Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T05:30:55.618Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Precipitation and Transformation of Secondary Fe Oxyhydroxides in a Histosol Impacted by Runoff from a Lead Smelter

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2024

Xiaodong Gao  and
Darrell G. Schulze
Xiaodong Gao*
Affiliation:
Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85719-0038, USA
Darrell G. Schulze
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2054, USA
*
* E-mail address of corresponding author: [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Secondary Fe(III) oxyhydroxides play a key role in controlling the mobility and bioavailability of trace metals in acidic, sulfate-rich soils, such as mining and smelter sites. Schwertmannite, jarosite, goethite, and ferrihydrite are the most common mineral phases identified in such soils. A good understanding of the precipitation and transformation of these minerals in soils is very important for predicting the mobility and long-term stability of trace metals associated with them. In the present study, bulk powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), synchrotron based micro- X-ray diffraction (µ-XRD), and micro X-ray fluorescence (µ-SXRF) spectroscopy were used to investigate precipitates fromthe surface horizon of an organic soil (Histosol) at a site that once contained a lead smelter. Soil samples were collected from 0 to ≈10 cm depth during both wet and dry seasons. Goethite and akaganeite were identified as the major mineral phases in this soil. Schwertmannite and jarosite were also occasionally identified, particularly in the soil samples from dry periods. The peaks in the akaganeite XRD pattern were significantly broadened and the relative intensities of some major peaks were distinctly different compared with the diffraction pattern of synthetic akaganeite, possibly due to the effects of pH and the incorporation of sulfate. The SEM and µ-XRD data support the hypothesis that the goethite in the precipitates is not the product of direct precipitation froms olution but the transformation of previously precipitated schwertmannite or akaganeite.

Keywords

AkaganeiteFe OxyhydroxidesGoethiteJarositePrecipitatationSchwertmanniteTrace MetalsTransformation
Type
Article
Information
Clays and Clay Minerals , Volume 58 , Issue 3 , June 2010 , pp. 377 - 387
Copyright
Copyright © The Clay Minerals Society 2010

