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TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPECKLED GREEN FRUITWORM, ORTHOSIA HIBISCI GUENÉE (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  31 May 2012

Gary J.R. Judd ,
Joan E. Cossentine ,
Mark G.T. Gardiner  and
Donald R. Thomson
Gary J.R. Judd
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada V0H 1Z0
Joan E. Cossentine
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada V0H 1Z0
Mark G.T. Gardiner
Affiliation:
Agriculture Canada Research Station, Summerland, British Columbia, Canada V0H 1Z0
Donald R. Thomson
Affiliation:
Pacific Biocontrol, 719 2nd Street, Suite 12, Davis, California, USA 95616
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Abstract

Temperature-dependent development of eggs, larvae, and pupae of the speckled green fruitworm, Orthosia hibisci Guenée, at constant temperatures of 5–30.0 °C, 7.5–27.5 °C, and 0.8–20.8 °C, respectively, was described. Development times decreased with increasing temperatures and minimum developmental times in eggs, larvae, and pupae occurred at ca. 27.5, 25, and 20.8 °C, respectively. Variation in development times of all life stages was modelled accurately (R2 values 0.98–0.99) with a Weibull distribution. Relationships between temperature and developmental rates of all life stages were described by linear degree-day (DD) and nonlinear poikilotherm models. There were significant differences (ANOVA, P < 0.05) among the slopes of regression equations describing developmental rates of different life stages and larval instars. Minimum developmental temperatures for eggs (3.4 °C), first- through fifth-instar larvae (4.7, 2.9, 3.6, 3.5, and 3.7 °C), and pupae (2.8 °C) were determined by extrapolation of linear regression equations to the x-intercept. Median development time of eggs, first- through fifth-instar larvae, and pupae required 99.0, 44.2, 51.5, 52.4, 57.1, 69.9, and 61.3 DD above the minimum developmental temperatures, respectively. Developmental rates of eggs and all larval instars averaged were described by six-parameter models exhibiting low- and high-temperature inhibition. Development of pupae was best described by a four-parameter model exhibiting low- but no high-temperature inhibition. This information should be useful for developing a phenology model to improve management actions against O. hibisci.

Résumé

On trouvera ici la description du développement en fonction de la température chez l’Orthésie verte, Orthosia hibisci Guenée, à de températures constantes situées entre 5 et 30 °C dans le cas des oeufs, entre 7,5 et 27,5 °C dans le cas des larves, et entre 0,8 et 20,8 °C dans le cas des chrysalides. La durée du développement diminue à mesure qu’augmente la température et la durée du développement des oeufs est minimale à 27,5 °C, celle des larves à 25,0 °C, et celle des chrysalide à 20,8 °C. Le modèle de Weibull permet de représenter avec exactitude les variations dans la durée du développement à tous les stades (R2 entre 0,98 et 0,99). Les relations entre la température et les taux de développement à tous les stades s’expriment par un modèle linéaire degrés-jours (DD) et par un modèle non linéaire qui s’applique aux poïkilothermes. Il existe des différences significatives (analyse de la variance, P < 0,05) entre les pentes des droites de régression qui décrivent les taux de développement des différentes étapes de la vie et des différents stades larvaires. Les températures minimales de développement des oeufs (3,4 °C), des larves du premier au cinquième stades (4,7, 2,9, 3,6, 3,5 et 3,7 °C) et des chrysalides (2,8 °C) ont été déterminées par extrapolation des droites de régression jusqu’à leur intersection avec l’axe des x. La durée médiane de développement des oeufs nécessite 99,0 degrés-jours au-dessus du seuil inférieur de température de développement, celle du développement des stades larvaires 1 à 5 nécessite 44,2, 51,5, 52,4, 57,1 et 69,9 degrés-jours au-dessus du seuil, et celle du développement des chrysalides nécessite 61,3 degrés-jours au-dessus du seuil. Les taux de développement des oeufs et de tous les stades larvaires pondérés sont décrits au moyen de modèles à six variables qui peuvent être inhibées par des températures trop basses ou trop hautes. Le développement des chrysalides répond à un modèle à quatre variables qui peuvent être inhibées par des températures trop basses, mais pas par des températures trop hautes. Ces résultats peuvent s’avérer utiles dans l’élaboration d’un modèle phénologique de contrôle d’O. hibisci.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Type
Articles
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 126 , Issue 5 , October 1994 , pp. 1263 - 1275
Copyright
Copyright © Entomological Society of Canada 1994

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