Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dlnhk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-30T19:32:06.343Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The evaluation of arterial stiffness of essential hypertension and white coat hypertension in children: a case-control study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 December 2017

Semiha Terlemez Tokgöz ,
Dilek Yılmaz ,
Yavuz Tokgöz ,
Bülent Çelik  and
Yasin Bulut
Semiha Terlemez Tokgöz*
Affiliation:
Pediatric Cardiology Department, Medicine Faculty, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
Dilek Yılmaz
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
Yavuz Tokgöz
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
Bülent Çelik
Affiliation:
Faculty Statistics, Gazi University Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
Yasin Bulut
Affiliation:
Department of Pediatric, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
*
Correspondence to: S. Terlemez Tokgöz, Pediatric Cardiology Department, Medicine Faculty, Adnan Menderes University, 09100 Aydın, Turkey. Tel: +90 532 721 76 89; Fax: +90 2564122573; E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Background

The aim of this study was to determine and compare cardiovascular risks by assessing arterial stiffness in children with essential hypertension and white coat hypertension.

Methods

Paediatric patients followed up with essential hypertension and white coat hypertension diagnoses and with no established end organ damage were involved in the study. Arterial stiffness in children included in the study was evaluated and compared by using the oscillometric device (Mobil-O-Graph) method.

Results

A total of 62 essential hypertension (34 male, 28 female), 38 white coat hypertension (21 male, 17 female), and 60 healthy controls (33 male, 27 female) were assessed in the present study. Pulse wave velocity of the essential hypertension, white coat hypertension, and control group was, respectively, as follows: 5.3±0.6 (m/s), 5.1±0.4 (m/s), 4.3±0.4 (m/s) (p<0.001); augmentation index outcomes were, respectively, determined as follows: 21.3±6.5, 19.3±6.4, 16.0±0.3 (p<0.001). Pulse wave velocity and augmentation index values of children with essential hypertension and white coat hypertension were found to be higher compared with the control group. This level was identified as correlated with the duration of hypertension in both patient groups (p<0.01).

Conclusion

Arterial stiffness in children with essential hypertension and white coat hypertension was impaired compared with healthy children. This finding has made us think that white coat hypertension is not an innocent clinical situation. This information should be taken into consideration in the follow-up and treatment approaches of the patients.