References

Acero, P. Ayora, C. Torrento, C. and Nieto, J.M., 2006 The behavior of trace elements during schwertmannite precipitation and subsequent transformation into goethite and jarosite Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70 4130–4139 10.1016/j.gca.2006.06.1367.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakoyannakis, D.N. Deliyanni, E.A. Zouboulis, A.I. Matis, K.A. Nalbandian, L. and Kehagias, T., 2003 Akaganeite and goethite-type nanocrystals: Synthesis and characterization Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 59 35–42 10.1016/S1387-1811(03)00274-9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bigham, J.M. Schwertmann, U. Carlson, L. and Murad, E., 1990 A poorly crystallized oxyhydroxysulfate of iron formed by bacterial oxidation of Fe(II) in acid-mine waters Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 54 2743–2758 10.1016/0016-7037(90)90009-A.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bigham, J.M. Schwertmann, U. Traina, S.J. Winland, R.L. and Wolf, M., 1996 Schwertmannite and the chemical modeling of iron in acid sulfate waters Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60 2111–2121 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00091-9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bigham, J.M. Fitzpatrick, R.W. Schulze, D.G., Dixon, J.B. Schulze, D.G., 2002 Iron oxides Soil Mineralogy with Environmental Application USA Soil Science Society of America, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin 323–366.Google Scholar
Bradley, K.S. Bigham, J.M. Jaynes, W.F. and Logan, T.J., 1986 Influence of sulfate on Fe-oxide formation: Comparisons with a stream receiving acid mine drainage Clays and Clay Minerals 34 266–274 10.1346/CCMN.1986.0340306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burton, E.D. Bush, R.T. and Sullivan, L.A., 2006 Sedimentary iron geochemistry in acidic waterways associated with coastal lowland acid sulfate soils Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 70 5455–5468 10.1016/j.gca.2006.08.016.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cai, J. Liu, J. Gao, Z. Navrotsky, A. and Suib, S.L., 2001 Synthesis and anion exchange of tunnel structure akaganeite Chemistry of Materials 13 4595–4602 10.1021/cm010310w.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlson, L. Bigham, J.M. Schwertmann, U. Kyek, A. and Wagner, F., 2002 Scavenging of As from acid mine drainage by schwertmannite and ferrihydrite: A comparison with synthetic analogues Environmental Science & Technology 36 1712–1719 10.1021/es0110271.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carroll, D. and Richmond, W.R., 2008 Incorporation of molybdate anion into β-FeOOH American Mineralogist 93 1641–1646 10.2138/am.2008.2858.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cornell, R.M. and Schwertmann, U., 2003 The Iron Oxides: Structure, Properties, Reactions, Occurrence and Uses Germany VCH, Weinheim 10.1002/3527602097.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deliyanni, E.A. and Matis, K.A., 2005 Sorption of Cd ions onto akaganeite-type nanocrystals Separation and Purification Technology 45 96–102 10.1016/j.seppur.2005.02.012.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deliyanni, E.A. Bakoyannakis, D.N. Zouboulis, A.I. and Matis, K.A., 2003 Sorption of As(V) ions by akaganeite-type nanocrystals Chemosphere 50 155–163 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00351-X.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dixit, S. and Hering, J.G., 2003 Comparison of arsenic(V) and arsenic(IH) sorption onto iron oxide minerals: Implications for arsenic mobility Environmental Science & Technology 37 4182–4189 10.1021/es030309t.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fitzpatrick, R. Degens, B. Baker, A. Raven, M. Shand, P. Smith, M. Rogers, S. George, R., Fitzpatrick, R. Shand, P., 2008 Avon Basin, WA Wheatbelt: Acid sulfate soils and salt efflorescences in open drains and receiving environments Inland Acid Sulfate Soil Systems Across Australia Australia CRC LEME, Perth 189–204.Google Scholar
Ford, R.G., 2002 Rates of hydrous ferric oxide crystallization and the influence on coprecipitated arsenate Environmental Science & Technology 36 2459–2463 10.1021/es015768d.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fukushi, K. Sato, T. and Yanase, N., 2003 Solid-solution reactions in As(V) sorption by schwertmannite Environmental Science & Technology 37 3581–3586 10.1021/es026427i.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gao, X. and Schulze, D.G., 2010 Chemical and mineralogical characterization of arsenic, lead, chromium, and cadmium in a metal-contaminated Histosol Geoderma 156 278–286 10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.02.027.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ishikawa, T. and Inouye, K., 1975 Role of chlorine in β-FeOOH on its thermal change and reactivity to sulfur dioxide Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 48 1580–1584 10.1246/bcsj.48.1580.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, B. and Renaut, R.W., 2007 Selective mineralization of microbes in Fe-rich precipitates (jarosite, hydrous ferric oxides) from acid hot springs in the Waiotapu geothermal area, North Island, New Zealand Sedimentary Geology 194 77–98 10.1016/j.sedgeo.2006.05.025.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jonsson, J. Persson, P. Sjoberg, S. and Lovgren, L., 2005 Schwertmannite precipitated from acid mine drainage: Phase transformation, sulphate release and surface properties Applied Geochemistry 20 179–191 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.04.008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jonsson, J. Jonsson, J. and Lovgren, L., 2006 Precipitation of secondary Fe(III) minerals from acid mine drainage Applied Geochemistry 21 437–445 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2005.12.008.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kawano, M. and Tomita, K., 2001 Geochemical modeling of bacterially induced mineralization of schwertmannite and jarosite in sulfuric acid spring water American Mineralogist 86 1156–1165 10.2138/am-2001-1005.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazaridis, N.K. Bakoyannakis, D.N. and Deliyanni, E.A., 2005 Chromium(VI) sorptive removal from aqueous solutions by nanocrystalline akaganeite Chemosphere 58 65–73 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.007.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Linehan, J.C. Darab, J.G. Matson, D.W. Chen, X. and Amonette, J.E., 1997 Synthesis and characterization of akaganeite-like ferric oxyhydroxides Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings 432 157–161 10.1557/PROC-432-157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murad, E., 1979 Mossbauer and X-ray data of β-FeOOH (akaganeite) Clay Minerals 23 161–173 10.1180/claymin.1988.023.2.04.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murad, E. Schwertmann, U. Bigham, J.M. Carlson, L., Alpers, C.N. Blowes, D.W., 1994 The mineralogical characteristics of poorly crystalline precipitates formed by oxidation of Fe2+ in acid sulfate waters Environmental Geochemistry of Sulfate Oxidation Washington, D.C. American Chemical Society 190–200.Google Scholar
Nesterova, M. Moreau, J. and Banfield, J.F., 2003 Model biomimetic studies of templated growth and assembly of nanocrystalline FeOOH Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67 1177–1187 10.1016/S0016-7037(02)01180-8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Regenspurg, S. and Peiffer, S., 2005 Arsenate and chromate incorporation in schwertmannite Applied Geochemistry 20 1226–1239 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.12.002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Remazeilles, C. and Refait, P., 2007 On the formation of β-FeOOH (akaganeite) in chloride-containing environments Corrosion Science 49 844–857 10.1016/j.corsci.2006.06.003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rhoades, J.D. and Sparks, D.L., 2002 Salinity: Electrical Conductivity and total dissolved solids Methods of Soil Analysis: Part 3 Chemical Methods USA Soil Science Society of America, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin 417–435.Google Scholar
Rohwerder, T. Gehrke, T. Kinzler, K. and Sand, W., 2003 Bioleaching review part A: Progress in bioleaching: fundamentals and mechanisms of bacterial metal sulfide oxidation Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 63 239–248 10.1007/s00253-003-1448-7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schroth, A.W. and Parnell, R.A., 2005 Trace metal retention through the schwertmannite to goethite transformation as observed in a field setting, Alta Mine, MT Applied Geochemistry 20 907–917 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2004.09.020.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, B. Wilson, M.J. McHardy, W.J. Fraser, A.R. and Merrington, G., 1999 Mineralogy and chemistry of ochre sediments from an acid mine drainage near a disused mine in Cornwall, UK Clay Minerals 34 301–317 10.1180/000985599546172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sullivan, L.A. and Bush, R.T., 2004 Iron precipitate accumulations associated with waterways in drained coastal acid sulfate landscapes of eastern Australia Marine and Freshwater Research 55 727–736 10.1071/MF04072.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Webster, J.G. Swedlund, P.J. and Webster, K.S., 1998 Trace metal adsorption onto an acid mine drainage iron(III) oxy hydroxy sulfate Environmental Science & Technology 32 1361–1368 10.1021/es9704390.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yu, J.Y. Heo, B. Choi, I.K. Cho, J.P. and Chang, H.W., 1999 Apparent solubilities of schwertmannite and ferrihydrite in natural stream waters polluted by mine drainage Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 63 3407–3416 10.1016/S0016-7037(99)00261-6.CrossRefGoogle Scholar