Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T04:42:32.179Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Relation between bitter taste sensitivity and incidence or intensity of propofol injection pain

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2007

V. Erden ,
G. Basaranoglu ,
Y. Korkut ,
H. Delatioglu ,
Z. Yangin  and
S. Kiroglu
V. Erden
Affiliation:
Vakif Gureba Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey
G. Basaranoglu*
Affiliation:
Vakif Gureba Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey
Y. Korkut
Affiliation:
Vakif Gureba Hospital, Department of ENT, Istanbul, Turkey
H. Delatioglu
Affiliation:
Vakif Gureba Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey
Z. Yangin
Affiliation:
Vakif Gureba Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey
S. Kiroglu
Affiliation:
Vakif Gureba Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Istanbul, Turkey
*
Correspondence to: Gökcen Basaranoglu, Soganlı Mah. Alper Sok. Yuvam Apartment No. 1/20, Bahcelievler, Istanbul 34590, Turkey. E-mail: [email protected]; Tel: +90 212 554 0570; Fax: +90 212 621 7580
Get access

Summary

Background and objective

In human beings, pain and taste perception are two major sensory inputs. We investigated whether increasing bitter taste sensitivity would increase intensity or incidence of pain associated with propofol, and whether there is a relationship between bitter sensitivity and venepuncture pain.

Methods

One hundred (50 males, 50 females) American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade I adults undergoing elective surgery were included in this study. Determination of the taste thresholds employed a series of propylthiouracil solutions. The filter paper disk method was used to measure the taste threshold. A 20-G intravenous (i.v.) cannula was inserted in the dorsum of the non-dominant hand. Venepuncture pain was assessed by using a numerical rating scale (NRS; 0, no pain and 10, extreme pain). Propofol 10 mL (100 mg) was injected over 30 s. Assessment of pain with i.v. propofol was made using a 4-point scale: 0, no pain; 1, mild pain; 2, moderate pain; 3, severe pain.

Results

The NRS score of venepuncture pain was 2.8 ± 1.5. Sixty patients had pain during propofol injection. There was statistically significant correlation between bitter sensitivity and propofol injection pain, and between bitter sensitivity and venepuncture pain (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

We conclude that increased bitter taste sensitivity correlates with increased intensity or incidence of propofol injection pain and NRS of venepuncture pain.

Keywords

PAINPAIN MEASUREMENTPHLEBOTOMYPROPOFOLTASTE, bitter
Type
Original Article
Information
European Journal of Anaesthesiology , Volume 24 , Issue 6 , June 2007 , pp. 516 - 520
Copyright
Copyright © European Society of Anaesthesiology 2006

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Nathanson, MH, Gajraj, NM, Russell, JA. Prevention of pain injection of propofol: a comparison of lidocaine with alfentanil. Anesth Analg 1996; 82: 469–471.Google Scholar
2.Arndt, JO, Klement, W. Pain evoked by polymodal stimulation of hand veins in human. J Physiol 1991; 440: 467–478.Google Scholar
3.Iwama, H, Nakane, M, Ohmori, S et al. . Nafamostat mesilate a kallikrein inhibitor, prevents pain on injection with propofol. Br J Anaesth 1998; 81: 963–964.Google Scholar
4.Kinomura, S, Kawashima, R, Yamada, K et al. . Functional anatomy of taste perception in the human brain studied with positron emission tomography. Brain Res 1994; 659: 263–266.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Small, DM, Zald, DH, Jones-Gotman, M et al. . Human cortical gustatory areas: a review of functional neuroimaging data. Neuroreport 1999; 10: 7–14.Google Scholar
6.Francis, S, Rolls, ET, Bowtell, R et al. . The representation of pleasant touch in the brain and its relationship with taste and olfactory areas. Neuroreport 1999; 10: 453–459.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Scott, TR, Karadi, Z, Oomura, Y et al. . Gustatory neural coding in the amygdala of the alert macaque monkey. J Neurophysiol 1993; 69: 1810–1820.Google Scholar
8.Apkarian, AV, Bushnell, MC, Treede, RD, Zubieta, JK. Human brain mechanisms of pain perception and regulation in health and disease. Eur J Pain 2005; 9: 463–484.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Peyron, R, Laurent, B, Garcia-Larrea, L. Functional imaging of brain responses to pain. A review and meta-analysis. Neurophysiol Clin 2000; 30: 263–288.Google Scholar
10.Sato, K, Endo, S, Tomita, H. Sensitivity of three loci on the tongue and soft palate to four basic tastes in smokers and non-smokers. Acta Otolaryngol 2002; 546: 74–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11.Ambesh, SP, Dubey, PK, Sinha, PK. Ondansetron pretreatment to alleviate pain on propofol injection: a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study. Anesth Analg 1999; 89: 197–199.Google Scholar
12.Dastur, DK. The relationship between terminal lingual innervation and gustation. A clinical and histological study. Brain 1961; 84: 499–513.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Nilsson, B. Taste acuity of the human palate. III. Studies with taste solutions on subjects in different age groups. Acta Odontol Scand 1979; 37: 235–252.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Grzegorczyk, PB, Jones, SW, Mistretta, CM. Age-related differences in salt taste acuity. J Gerontol 1979; 34: 834–840.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Fischer, R, Griffin, F, Kaplan, AR. Taste thresholds, cigarette smoking, and food dislikes. Med Exp Int J Exp Med 1963; 210: 151–167.Google Scholar
16.Krut, LH, Perrin, MJ, Bronte-Stewart, B. Taste perception in smokers and non-smokers. Br Med J 1961; 5223: 384–387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
17.Briggs, LP, White, M. The effects of premedication on anaesthesia with propofol (‘Diprivan’). Postgrad Med J 1985; 61: 35–37.Google ScholarPubMed
18.Fragen, RJ, Degrood, PM, Robertson, EN, Booij, LHDJ, Crul, JF. Effect of premedication on Diprivan induction. Br J Anaesth 1982; 54: 913–915.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Bartoshuk, LM, Duffy, VB, Breslin, PA. PTC/PROP tasting: anatomy, psychophysics, and sex effects. Physiol Behav 1994; 56: 1165–1171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Weiffenbach, JM, Baum, BJ, Burghauser, R. Taste thresholds: quality specific variation with human aging. J Gerontol 1982; 37: 372–377.Google Scholar
21.Glendinning, JI. Is the bitter rejection response always adaptive. Physiol Behav 1994; 56: 1217–1227.Google Scholar
22.Brieskorn, CH. Physiological and therapeutic aspects of bitter compounds. In: Rouseff, RL, ed. Bitterness in Foods and Beverages. New York: Elsevier, 1990: 15–33.Google Scholar
23.Baxter, DW, Olsezewski, J. Congenital universal insensitivity to pain. Brain 1960; 83: 381–393.Google Scholar
24.Coghill, RC, Sang, CN, Maisog, JM, Iadarola, MJ. Pain intensity processing within the human brain: a bilateral, distributed mechanism. J Neurophysiol 1999; 82: 1934–1943.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
25.Apkarian, AV, Sosa, Y, Sonty, S et al. . Chronic back pain is associated with decreased prefrontal and thalamic gray matter density. J Neurosci 2004; 24: 10410–10415.Google Scholar
26.Small, DM, Apkarian, AV. Increased taste intensity perception exhibited by patients with chronic back pain. Pain 2006; 120: 124–130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Formaker, BK, Frank, ME. Taste function in patients with oral burning. Chem Senses 2000; 25: 575–581.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed