Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 June 2014
* Research related to this article has been supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. An earlier version of this article was presented at “The Expanding Surveillance Net” Workshop, Queen's University, Kingston09 9, 2011Google Scholar. For helpful comments we thank Kevin Haggerty, as well as the anonymous reviewers for this journal.
1 Abu-Laban, Yasmeen and Bakan, Abigail B., “The ‘Israelization’ of Social Sorting and the ‘Palestinianization’ of the Racial Contract: Refraining Israel/Palestine and the War on Terror,” in Surveillance and Control in Israel/Palestine: Population, Territory and Power, ed. Zureik, Elia, Lyon, David, and Abu-Laban, Yasmeen (London: Routledge, 2011)Google Scholar.
2 Ibid.
3 Lyon, David, Surveillance Studies: An Overview (Cambridge: Polity Press, 2007), 1Google Scholar.
4 Abu-Laban and Bakan, “The ‘Israelization’ of Social Sorting.“
5 Government of Canada, Harper Government Announces Exploratory Talks to Expand the Canada-Israel Free Trade Agreement, Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DFAIT) Canada (10 10, 2010), http://www.international.gc.ca/media_commerce/comm/news-communiques/2010/330.aspxGoogle Scholar; Public Safety Canada, Declaration of Intent Between the Department of Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness of Canada and the Ministry of Public Security of the Government of the State of Israel (03 23, 2008), http://www.publicsafety.gc.ca/media/nr/2008/nr20080323-l-eng.aspxGoogle Scholar; Kilibarda, Kole, “Canadian and Israeli Defense-Industrial and Homeland Security Ties: An Analysis“ (working paper, The New Transparency: Surveillance and Social Sorting Project, Queen's University, 11 2008), http://www.sscqueens.org/resources/online-reportsGoogle Scholar.
6 Amit, Zalman and Levit, Daphna, Israeli Rejectionism: A Hidden Agenda in the Middle East Peace Process (London: Pluto Press, 2011), 135–56Google Scholar.
7 Zureik, Elia, “Colonialism, Surveillance, and Population Control: Israel/Palestine,” in Surveillance and Control in Israel/Palestine: Population, Territory and Power, ed. Zureik, Elia, Lyon, David, and Abu-Laban, Yasmeen (London: Routledge, 2011), 17Google Scholar.
8 Ibid.
9 See generally Bakan, Abigail B. and Abu-Laban, Yasmeen, “Israel/Palestine, South Africa and the ‘One-State Solution’: The Case for an Apartheid Analysis,” Politikon: South African Journal of Political Studies 37, 2-3 (2010), 331CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
10 Ibid.
11 Ibid.
12 Ibid; Davis, Uri, Apartheid Israel: Possibilities for the Struggle Within (London: Zed Books, 2003)Google Scholar; Dugard, John, “Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid“ (United Nations Audiovisual Library of International Law, 2008). http://www.un.org/law/avl/Google Scholar; Dugard, John, “Foreword,” in Israeli Apartheid: A Beginner's Guide, ed. White, Ben (London: Pluto, 2009)Google Scholar; Falk, Richard, Situation of Human Rights in the Palestinian Territories Occupied Since 1967 (United Nations General Assembly, Sixty-third Session, Item 67(c) of the Provisional Agenda, 2008)Google Scholar; Jamjoum, Hazem, “Not an Analogy: Israel and the Crime of Apartheid,” Common Dream, 03 31, 2009, http://www.commondreams.org/view/2009/03/31-15Google Scholar.
13 Brodkin, Karen, How Jews became White Folks and What That Says about Race in America (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1999), 23Google Scholar.
14 Bakan and Abu-Laban, “Israel/Palestine, South Africa and the ‘One-State Solution’.“
15 See generally Nadeau, Mary-Jo and Sears, Alan, “The Palestine Test: Countering the Silencing Campaign,” Studies in Political Economy 85 (2010), 7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
16 Citizenship and Immigration Canada, Minister Kenney Issues Statement on Israeli Apartheid Week (03 3, 2009), http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/DEPARTMENT/media/statements/2009/2009-03-03.aspGoogle Scholar.
17 House of Commons, Debates 145, 7 (2010), 1520Google Scholar.
18 Ignatieff, Michael, Statement by Liberal Leader Michael Ignatieffon Israeli Apartheid Week (03 7, 2011), http://www.liberal.ca/newsroom/news-release/statement-liberal-leader-michael-ignatieff-israeli-apartheid-week/Google Scholar.
19 Boesveld, Sarah, “Ottawa Slams Israeli Apartheid Week,” National Post (03 11, 2011), http://www.nationalpost.com/news/Ottawa+slams+Israeli+Apartheid+Week/4427045/story.html (last accessed August 28, 2011)Google Scholar.
20 Ignatieff, Michael, “Why Bush Must Send in His Troops: Imposing a Two-State Solution is the Last Chance for Middle East Peace,” The Guardian (04 19, 2002), http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2002/apr/19/israel3Google Scholar; O'Keefe, Derrick, Michael Ignatieff: The Lesser Evil? (London: Verso, 2011)Google Scholar.
21 Legislative Assembly of Ontario, Hansard, “Israeli Apartheid Week“ (02 25, 2010), http://www.ontla.on.ca/web/houseproceedings/house_detail.do?Date=2010-02-25&Parl=39&Sess=1&locale=en#P609_160349Google Scholar.
22 Dale, Daniel, “Pride Prohibits Phrase ‘Israeli Apartheid’,” TheStar.com (05 21, 2010), http://www.thestar.com/printarticle/813053Google Scholar.
23 QUAIA Deputation, “QUAIA Deputation-Pride 2011,” rabble.ca (05 27, 2011), http://rabble.ca/print/rabbletv/program-guide/2011/05/best-net/quaia-deputation-pride-2011Google Scholar.
24 Canadian Parliamentary Coalition to Combat Antisemitism (CPCCA), “Report of the Inquiry Panel“ (07 2011), 1Google Scholar.
25 See Abella, Irving and Troper, Harold, None is Too Many: Canada and the Jews of Europe, 1933-1948 (Toronto: Lester and Orpen Dennys, 1983)Google Scholar.
26 African Legal Clinic et al., “Joint Statement of the Canadian Civil Society,” Durban Dispatches (04 24, 2009), http://clcdurbandispatches.blogspot.com/2009/04/canadian-labour-congress-durban.htmlGoogle Scholar.
27 Glover, Danny, “Race and the Obama Administration,” The Nation (04 20, 2009), http://www.thenation.com/article/race-and-obama-administrationGoogle Scholar; Klein, Naomi, “Minority Death March: Jews, Blacks and the ‘Post-Racial’ Presidency,” Harper's (09 2009), 53Google Scholar.
28 Ottawa, Canpalnet, “Tainted by Partisanship, the Canadian Parliamentary Coalition to Combat Antisemitism Loses Bloc Quebecois“ (03 12, 2010), http://www.canpalnet-ottawa.org/BQ-CPCCA.htmlGoogle Scholar.
29 Palestine Freedom of Expression Campaign (PFEX), “The CPCCA's Hidden Message: Silencing Criticism of Israeli Apartheid” (05 2010), http://www.freeexpressionpalestine.orgGoogle Scholar.
30 Keefer, Michael, Anti-Semitism Real and Imagined: Responses to the Canadian Parliamentary Coalition to Combat Anti-Semitism (Toronto: Canadian Charger, 2010), 7–8Google Scholar.
31 Canadian Parliamentary Coalition to Combat Antisemitism (CPCCA), “Canadian Parliamentary Coalition to Combat Antisemitism Releases Final Inquiry Panel Report“ (07 7. 2011), http://www.cpcca.caGoogle Scholar.
