Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T07:47:04.754Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Chemical, physical and mineralogical characteristics of some Turkish soils derived from volcanic material

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2011

N. Güzel  and
M. J. Wilson
N. Güzel
Affiliation:
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
M. J. Wilson
Affiliation:
Department of Mineral Soils, Macaulay Institute for Soil Research, Aberdeen, Scotland, AB9 2QJ.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The chemical, physical and mineralogical characteristics of five soil profiles developed on volcanic material on the Anatolian plateau of Turkey have been studied. The soils, which are mainly Entisols, have high pH values in the range 7·5 to 8·0, low amounts of organic matter (usually <1·0%), low available water capacities and a low to medium ability to sorb phosphate. The soil parent materials are basalts and tuffs which often contain large proportions of volcanic glass. Weathering of this material in the prevailing semi-arid climate results in the development of a smectite-dominated clay fraction with small amounts of kaolinite. The smectite usually yields anomalously high X-ray spacings, probably due to interstratification and absorption of interlamellar material. The characteristics of the Anatolian soils are in marked contrast to those of Andepts which have formed on similar parent materials in humid, temperate climates.

Keywords

Andeptsclay genesisclay mineralogyEntisolsmoisture characteristicsphosphate sorptionsoil smectiteTurkey.
Type
Research Article
Information
Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of The Royal Society of Edinburgh , Volume 74 , Issue 3 , 1983 , pp. 153 - 163
Copyright
Copyright © Royal Society of Edinburgh 1983

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

9. References

Brindley, G. W. & Kao, C. C. 1980. Formation, compositions and properties of hydroxy-Al and hydroxy-Mg-montmorillonite. CLAYS CLAY MINER 28, 435–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chapman, H. D. 1965. Total Exchangeable Bases. In Black, C. A. (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis Part 2, 902–904. Madison: American Society of Agronomy.Google Scholar
Day, P. R. 1956. Report of the Committee on Physical Analysis, 1954–1955. PROC SOIL SCI SOC AM 20, 167–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Güzel, N. & Wilson, M. J. 1982. Clay mineral studies of a soil chronosequence in southern Turkey. GEODERMA 25, 113–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hetier, J. M., Yoshinaga, N. & Weber, F. 1977. Formation of clay minerals in Andosols under temperate climate. CLAY MINER 12, 299–307.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Juo, A. S. R. & Fox, R. L. 1977. Phosphate sorption capacity of some benchmark soils in West Africa. SOIL SCI 124, 370–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kittrick, J. A. 1971. Montmorillonite equilibria and the weathering environment. PROC SOIL SCI SOC AM 35, 815–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peters, D. B. 1965. Water Availability. In Black, C. A. (ed.) Methods of Soil Analysis Part 1, 279–285. Madison: American Society of Agronomy.Google Scholar
Rajan, S. S. S. & Fox, R. L. 1975. Phosphate adsorption by Soils II. Reactions in tropical acid soils. PROC SOIL SCI SOC AM 39, 846–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, R.C. 1980. Interstratified Clay Minerals. In Brindley, G. W. & Brown, G. (eds) Crystal Structures of Clay Minerals and their X-ray Identification, 249–303. London: Mineralogical Society.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ross, M. 1968. X-ray diffraction effects by non-ideal crystals of biotite, muscovite, montmorillonite, mixed-layer clays, graphite and periclase. Z KRISTALLOGR 126, 80–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sawhney, B. L. 1968. Aluminium interlayers in layer silicates. CLAYS CLAY MINER 16, 157–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schollenberger, C. J. & Simon, R. H. 1945. Determination of exchangeable capacity and exchangeable bases in soil—Ammonium acetate method. SOIL SCI 59, 13–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slaughter, M. & Milne, I. H. 1960. The formation of chlorite-like structures from montmorillonite. CLAYS CLAY MINER 7, 114–24.Google Scholar
Shen, M. J. & Rich, C. I. 1962. Aluminium fixation in montmorillonite. PROC SOIL SCI SOC AM 26, 33–6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoops, G. J. 1976. On the nature of “lublinite” from Hollanta (Turkey). AM MINERAL 61, 172–3.Google Scholar
Violante, P. & Wilson, M. J. 1982. Mineralogy of some Italian Andosols with special reference to the origin of the clay fraction. GEODERMA 29, 157–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar