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Trauma y estilo de defensa como predictores de respuesta del tratamiento farmacológico en los pacientes con angustia
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 May 2020
Resumen
Antecedentes.
Como el trastorno de angustia (TA) tiene un curso cronico, es importante identificar predictores que puedan estar relacionados con la ausencia de remisión. El propósito de este estudio es verificar si los antecedentes de trauma y el estilo de defensa son predictores de la respuesta al tratamiento farmacológico en los pacientes con TA.
Método.
La muestra se componía de 47 pacientes con TA según el DSM-IV que recibieron tratamiento con sertralina durante 16 semanas. Las valoraciones se realizaron por la Impresión Clínica Global (CGI), la Escala de Ansiedad de Hamilton, la Escala de Depresión de Hamilton, el Inventario de Angustia y el Cuestionario de Estilo de Defensa (DSQ-40) en la línea de base y después del tratamiento.
Resultados.
Se observó remisión completa en 61,7% de la muestra. Los predictores asociados significativamente con la ausencia de remisión eran: gravedad del TA (p = 0,012), edad de comienzo (p = 0,02) e inmadurez de las defensas (p = 0,032). Además, los antecedentes de trauma se asociaban con el comienzo temprano del TA (p = 0,043).
Conclusión.
Los pacientes con trastorno de angustia tenían como predictores de peor respuesta al tratamiento farmacólogico el comienzo temprano y la gravedad de los síntomas del TA, así como el uso de defensas inmaduras en la línea de base. Este hallazgo corrobora la importancia de la evaluación de los factores que podrían afectar a la respuesta para permitir el desarrollo de un tratamiento apropiado para cada paciente.
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References
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