Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T01:58:26.472Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

What do we know about the aetiology of late-onset schizophrenia?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2020

DJ Castle  and
R Howard
DJ Castle
Affiliation:
Genetics Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
R Howard
Affiliation:
Old Age Psychiatry Sections, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, SE5 8AF, UK
Get access

Summary

Late-onset schizophrenia remains an understudied area. Neuroimaging techniques, which have been widely employed in the study of earlier-onset schizophrenic patients, have only recently been applied to patients with a later onset of illness. This paper reviews current knowledge about brain abnormalities in late-onset schizophrenia, and attempts an integration of the findings with clinical, genetic and epidemiological factors which pertain in such disorders. Suggestions are made for future research regarding this group of patients.

Keywords

late-onset schizophrenianeuroimagingaetiologygenetics
Type
Review
Information
European Psychiatry , Volume 7 , Issue 3 , 1992 , pp. 99 - 108
Copyright
Copyright © Elsevier, Paris 1992

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Andreasen, NCFlaum, MSwayze, VWTyrrell, MSArndt, S (1990) Positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: A critical appraisal Arch Gen Psychiatry 47, 615–621CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Awad, LASpetzler, RFHodak, JAAwad, CAWilliams, FCarey, R (1987) Incidental lesions noted on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain: Prevalence and clinical significance in various age groups Neurosurgery 20, 222–226CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Blessed, GWilson, ID (1982) The contemporary natural history of mental disorder in old age Br J Psychiatry 141, 59–67CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bleuler, M (1943) Late schizophrenic clinical pictures, (in German) Forschr Neurol-Psychiatr 15, 259–290Google Scholar
Branchey, MHLee, JHRamesh, A (1978) High- and lowpotency neuroleptics in elderly psychiatric patients JAMA 239, 1860–1862CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breitner, JCSHusain, MMKrishnan, KRRFigiel, GSBoyko, OB (1990) Cerebral white matter disease in lateonset paranoid psychosis Biol Psychiatry 28, 266–274CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burns, ACarrick, JAmes, DNaguib, MLevy, R (1988) The cerebral cortical appearance in late paraphrenia Int J Ger Psychiatry 4, 31–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castle, DJMurray, RM (1991) The neurodevelopmental basis of sex differences in schizophrenia Psychol Med 21, 565–575CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Castle, DJMurray, RM (1992) Schizophrenia: Aetiology and genetics. In: The Psychiatry of Old Age: An International Textbook (Copeland, JRMAbou-Saleh, MTBlazer, DG, eds) John Wiley & Son, Chichester, in pressGoogle Scholar
Castle, DJWessely, SDer, GMurray, RM (1991) The incidence of operationally defined schizophrenia in Camberwell, 1965 to 1984 Br J Psychiatry 159, 790–794CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coffey, CEFigiel, GSDjang, WTWeiner, RD (1990) Subcortical hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging: A comparison of normal and depressed elderly subjects Am J Psychiatry 147, 187–189Google ScholarPubMed
Cooper, AF (1976) Deafness and psychiatric illness Br J Psychiatry 129, 216–226CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cooper, AFGarside, RFKay, DWK (1976) A comparison of deaf and non-deaf patients with paranoid and affective psychoses Br J Psychiatry 129, 532–538CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cooper, AFPorter, R (1976) Visual acuity and ocular pathology in the paranoid and affective psychoses of later life J Psychosom Res 20, 107–114CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cutting, JCClare, AWMann, AH (1978) Cycloid psychosis: Investigation of the diagnostic concept Psychol Med 8, 637–648CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fish, F (1960) Senile schizophrenia J Ment Sci 106, 938–946CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Flint, AJRifat, SLEastwood, MR (1991) Late-onset paranoia: Distinct from paraphrenia? Int J Ger Psychiatry 6, 103–109CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foerster, ALewis, SWOwen, MJMurray, RM (1991) Premorbid personality in psychosis: Effects of sex and diagnosis Br J PsychiatryCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gottesman, IIShields, J (1982) Schizophrenia, the Epigenetic Puzzle. Cambridge, Cambridge University PressGoogle Scholar
