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Patrones cognitivos en los subtipos de la esquizofrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

P. Brazo ,
R. M. Marié ,
I. Halbecq ,
K. Benali ,
L. Segard ,
P. Delamillieure ,
S. Langlois-Théry ,
A. Van Der Elst ,
F. Thibaut  and
M. Petit
...Show all authors
P. Brazo
Affiliation:
Centro Esquirol, Centro Hospitalario Universitario (CHU), Avenue Côte de Nacre, 14033Caen, Francia Grupo de Imágenes Neurofuncionales, UMR 6095 CNRS, CEA, Universidad de Caen, Universidad París V, Francia
R. M. Marié
Affiliation:
INSERM U320, Centro Cicerón, 14000Caen, Francia
I. Halbecq
Affiliation:
Centro Esquirol, Centro Hospitalario Universitario (CHU), Avenue Côte de Nacre, 14033Caen, Francia Grupo de Imágenes Neurofuncionales, UMR 6095 CNRS, CEA, Universidad de Caen, Universidad París V, Francia
K. Benali
Affiliation:
Grupo de Imágenes Neurofuncionales, UMR 6095 CNRS, CEA, Universidad de Caen, Universidad París V, Francia
L. Segard
Affiliation:
Centro Hospitalario de Rouvray, 76301 Sotteville les Rouen, Francia
P. Delamillieure
Affiliation:
Centro Esquirol, Centro Hospitalario Universitario (CHU), Avenue Côte de Nacre, 14033Caen, Francia Grupo de Imágenes Neurofuncionales, UMR 6095 CNRS, CEA, Universidad de Caen, Universidad París V, Francia
S. Langlois-Théry
Affiliation:
Centro Hospitalario de Rouvray, 76301 Sotteville les Rouen, Francia
A. Van Der Elst
Affiliation:
Centro Hospitalario de Rouvray, 76301 Sotteville les Rouen, Francia
F. Thibaut
Affiliation:
Centro Hospitalario de Rouvray, 76301 Sotteville les Rouen, Francia Unidad INSERM EPI-9906, Universidad de Rouen, CHU Charles Nicolle, 76000Rouen, Francia
M. Petit
Affiliation:
Centro Hospitalario de Rouvray, 76301 Sotteville les Rouen, Francia Unidad INSERM EPI-9906, Universidad de Rouen, CHU Charles Nicolle, 76000Rouen, Francia
S. Dollfus
Affiliation:
Centro Esquirol, Centro Hospitalario Universitario (CHU), Avenue Côte de Nacre, 14033Caen, Francia Grupo de Imágenes Neurofuncionales, UMR 6095 CNRS, CEA, Universidad de Caen, Universidad París V, Francia
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Resumen

Propósito:

A causa de la heterogeneidad de la esquizofrenia, este estudio investigó los diferentes patrones cognitivos en los distintos subtipos de pacientes esquizofrénicos.

Métodos:

Se incluyó a 35 pacientes esquizofrénicos según el Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico IV (DSM-IV) y a 35 controles sanos. Se clasificó a los pacientes en los subtipos de déficit, desorganizado y positivo con el Inventario para el Síndrome de Déficit (SDS) y la Escala de los Síndromes Positivo y Negativo (PANSS). Las funciones ejecutivas/atencionales se evaluaron con el Test de Clasificación de Tarjetas Modificado (MCST), un test de fluidez verbal, el Test de Realización de Pistas (TMT) y el Test de Colores-Palabras de Stroop (Test de Stroop). La memoria episódica se exploró por medio del Test de Aprendizaje Verbal de California (CVLT).

Resultados:

El subtipo positivo rendía en el rango normal en algunas pruebas ejecutivas/atencionales (los test de fluidez y de Stroop) y mnésicas, lo que indica la conservación de buenas destrezas cognitivas. Por contraste, los subtipos de déficit y desorganizado tenían disfunciones mnésicas y ejecutivas/atencionales importantes comparado con los sujetos sanos. El subtipo de déficit comparado con el grupo de control rindió predominantemente peor en el MCST y en fluidez, mientras que el subtipo desorganizado tenía las puntuaciones más bajas en el TMT y el Test de Stroop.

Conclusión:

Este estudio mostró patrones cognitivos distintos en los pacientes con síndrome de déficit, desorganizado y positivo en comparación con los controles, lo que hace pensar en una disfunción cognitiva heterogénea en la esquizofrenia.

Keywords

funciones cognitivas ejecutivasatencionalesmemoria episódicasubtipos esquizofrénicossíndromes desorganizado, positivo y de déficitneuropsicologíatest neuropsicológicos
Type
Artículo Original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 9 , Issue 7 , October 2002 , pp. 449 - 457
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2002

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Footnotes

BrazoP, MariéRM, HalbecqI, BenaliK, SegardL, DelamillieureP, Langlois-ThéryS, Van Der ElstA, ThibautF, PetitM, DollfusS. Patrones cognitivos en los subtipos de la esquizofrenia. Eur Psychiatry2002; 17: 155–62.

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