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Classical and Biblical Scholarship in the Age of the Renaissance and Reformation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 July 2009

Dean P. Lockwood  and
Roland H. Bainton
Dean P. Lockwood
Affiliation:
Haverford College
Roland H. Bainton
Affiliation:
Yale Divinity School
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Extract

Humanists and reformers in the age of the Renaissance and Reformation were concerned for the revival of antiquity both classical and Biblical. Some stressed one and some the other and some like Erasmus were interested in both. Because of the close relation of the two fields, we have brought together into one chapter two essays dealing first with the classical and then with the Biblical scholarship of our period.

Type
Articles
Information
Church History , Volume 10 , Issue 2 , June 1941 , pp. 125 - 143
Copyright
Copyright © American Society of Church History 1941

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References

1 The Committee on Renaissance Studies of the American Council of Learned Societies is sponsoring the publication of a work surveying and evaluating the recent scholarship in the field broadly designated as the Renaissance and ranging roughly from 1450 to 1650. The chapters will first appear in the journals and will subsequently be gathered together in one or more volumes.

2 The Renaissance and English Humanism (Toronto, 1939), 40–41.Google Scholar

3 Rost, Hans, Die Bibel im Mittelalter (Augsburg, 1939)Google Scholar. The bibliography of printed Bibles in many European tongues runs well into the sixteenth century.

4 Berger, Samuel, La Bible au seizième siècle (Paris, 1879).Google Scholar

5 Farrar, Frederick W., History of Interpretation (New York, 1886).Google Scholar

6 On the Biblical interests of the humanists we have: Lindeboom, J., Set Bijbelsch Humanisme in Nederland (Leiden, 1913)Google Scholar, and Hak, H. J., “De Humanistische Waardeering van de H. Schrift in het bijsonder bij Marsilio Ficino eu Faber Stapulensis,” Archief voor Nederlandsche Kerkgeschiedenis, N. S. XXIX (1937), 77–90Google Scholar. Semitic studies, in general, are admirably covered in the bibliography of Karl Sehottenloher, Bibliographie nur deutschen Geschichte (Leipzig, 1933–1939)Google Scholar, under the rubric Hebräisches Sprachstudium.

7 Copinger, Walter Arthur, The Bible and its Transmission, (London, 1897).Google Scholar

8 Guppy, Henry, A brief sketch of the history of the transmission of the Bible (Manchester, 1936).Google Scholar

9 Copinger, Walter Arthur, Catalogue of the Copinger Collection (Manchester, 1893, with many facsimiles)Google Scholar. Descriptions are given in the work by him listed above.

10 Taylor, Archer, Problems in German Literary History (New York, 1939), 35–36Google Scholar. See also Schottenloher, 's BibliographieGoogle Scholar under Luther and for the whole subject under “Bibel-Ausgaben,” “Bibelglossar,” “Bibelillustrationen.”

11 Knappen, M. M., “William Tindale—First English Puritan,” Church History, V (1936), 201–205.Google Scholar

12 Fry, Francis, A bibliographical Description of The New Testament (London, 1878)Google Scholar, covers forty editions of Tindale with 73 plates. Francis Fry, A Description of the Great Bible (and of other editions down to 1640. Half the volume consists of faesimilies. London, 1865). Alfred William Pollard, Records of the English Bible: The documents relating to the translation and publication of the Bible in English, 1525–1611 (London, 1911)Google Scholar. Slater, John Rothwell, “The sources of Tyndale's Version of the Pentateuch.” (Diss., Chicago, 1906)Google Scholar. Gerberieh, Albert H., “Luther and the English Bible.” (Diss., Johns Hopkins, Lancaster, Pa., 1933)Google Scholar. Guppy, Henry, William Tindale, (Bull. John Rylands Lib., IX 2 [1925])Google Scholar. Guppy, Henry, Miles Coverdale, (Bull. John Rylands Lib., XIX, 2 [1935])Google Scholar. Cleaveland, Elizabeth Whittlesey, “A study of Tindale's Genesis compared with the Genesis of Coverdale and of the Authorized Version.” Yale Studies in English, XLIII, (New York, 1911)Google Scholar. Swearingen, Grace F., “Die englische Schriftsprache bei Coverdale,” (Diss., Berlin, 1904)Google Scholar. Harold Bideput Willoughby, “A Census of the Extant Coverdale Bibles,” (n. d. n. p. mimeographed).