Grahame, PS (1984) Schizophrenia in old age (late paraphrenia) Br J Psychiatry 145, 493–495CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hafner, HBehrens, SDe Vry, JGattaz, WF (1991) An animal model for the effects of estradiol on dopaminemediated behavior: Implications for sex differences in schizophrenia Psychiatry Res 38, 125–134CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herbert, MEJacobson, S (1967) Lateparaphrenia Br J Psychiatry 113, 461–469CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hershey, LAModic, MTGreenough, PGJaffe, DF (1987) Magnetic resonance imaging in vascular dementia Neurology 37, 29–36CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holden, NL (1987) Late paraphrenia or the parahrenias ? A descriptive study with 10-year follow-up Br J Psychiatry 150, 635–639CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Howard, RCastle, DO’Brien, JAlmeida, OLevy, R (1992) Permeable walls, floors, ceilings and doors: Partition delusions in late paraphrenia Int J Ger Psychiatry, in pressCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huber, GGross, GSchuttler, R (1975) Spatschizophrenie Archiv Psychiatr Nervenkr 221, 53–66Google Scholar
Hymas, NNaguib, MLevy, R (1989) Late paraphrenia - A follow-up study Int J Ger Psychiatry 4, 23–29CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jeste, DVDupont, RJernigan, TSewell, DHeindel, WHarris, MJ (1991) Clinical and brain-imaging studies of late-onset schizophrenia. Abstracts of American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 30th Annual Meeting, San Juan, Puerto Rico, Dec 9 - 13, p 55Google Scholar
Kay, DKWRoth, M (1961) Environmental and hereditary factors in the schizophrenias of old age (‘late paraphrenia’) and their bearing on the general problem of causation in schizophrenia J Ment Sci 107, 649–686CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kay, DWK (1963) Late paraphrenia and its bearing on the aetiology of schizophrenia Acta Psychiatr Scand 39, 159–169CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kendell, RE (1988) Other functional psychoses. In: Companion to Psychiatric Studies (Kendell, REZealley, AK, eds) Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, 362–373Google Scholar
Kendler, KSTsuang, MTHays, P (1987) Age at onset in schizophrenia: A familial perspective Arch Gen Psychiatry 44, 881–890CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kraepelin, E (1896) Psychiatric: ein Lehrbuch fur Studirende und Aertze Leipsig, Barth, GermanyGoogle Scholar
Krull, AJPress, GDupont, RHarris, MJJeste, DV (1991) Brain imaging in late-onset schizophrenia and related psychoses Int J Ger Psychiatry 6, 651–658CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levitt, JJTsuang, MT (1988) The heterogeneity of schizoaffective disorder: Implications for treatment Am J Psychiatry 145, 926–936Google ScholarPubMed
Lewine, RJ (1988) Gender and schizophrenia. In: Handbook of Schizophrenia, Vol 3 (Nasrallah, HA, ed) Elsevier, AmsterdamGoogle Scholar
Lewis, SW (1990) Computerised tomography in schizophrenia 15 years on Br J Psychiatry 157 (suppl 9), 16–24CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, BLLesser, IM (1988) Late-life psychosis and modern neuroimaging Psychiatr Clin North Am 11, 33–46CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miller, BLBenson, FCummings, JLNeshkes, R (1986) Late-life paraphrenia: An organic delusional syndrome J Clin Psychiatry 47, 204–207Google Scholar
Miller, BLLesser, IMBoone, Ket al(1989)Brain whitematter lesions and psychosis Br J Psychiatry 155, 73–78CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murray, RMO’Callaghan, ECastle, DJLewis, SW (1992) A neurodevelopmental approach to the classification of schizophrenia Schizophr Bull(in press)CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pearlson, GDGarbacz, DTompkins, RHAhn, HORabins, PV (1987) Lateral cerebral ventricular size in late onset schizophrenia. In: Schizophrenia and Aging (Miller, NECohen, GD, eds) Guildford Press, New York, 246–248Google Scholar
Pearlson, GKreger, LRabins, PVet al(1989) A chart review study of late-onset and early-onset schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 146, 1568–1574Google ScholarPubMed
Pearlson, GDTune, LEPowers, REWong, DFRabins, PVBarta, PE (1991) MR1 and PET studies in late lifeonset schizophrenics Schizophren Res 4, 409–410Google Scholar
Post, F (1966) Persistent Persecutory States of the Elderly Oxford, Pergamon PressGoogle Scholar
Rabins, PPauker, SThomas, J (1984) Can schizophrenia begin after age 44? Compr Psychiatry, 290–293CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rabins, PPearlson, GJayaram, GSteele, CTune, L (1987) Ventricle-to-brain ratio in late-onset schizophrenia Am J Psychiatry 144, 1216–1218Google ScholarPubMed
Raskind, MARisse, SC (1986) Antipsychotic drugs and the elderly J Clin Psychiatry 47, 5 (suppl), 17–22Google ScholarPubMed
Rokhlinia, ML (1975) A comparative clinico-gentic study of attack-like schizophrenia with late and early manifestations with regard to age (in Russian) Zh Nevropatol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 75, 417–424Google Scholar
Roth, M (1955) The natural history of mental disorder in old age J Ment Sci 101, 281–301CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seeman, MV (1982) Gender differences in schizophrenia Can J Psychiatry 27, 107–111CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waddington, JLO’Callaghan, ELarkin, CRedmond, OStack, JEnnis, JT (1990) Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy in schizophrenia Br J Psychiatry 157 (suppl 9), 56–65CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Volavka, J (1985) Late-onset schizophrenia: A review Compr Psychiatry 26, 148–156CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Submit a response

Comments

No Comments have been published for this article.