32 Sheen, David, “Canadian MP Cotler: Calling Israel an Apartheid State Can Be Legitimate Free Speech,” Haaretz (07 1, 2011), http://www.haaretz.com/misc/article-print-page/canadian-mp-cotler-c…gitimate-free-speech-1.370545?trailingPath=2.169%2C2.212%2C2.214%2CGoogle Scholar.
33 See generally Cairns, James and Ferguson, Susan, “Human Rights Revisionism and the Canadian Parliamentary Coalition to Combat Antisemitism,” Canadian Journal of Communication 36 (2011), 415CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
34 Abigail Bakan, “The ‘Jewish Question’: Reconsidering Race, Class and Colonialism,” in Theorizing Anti-Racism: Rethinking the Tensions Between Marxism and Critical Race Theory, ed. Abigail B. Bakan and Enakshi Dua (manuscript); Arendt, Hannah, The Jewish Writings (New York: Schocken, 2007)Google Scholar; Butler, Judith, “The Charge of Anti-Semitism: Jews, Israel, and the Risks of Public Critique,” in Postzionism: A Reader, ed. Silberman, Laurence J. (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2008)Google Scholar.
35 See generally Abu-Laban, Yasmeen and Bakan, Abigail B., “The Racial Contract: Israel/Palestine and Canada,” Social Identities: Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture 14, 5 (09, 2008), 637CrossRefGoogle Scholar.
36 See generally Barry, Donald, “Canada and the Middle East Today: Electoral Politics and Foreign Policy,” Arab Studies Quarterly 32, 4 (2010), 191Google Scholar; Engler, Yves, Canada and Israel: Building Apartheid (Vancouver: RED Publishing, 2010)Google Scholar.
37 Abu-Laban, and Bakan, , “The Racial Contract,” 647Google Scholar.
38 Taylor, Louisa, “Canadians No Longer Always Good Guys: Amnesty,” Ottawa Citizen (02 2, 2009), http://www.canada.com/news/Canadians+always+good+guys+Amnesty/1242167/story.htmlGoogle Scholar.
39 Engler, Yves, “Canada Becomes Israel,” Electronic Intifada (02 12, 2009), http://electronicintifada.net/content/canada-becomes-israel/8058Google Scholar.
40 Abu-Laban and Bakan, “The ‘Israelization’ of Social Sorting.“
41 Pappe, Han, “The Killings Fields of Gaza 2004-2009,” in Gaza in Crisis: Reflections on Israel's War Against the Palestinians, ed. Chomsky, Noam and Pappe, Ilan (Chicago: Haymarket Books, 2010), 180Google Scholar.
42 Klein, Naomi, The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism (Toronto: Alfred A. Knopf Canada, 2007)Google Scholar; Gordon, Neve, “Israel's Emergence as a Homeland Security Capital”, in Surveillance and Control in Israel/Palestine: Population, Territory and Power, ed. Zureik, Elia, Lyon, David, and Abu-Laban, Yasmeen (London: Routledge, 2011)Google Scholar; Whitaker, Reg, “Behavioural Profiling in Israeli Aviation Security as a Tool for Social Control,” in Surveillance and Control in Israel/Palestine: Population, Territory and Power, ed. Zureik, Elia, Lyon, David, and Abu-Laban, Yasmeen (London: Routledge, 2011)Google Scholar.
43 Kirkwood, R. Cort, “Norwegian Bomber Is Fundamentalist Christian, Officials Say,” The New American (07 23, 2011), http://www.thenewamerican.comGoogle Scholar.
44 See generally Abu-Laban, Yasmeen, “Liberalism, Multiculturalism and the Problem of Essentialism,” Citizenship Studies 6, 4 (2002)CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Abu-Laban, Yasmeen, “The New North America and the Segmentation of Canadian Citizenship,” International Journal of Canadian Studies 29, 1 (2004)Google Scholar.
45 Abu-Laban, “The New North America.“
46 Abu-Laban, Yasmeen and Nath, Nisha, “From Deportation to Apology: The Case of Maher Arar and the Canadian State,” Canadian Ethnc Studies 39, 3 (2007)Google Scholar.
47 Lobel, Jules, “Extraordinary Rendition and the Constitution: The Case of Maher Arar,” Review of Litigation 28, 2 (2008), 482Google Scholar.
48 Lobel, , “Extraordinary Rendition and the Constitution,” 483–85Google Scholar.
49 Abu-Laban and Nath, “From Deportation to Apology.“
50 Ibid.
51 Lobel, , “Extraordinary Rendition and the Constitution,” 487Google Scholar.
52 Abu-Laban and Nath, “From Deportation to Apology.“
53 Toronto Coalition to Stop the War v Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness), [2009] 326 FC 2.
54 Ibid, 4.
55 Ibid., 5.
56 Toronto Coalition to Stop the War v Canada (Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness), [2010] 957 FC 10.
57 Ibid., 4.
58 Ibid., 18.
59 Abu-Laban, Yasmeen and Gabriel, Christina, Selling Diversity: Immigration, Multiculturalism, Employment Equity and Globalization (Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press, 2002)Google Scholar.
60 Campaign, Voices-Voix, “About the Coalition“ (2011), http://voices-voix.ca/en/aboutGoogle Scholar.
61 Neve, Alex, “The Big Chill: Basic Freedoms of Speech and Advocacy Are Now Under Siege,” The Monitor (03 1, 2011), http://www.policyalternatives.ca/publications/monitor/big-chillGoogle Scholar.
62 NGO Monitor, “About NGO Monitor Israel: Our Mission Statement,” Annual Report (2008), http://www.ngo-monitor.org/articles.php?type=aboutGoogle Scholar.
63 NGO Monitor, “NIF, other NGOs Endorse Statement Condemning Antisemitism at Durban 2001 Conference and Pledging Not to Oppose Use of UN Fora for Incitement and ‘Any Form of Racism Including Antisemitism“ (2008), http://www.ngo-monitor.org/article.php?id=1768Google Scholar.
64 NGO Monitor, “Analyzing the Durban II Conference: Interview with Gerald Steinberg” (04 1, 2010), http://www.ngomonitor.org/article/analyzing_the_durban_ii_conference_interview_with_gerald_steinbergGoogle Scholar.
65 NGO Monitor, “NGO Monitor's Submission to Canadian Parliamentary Coalition to Combat Anti-Semitism: Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and the ‘Durban Strategy’: The Emergence of an Antisemitic Global Movement“ (08 31, 2001), 2, http://www.ngo-monitor.org/article.php?id=250Google Scholar.
66 NGO Monitor, “NGO Monitor's Submission,” 2–3Google Scholar.
67 Newman, David, “Borderline Views: Who's Monitoring the Monitor?“ Jerusalem Post (11 30, 2009), http://www.jpost.com/Opinion/Article.aspx?id=161865Google Scholar.
68 Abu-Laban, Yasmeen, “On the Borderlines of Human and Citizen: The Liminal State of Arab-Canadians,” in Targeted Transnational. Policies and Discourses Take Aim at Arab Canadians, ed. Momani, Bessma and Hennebry, Jenna (Vancouver: UBC Press, forthcoming)Google Scholar.
69 See United Nations Human Rights Council, Press Release (01 12, 2009), http://www.unhchr.ch/huricane/huricane.nsf/0/47667EA2AA07F253C125753C004DAFB2?opendocumentGoogle Scholar.
70 O'Neill, Juliet, “Interview: Jason Kenney,” Vancouver Sun (03 13, 2009), http://www.vancouversun.com/life/Interview+Jason+Kenney/1387002/story.htmlGoogle Scholar; Ottawa, Canpalnet, “Arab Canadians Call on Harper to Restrain Citizenship and Immigration Minister Jason Kenney,” Canpalnet Ottawa (03 9, 2009), http://www.canpalnet-ottawa.org/CAF_Harper2.htmlGoogle Scholar.
71 O'Neill, “Interview: Jason Kenney.“
72 Clark, Campbell, “In Wake of Oda Controversy, Government Must Explain Why Aid Decisions Are Made,” Globe and Mail (02 17, 2011), http://m.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/in-wake-of-oda-controversy-ottawa-must-explain-why-aid-decisions-are-made/articlel910799/?service=mobileGoogle Scholar.
73 Ibid.
74 NGO Monitor, “KAIROS: Canadian Ecumenical Justice Initiatives“ (n.d.), http://www.ngo-monitor.org/article.php?id=79.
75 KAIROS, “FAQs: The KAIROS CIDA Funding Controversy“ (02 23, 2011), http://www.kairoscanada.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/GI-CIDA-KAIROS-FAQ-11-02-23.pdfGoogle Scholar.
76 KAIROS, “Public Statement of the KAIROS Board of Directors: Hope in the Midst of Challenge“ (03 4, 2011) http://www.kairoscanada.org/fileadmin/fe/files/PDF/cidacuts/Letter-ll-03-03-KairosBofD.pdf (last accessed August 28, 2011)Google Scholar.
77 Samar, Sima, “The Destruction of a Great Canadian Institution: The Dispute at Rights and Democracy has Damaged Canada's Image,” The Gazette [Montreal] (03 12, 2010): A17Google Scholar.
78 Hamilton, Graeme, “Probe Sought in Death of Rights Head Remy Beauregard,” National Post (01 15, 2010): A12Google Scholar.
79 Clark, Campbell, “Ed Broadbent Defends Rights Agency's Independence,” Globe and Mail (01 15, 2010), http://www.meglobeandmail.com/news/politics/ed-broadbent-80defends-rights-agencys-independence/article4303666/Google Scholar.
80 Ibid.
81 Ibid.
82 Samar, “The Destruction of a Great Canadian Institution.“
83 McGregor, Glen, “Research Group Goes to Court After Funding Cut,” Ottawa Citizen (04 9, 2010), http://www.ottawacitizen.com/technology/Research+group+goes+court+after+funding/2780179/story.html (last accessed August 28, 2011)Google Scholar.
84 Martin, Patrick, “Arab-Israeli Group Settles Research Dispute,” Globe and Mail (09 23, 2010): A16Google Scholar.
85 Martin, Patrick, “Arab-Israeli Group Takes Canadian Agency to Court Over Terminated Funding,” Globe and Mail (07 1, 2010): A12Google Scholar.
86 McGregor, “Research Group Goes to Court.“
87 Thompson, Jon, No Debate: The Israel Lobby and Free Speech at Canadian Universities (Toronto: Lorimer, 2011)Google Scholar.
88 Siddiqui, Harron, “What's Discussed Openly in Israel Is Toxic in Toronto,” Toronto Star (06 28, 2009), A19Google Scholar.
89 NGO Monitor, “NGO Monitor's Submission,” 7Google Scholar.
90 Church, Elizabeth, “Furor Raised over York's Handling of Conference on Israel, Palestine,” Globe and Mail (04 12, 2010), A6Google Scholar.
91 Siddiqui, “What's Discussed Openly in Israel.“
92 Thompson, No Debate.
93 Church, “Furor Raised.“
94 Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions National Committee (BNC) Secretariat, “Palestinian Civil Society Condemns Repression in Canada Against Palestine Solidarity Campaigns and Humanitarian Efforts“ (05 26, 2010), http://www.pacbi.org/etemplate.php?id=1246Google Scholar.
95 Bakan, Abigail B. and Abu-Laban, Yasmeen, “Palestinian Resistance and International Solidarity. The BDS Campaign,” Race and Class 51, 1 (2009), 29CrossRefGoogle Scholar.