Keywords

Essential hypertensionwhite coat hypertensionarterial stiffness
Type
Original Articles
Information
Cardiology in the Young , Volume 28 , Issue 3 , March 2018 , pp. 403 - 408
Check for updates
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Brewer, ED. Evaluation of hypertension in childhood disease. In: Avner ED, Harmon WE, Niaudet P, (eds) Pediatric Nephrology, 5th edn. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2004: 1179–1197.Google Scholar
2. Lewington, S, Clarke, R, Qizilbash, N, et al. Age-specific relevance of usual blood pressure to vascular mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults in 61 prospective studies. Lancet 2002; 360: 1903–1913.Google Scholar
3. Mangena, P, Saban, S, Hlabyago, KE, Rayner, B. An approach to the young hypertensive patient. S Afr Med J 2016; 106: 36–38.Google Scholar
4. Gupta-Malhotra, M, Hashmi, SS, Barratt, MS, Milewicz, DM, Shete, S. Childhood-onset essential hypertension and the family structure. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2016; 18: 431–438.Google Scholar
5. Cuspidi, C, Rescaldani, M, Tadic, M, Sala, C, Grassi, G, Mancia, G. White-coat hypertension, as defined by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, and subclinical cardiac organ damage: a meta-analysis. J Hypertens 2015; 33: 24–32.Google Scholar
6. Ihm, SH, Youn, HJ, Park, CS, et al. Target organ status in white-coat hypertensives: usefulness of serum procollagen type I propeptide in the respect of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Circ J 2009; 73: 100–105.Google Scholar
7. Tadic, M, Cuspidi, C, Ivanovic, B, et al. The impact of white-coat hypertension on cardiac mechanics. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2016; 18: 617–622.Google Scholar
8. Briasoulis, A, Androulakis, E, Palla, M, Papageorgiou, N, Tousoulis, D. White-coat hypertension and cardiovascular events: a meta-analysis. J Hypertens 2016; 34: 593–599.Google Scholar
9. Tientcheu, D, Ayers, C, Das, SR, et al. Target organ complications and cardiovascular events associated with masked hypertension and white coat hypertension: analysis from the Dallas Heart Study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 66: 2159–2169.Google Scholar
10. Satoh, M, Asayama, K, Kikuya, M, et al. Long-term stroke risk due to partial white-coat or masked hypertension based on home and ambulatory blood pressure measurements: The Ohasama Study. Hypertension 2016; 67: 48–55.Google Scholar
11. Filipovský, J. White-coat hypertension and masked hypertension. Vnitr Lek 2015; 61: 401–405.Google Scholar
12. Harris, KC, Benoit, G, Dionne, J, et al. Hypertension Canada’s 2016 Canadian Hypertension Education Program Guidelines for blood pressure measurement, diagnosis, and assessment of risk of pediatric hypertension. Can J Cardiol 2016; 32: 589–597.Google Scholar
13. Sarafidis, PA, Georgianos, PI, Karpetas, A, et al. Evaluation of a novel brachial cuff-based oscillometric method for estimating central systolic pressure in hemodialysis patients. Am J Nephrol 2014; 40: 242–250.Google Scholar
14. Feistritzer, HJ, Reinstadler, SJ, Klug, G, et al. Comparison of an oscillometric method with cardiac magnetic resonance for the analysis of aorticpulse wave velocity. PLoS One 2015; 22: 10.Google Scholar
15. Luzardo, L, Lujambio, I, Sottolano, M, et al. 24-h ambulatory recording of aortic pulse wave velocity and central systolic augmentation: a feasibility study. Hypertens Res 2012; 35: 980–987.Google Scholar
16. Weiss, W, Gohlisch, C, Harsch-Gladisch, C, Tölle, M, Zidek, W, van der Giet, M. Oscillometric estimation of central blood pressure: validation of the Mobil-O-Graph in comparison with the SphygmoCor device. Blood Press Monit 2012; 17: 128–131.Google Scholar
17. Hametner, B, Wassertheurer, S, Kropf, J, Mayer, C, Eber, B, Weber, T. Oscillo-metric estimation of aortic pulse wave velocity: comparison with intra-aortic catheter measurements. Blood Press Monit 2013; 18: 173–176.Google Scholar
18. Protogerou, AD, Smulyan, H, Safar, ME. Closer to noninvasive out-of-office aortic blood pressure assessment: a time to think and act. Hypertension 2011; 58: 765–767.Google Scholar
19. Koebnick, C, Black, MH, Wu, J, et al. The prevalence of primary pediatric prehypertension and hypertension in a real-world managed care system. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2013; 15: 784–792.Google Scholar
20. Keenan, NL, Rosendorf, KA. Prevalence of hypertension and controlled hypertension – United States, 2005–2008. MMWR Surveill Summ 2011; 60: 94–97.Google Scholar
21. Robinson, RF, Batisky, DL, Hayes, JR, Nahata, MC, Mahan, JD. Significance of heritability in primary and secondary pediatric hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2005; 18: 917–921.Google Scholar
22. Yucel, C, Demir, S, Demir, M, et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy and arterial stiffness in essential hypertension. Bratisl Lek Listy 2015; 116: 714–718.Google Scholar
23. Zhao, G, Li, SH, Tan, X. A clinical study on the relationship of autonomic nervous function and arteriosclerosis in patients with essential hypertension. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2016; 44: 226–230.Google Scholar
24. Bertacchini, F, Paini, A, Salvetti, M, et al. Cardiac and vascular damage in patients with primary aldosteronism and essential hypertension. J Hypertens 2015; 33: 122.Google Scholar
25. Liu, Q, Dong, H, Meng, L, et al. [Impacts of hypertension on early changes of cardiovascular structure and function among children: a case-control study]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2015; 36: 332–336.Google Scholar
26. Stergiou, GS, Kollias, A, Giovas, PP, Papagiannis, J, Roussias, LG. Ambulatory arterial stiffness index, pulse pressure and pulse wave velocity in children and adolescents. Hypertens Res 2010; 33: 1272–1277.Google Scholar
27. Wojciechowska, W, Stolarz-Skrzypek, K, Olszanecka, A, et al. Subclinical arterial and cardiac damage in white-coat and masked hypertension. Blood Press 2016; 25: 249–256.Google Scholar