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Comorbilidad del trastorno de ansiedad generalizada y el trastorno depresivo mayor: ¿un ejemplo de peliotropía genética?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 May 2020

P. Gorwood
P. Gorwood*
Affiliation:
Hospital Louis Mourier (AP-HP), Servicio de Psiquiatría, CNRS UMR 7593, 178, rué des Renouillers, 92700 Colombes cedex, Francia: CNRS UMR 7593-Paris VII, Vulnerabilidad, adaptación y psicopatología, CHU Pitié-Salpétriére, 75013París, Francia
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Resumen

El trastorno de ansiedad generalizada (TAG) y el trastorno depresivo mayor (TDM) son el tipo más común de comorbilidad de ansiedad-estado de ánimo. Hasta el 80% de los sujetos con TAG vital tienen también un trastorno del estado de ánimo comórbido durante suvida. Se han propuesto muchas hipótesis para explicar esta elevada comorbilidad. La pleiotropía, es decir, una mutación genética individual explica (aparentemente) trastornos diferentes, es una de ellas y se revisa aquí. La importancia y fiabilidad de la comorbilidad del TAG y el TDM (1); los datos a favor de la coagregación del TAG y el TDM dentro de las familias (el riesgo de un trastorno en un probando aumenta el riesgo para el otro en los familiares) (2); la herencia sustancial para ambos trastornos según estudios de gemelos con datos para una correlación genética de la unidad entre los dos trastornos (3), y la existencia de numerosos mecanismos (4) que vinculan potencialmente los dos trastornos a genes de vulnerabilidad comunes están de acuerdo con esta hipótesis. Se dan algunos ejemplos de mecanismos potencialmente compartidos (como la disrregulación del CRF o los factores de transcripción anormales) y posibles genes de vulnerabilidad común (por ejemplo, el gen transportador de la serotonina) para destacar la hipótesis de la pleiotropía.

Keywords

HeredabilidadAgregaciónVulnerabilidadEstado de ánimo
Type
Artículo original
Information
European Psychiatry (Ed. Española) , Volume 11 , Issue 3 , April 2004 , pp. 170 - 177
Copyright
Copyright © European Psychiatric Association 2004

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References

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