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Device closure of atrial septal defect: medium-term outcome with special reference to complications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 July 2011

Masood Sadiq ,
Tehmina Kazmi ,
Asif U. Rehman ,
Farhan Latif ,
Najam Hyder  and
Shakeel A. Qureshi
Masood Sadiq*
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric Cardiology, The Children's Hospital, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Pakistan
Tehmina Kazmi
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric Cardiology, The Children's Hospital, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Pakistan
Asif U. Rehman
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Ghaus-ul-Azam Road, Lahore, Pakistan
Farhan Latif
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Punjab Institute of Cardiology, Ghaus-ul-Azam Road, Lahore, Pakistan
Najam Hyder
Affiliation:
Department of Paediatric Cardiology, The Children's Hospital, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Pakistan
Shakeel A. Qureshi
Affiliation:
Department of Congenital Heart Disease, Evelina Children's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
*
Correspondence to: Professor Dr Masood Sadiq, FRCPCH, FRCP(Ed), Head Department of Paediatric Cardiology, The Children's Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Ferozepur Road, Lahore, Pakistan. Tel: 0092-42-99231723; Fax: 0092-42-99230358; E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Background

There are concerns over the outcome of device closure of secundum atrial septal defect with special reference to erosions and aortic regurgitation.

Aim

To assess the medium-term outcome of device closure of atrial septal defects with special reference to complications.

Methods

A total of 205 patients with secundum atrial septal defects underwent transcatheter closure from October, 1999 to April, 2009. The median age was 18 (1.4–55) years. Amplatzer Septal Occluder was used in all the patients. Medium-term follow-up was available in 176 of 200 (88%) patients.

Results

Device closure was successful in 200 out of 205 (98%) patients. The device embolised in four patients and was associated with short inferior caval vein margin (p = 0.003). Balloon sizing in 71 patients (35%) resulted in implantation of a larger device (p = 0.002). Early complications included pericardial effusion, 2:1 heart block, and infective endocarditis (1 patient each). There were eight patients who reported migraine (3.9%). At median follow-up of 5.8 (0.6–10.3) years, complete closure occurred in 197 out of 200 patients. Short superior caval vein margin was associated with a residual shunt (p < 0.001). There were two patients who developed mild aortic regurgitation (1%), which correlated with a device-to-defect ratio of >1.3:1 (p = 0.001). There were no erosions, late embolisation, or thromboembolism. Atrial fibrillation occurred in three adults (1.5%).

Conclusions

Device closure of secundum atrial septal defects using Amplatzer Septal Occluder is safe and effective in the medium term. Short inferior caval vein margin correlates with increased risk of embolisation and short superior caval vein margin with a residual shunt. The risk of developing aortic regurgitation is low and correlates with increased device-to-defect ratio.

Keywords

Congenital heart diseaseinterventionsfollow-upatrial septal defect
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 22 , Issue 1 , February 2012 , pp. 71 - 78
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2011

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