetiapine XR (69.5%), quetiapine IR (72.5%) and placebo (61.4%). Serious AE incidence was similar for quetiapine XR (4.4%), quetiapine IR (3.9%) and placebo (4.4%). 6.4%, 7.7% and 7.5% of patients receiving quetiapine XR, quetiapine IR and placebo discontinued owing to AEs, respectively.

The five most common drug-related AEs (≥5%) were: sedation (11.5%, 14.0%, 5.0%), somnolence (10.6%, 11.4%, 3.1%), dry mouth (10.4%, 8.0%, 1.3%), dizziness (7.5%, 6.8%, 3.1%) and orthostatic hypertension (5.8%, 7.5%, 3.8%), for quetiapine XR, quetiapine IR and placebo, respectively. There was no dose relationship with any common AE for quetiapine XR. For completers, mean weight increases were: quetiapine XR (n=555), 1.77kg; quetiapine IR (n=215), 2.19kg; placebo (n=163), 0.26kg.

Once-daily quetiapine XR (300-800mg/day) was well tolerated in patients with acute schizophrenia. The tolerability profile was consistent with the known safety profile for quetiapine IR.

To assess the efficacy of Metacognitive Training (MCT) in symptoms and metacognitive variables in people with a recent onset of psychosis.

A multicenter, randomized and controlled clinical trial was performed. One hundred and twenty-six patients were randomized to MCT or a psycho-educational intervention. Patients with a recent onset of psychosis were recruited from 9 centers of Spain. The treatment consisted in 8 weekly sessions in both groups. Patients were assessed at baseline, post-treatment, and 6 months of follow-up. Symptoms were assessed by the PANSS. Metacognition was assessed by a battery of questionnaires of cognitive biases and social cognition: BCIS, IPSAQ, TCI, Hinting task and Emotional Recognition Test.

PANSS positive symptoms significant declined between baseline and post-treatment in psycho-educational (P = 0.04) and MCT group (P = 0.01), while general PANSS and total PANSS were significant between baseline and post-treatment in the MCT group only (P = 0.008; P = 0.005). Across time, the MCT group was superior to psycho-educational on the BCIS total and self-certainty subscale (P = 0.042). Regarding irrational beliefs, the intolerance to frustration subscale declined more strongly in the MCT in relation to psycho-educational group (P = 0.016). ToM, Personalizing Bias and JTC improved more strongly in the MCT group compared to psycho-educational group (P < 0.001–0.032). Most results remained significant at the follow-up.

MCT could be an effective psychological intervention for people with a recent onset of psychosis in order to improve symptoms, insight, tolerance to frustration and personalizing bias.

The authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.