13 French translations are covered by Van Eys, Willem J., Bibliographie des Bibles et des nouveaux Testaments en langue française des XV. et XVI siècles (2 vols., Geneva, 1900 and 1901)Google Scholar. Consult also Kunze, Horst, “Die Bibelübersetzungen von Lefèvre d'Étaples und von P. R. Olivetan,” Leipziger Romanistische Studien (Leipzig, 1935)Google Scholar. Dutch translations are treated by van Druten, H., Gesehiedenis der Nederlandsche Bijbelvertaling (2 vols., Leiden, 1895–1898)Google Scholar, a work which I have not been able to consult. For the Spanish translator, Cassiodore de Reina, there is still no better study than the old one by Boehmer, Edward in Bibliotheca Wiffeniana, II, (Strassburg, 1883)Google Scholar. Samuel Berger deals chiefly with the manuscript versions, but also with the printed translations of the sixteenth century into Spanish and Portuguese in his “Les Bibles Castillanes,” Romania, XXVIII (1899)Google Scholar. For bibliography of works dealing with translations into Italian and the Slavic tongues see Rost, Hans, Die Bibel im Mittelalter (Augsburg, 1939), 376–78.Google Scholar

14 Greenslade, Compare S. L., The Work of William Tindale with an essay by C. D. Bone comparing the translations of More and Tindale (London, 1938).Google Scholar

15 See the articles by Douen in the appendix of volume I of Buisson, Ferdinand, Sébastien Castellion (Paris, 1892).Google Scholar

16 Holzhey, Karl, Die Inspiration der hl. Schrift (München, 1895).Google Scholar

17 Schempp, Paul, “Luthers Stellung zur heiligen Schrift”, Forsch, zur Gesch. und Lehre des Prot., III (1929)Google Scholar, stresses the Christological interest, but neglects the older literature. This can be found by consulting Schottenloher under “Luther” and then under “Schriftprinzip.” Luther's early lectures on Romans and Hebrews have been made available in critical editions in the series Anfänge reformatorischer Bibelauslegung, edited by Johannes Ficker.

18 See Cramer, J. A., De heilige Schrift bij Calvijn (Utrecht, 1906).Google Scholar

19 Moldaenke, Günter, “Schriftverständnis und Schriftdeutung im Zeitalter der Reformation. Teil I. Matthias Flaeius Illyricus.” Forsch, z. Kirchen- und Geistesgeschichte, IX (1936).Google Scholar

20 See Church History, VII (1938), 183.Google Scholar

21 Maronier, J. H., Het Inwendig Woord (Amsterdam, 1890)Google Scholar. Grützmacher, Richard H., Wort und Geist (Leipzig, 1902).Google Scholar

22 His tract on the canon is reprinted by Credner, Karl August, Zur Geschichte des Canons (Halle, 1847).Google Scholar

23 Matthew 28:19. Parrar, Frederick W.'s History of Interpretation (New York, 1886)Google Scholar, though still useful in. its way, by no means covers all of this territory.

24 Baron, Hans, “Calvinist Republicanism,” Church History, VIII (1939), 30–42.Google Scholar

25 See my article, “The Parables of the Tares,” Church History, I (1932), 67–89.Google Scholar

26 See my article, “The Immoralities of the Patriarchs,” Harvard Theological Review, XXIII (1930), 39–49.Google Scholar

27 Coleman, Edward D., The Bible in English Drama (New York, 1931)Google Scholar. Attention may be called also to Erwin Kohler, “Entwicklung des biblischen Dramas des 16 Jhr. in Frankreich.” (Diss., Naumburg, a. S., 1911). Joseph Herrlich, “Das englische Bibeldrama zur Zeit der Renaissanee und Reformation.” (Diss., München, 1907), which gives particular attention to Udall, but adds bibliography on Bale, Buchanan, etc. Ernst Nahde, “Der reiche Mann und der arme Lazarus.” (Diss., Jena, 1928), adds bibliography on works treating the dramatization of Susanna, the Prodigal, Esther and Tobias. Cf. also Taylor, Archer, Problems in German Lit. History, 108–9Google Scholar. Gillett, Joseph E., “The German dramatist of the sixteenth century and his Bible,” Publ. Mod. Lang. Ass., XXXIV (1919), 465–93.Google Scholar

28 Schmidt, Philip, “Die Bibelillustrationen als Laienexegese,” Festschrift Gustav Benz (Basel, 1935), 228–39Google Scholar. A guide in general to the Biblical illustrating of the period will be found under the caption “Bibelausstattung” in Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart.