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Larval movement and its potential impact on the management of the obliquebanded leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

D.E. Waldstein*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, New York, United States 14456
W.H. Reissig
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, New York, United States 14456
J.P. Nyrop
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, New York, United States 14456
*
1 Author to whom all correspondence should be sent at the following address: B18 Food Safety and Toxicology Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States 48824-1302 (E-mail: [email protected]).

Abstract

The rate at which obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), larvae vacated feeding sites in apple, Malus domestica Borkhauser (Rosaceae), trees was determined by monitoring infested terminal foliage under field conditions. The overwintering and summer generations of C. rosaceana were monitored in two orchards in 1997 and 1998. Larvae vacated terminal feeding sites relatively frequently because 50% of the sites during the overwintering and summer generations were vacant 34 ± 6 °d (threshold = 6 °C) and 53 ± 10°d, respectively, after sites had been marked. Vacancy rates increased from the beginning to the end of the summer generation in 1997 but remained relatively constant throughout the summer generation in 1998. The differences between the 2 years were probably because of less precipitation and lower availability of actively growing terminal foliage at the end of the summer in 1997 than in 1998. Differences in larval development did not seem to contribute to differences in vacancy rate. Recolonization of growing terminals was also studied in the field by removing C. rosaceana larvae from terminals only (1997) and the entire tree (1998). In 1997 and 1998, larval recolonization of terminals and trees occurred, because 6–8 d after larvae were removed populations in removal and adjacent control trees were not significantly different. Frequent larval movement to actively growing terminal foliage with sublethal insecticide residues may increase larval survival and could slow resistance development by providing a refuge for susceptible insects.

Résumé

La vitesse à laquelle les larves de la Tordeuse à bandes obliques, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), quittent leur site d’alimentation a été mesurée en nature par examen des pousses terminales de pommiers, Malus domestica Borkhauser (Rosaceae). Les générations d’hiver et d’été de C. rosaceana ont été suivies dans deux vergers en 1997 et 1998. Les larves quittent les pousses terminales relativement souvent, puisque 50% des sites de la génération d’hiver et de la génération d’été étaient libres, respectivement 34 ± 6 jour (seuil = 6 °C) et 53 ± 10 jour après le marquage des sites. Les taux de retrait ont augmenté du début à la fin de la génération d’été de 1997, mais sont restés relativement constants chez la génération d’été de 1998. Ces différences entre les 2 années semblent attribuables à des précipitations moins abondantes et à la disponibilité des pousses terminales en croissance active moins grande à la fin de l’été 1997 qu’en 1998. Les différences de taux de retrait ne semblent pas être reliées à des différences dans le développement larvaire. La recolonisation des pousses terminales en croissance a aussi été étudiée en nature par le retrait de larves de C. rosaceana des pousses terminales seules en 1997 et des arbres entiers en 1998. Il s’est fait de la recolonisation par les larves en 1997 et en 1998, aussi bien sur les arbres entiers que sur les pousses terminales, puisque, 6–8 jours après le retrait des larves, les populations de larves des arbres expérimentaux ne différaient pas de celles d’arbres témoins adjacents. Les déplacements larvaires fréquents vers des pousses terminales en croissance porteuses de résidus d’insecticide sous le seuil létal peuvent augmenter la survie des larves et peuvent aussi ralentir le développement de la résistance en procirant un refuge aux insectes sensibles.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 2001

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