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Host suitability of Trichoplusia ni and Chrysodeixis chalcites (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) for native and nonnative parasitoids expanding their host range

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 October 2020

Henry Murillo Pacheco Open the ORCID record for Henry Murillo Pacheco [Opens in a new window] ,
Sherah Vanlaerhoven  and
M. Angeles Marcos Garcia
Henry Murillo Pacheco*
Affiliation:
Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad (CIBIO), Parque Científico, Universidad de Alicante, 03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
Sherah Vanlaerhoven
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Science, University of Windsor, 401 Sunset Avenue, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
M. Angeles Marcos Garcia
Affiliation:
Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad (CIBIO), Parque Científico, Universidad de Alicante, 03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

We evaluated the host suitability and related traits of Trichoplusia ni Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Chrysodeixis chalcites Esper (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which is nonnative in North America, for the native parasitoids Campoletis sonorensis Cameron (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Copidosoma floridanum Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), and the nonnative parasitoid Cotesia vanessae Reinhard (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). For the larval parasitoid C. sonorensis and C. vanessae trials, three-day-old larvae of both hosts were used, whereas one-day-old eggs of both hosts were used for the egg–larval parasitoid C. floridanum trial. For suitability parameters on each host exposed separately to each of the three parasitoid species, we measured parasitoid emergence (parasitoid success), parasitoids that did not emerge (parasitoid cocoon mortality), the proportion of male offspring (parasitoid sex ratio), hosts that developed into moths (host success), hosts that died without developing into moths or producing a parasitoid (host mortality), parasitoids emerging from cocoon masses (brood size), and the developmental times of parasitoids and hosts. For C. sonorensis, the native host and the nonnative host were found to be similarly suitable. For C. vanessae, the native host was more suitable than the nonnative host. For C. floridanum, the native host was suitable, whereas the nonnative host was not; however, sublethal effects on both the native and nonnative hosts were observed. The differential suitability of the hosts observed in this study contributes to the understanding of this measure as a dynamic factor in the expansion of parasitoids into novel host species.

Type
Research Papers
Information
The Canadian Entomologist , Volume 153 , Issue 2 , April 2021 , pp. 137 - 149
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Entomological Society of Canada

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Footnotes

†

Present address: 42 Hazel Crescent, Kingsville, Ontario, N9Y 0B1, Canada.

Subject editor: John Wise

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