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Failure of vaccination to prevent outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

M. E. J. Woolhouse ,
D. T. Haydon ,
A. Pearson  and
R. P. Kitching
M. E. J. Woolhouse
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
D. T. Haydon
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK
A. Pearson
Affiliation:
Almarai Group, PO Box 8524, Riyadh 11492, Saudi Arabia
R. P. Kitching
Affiliation:
Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, UK
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Summary

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Outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease persist in dairy cattle herds in Saudi Arabia despite revaccination at intervals of 4–6 months. Vaccine trials provide data on antibody responses following vaccination. Using this information we developed a mathematical model of the decay of protective antibodies with which we estimated the fraction of susceptible animals at a given time after vaccination. The model describes the data well, suggesting over 95% take with an antibody half-life of 43 days. Farm records provided data on the time course of five outbreaks. We applied a ‘SLIR’ epidemiological model to these data, fitting a single parameter representing disease transmission rate. The analysis provides estimates of the basic reproduction number, R0, which may exceed 70 in some cases. We conclude that the critical intervaccination interval which would provide herd immunity against FMDV is unrealistically short, especially for heterologous challenge. We suggest that it may not be possible to prevent foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks on these farms using currently available vaccines.

Type
Special Article
Information
Epidemiology & Infection , Volume 116 , Issue 3 , June 1996 , pp. 363 - 371
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

References

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