The Travels and Life of Sir Thomas Hoby, Kt. of Bisham Abbey, Written by Himself. 1547–1564

doi:10.1017/S2042171000006142

^{page 2 note 1} John Abell. A London merchant of this name is mentioned by Strype as an exile for his religion in 1554.

^{page 4 note 1} Martin Bucer, born at Strasburg 1491 ; embraced the teachings of Luther, 1521; professor of theology at Strasburg; came to Cambridge as teacher of theology in 1549, and died there in 1551.

^{page 4 note 2} Peter Martyr, born at Florence 1500; joined the Beformers at Zurich 1542 ; came to England 1547; professor of divinity at Oxford 1548. (Wordsworth, Ecc. Biog.)

^{page 4 note 3} Sturmius. Jean Sturm, born 1507, died 1589; a well-known classical and theological author, and a correspondent of Roger Ascham.

^{page 4 note 4} Paulus Fagius, born at Antwerp 1504 ; came to England with Martin Bucer; died at Cambridge 1549.

^{page 4 note 5} William Thomas, a well-known Italian scholar; Clerk to the Council of Edward VI. He took an active part in Sir Thomas Wyatt's insurrection, for which he suffered death. (D.N.B.)

^{page 4 note 6} Sir Thomas Wyatt, of Allington Castle, Kent; leader of the insurrection, 1553–4, against the Spanish marriage, for which he was executed.

^{page 4 note 7} The Emperor Charles V., nephew to Catharine of Aragon Queen to Henry VIII., and cousin to Queen Mary of England.

^{page 5 note 1} The title of this translation of Bucer's work, which was printed in 1549, runs thus: ‘ The gratulation of the mooste famous clerk M. Bucer, a man of no lesse learning and lyterature then Godlye Studie and example of lyving, vnto the Church of England for the restitution of Christes relegion. And Hys answere unto the two raylinge epistles of Steuen Bisshoppe of Winchester concerninge the unmaried state of preestes and cloysterars, wherin is evidently declared that it is against the lawes of God, and his churche to require of all suche as be and must be admitted to preesthood to refrain from Holye Matrimony.’

‘To his right worshypfull Brother Syr Phillyppe Hobye Knight M. of y_e Kinges maiesties Ordinaunce, Thomas Hobye wishethe grace & peace, through our lorde Jesus Christe.

‘ Imprinted at London by me, Richard Jugge, dwelling in the nourthe dore of Poules.’

^{page 5 note 2} Stephen Gardiner, aster of Trinity College, Cambridge; Bishop of Winchester 1531 ; deprived 1550 ; restored 1553 and made Lord Chancellor.

^{page 6 note 1} John Aucher. Probably son of Sir Anthony Aucher. See infra, p. 127.

^{page 7 note 1} The Folkers‘ House. Probably the house of Antoine Fugger, the great financier, to whom Charles often had recourse for large loans of money. Folkers’ silver mines are mentioned.

^{page 8 note 1} Edmund Harvell. Possibly Edmund Harewell of Besford, Worcester. Philip Hoby had estates in Worcester, which might account for the intimacy. See also infra, p. 61.

^{page 9 note 1} Possibly Hoby made some mistake in transcribing this, as the first line does not seem right.

^{page 10 note 1} Dace. Ducange gives under Data, Dacio : ‘ Tributum, vectigal; nostris Dace.’ I have not been able to find any other mention of this word.

^{page 11 note 1} Mr, Henry Killegrew, son of John Killegrew, of Arwenack, Cornwall. An exile for religion in Queen Mary's time, employed by Elizabeth in various diplomatic missions. Married, November 1565, Cath., fourth daughter of Ant. Cooke, and sister to Thos. Hoby's wife.

^{page 14 note 1} ‘ A Pystolese is a shorte broadsword ’ (side-note in manuscript).

^{page 19 note 1} Probably Edward Stradling (1529–1609), of St. Donats, Glamorgan, a scholar and patron of literature; M.P. for Steyning 1554; knighted in 1575. (D.N.B.)

^{page 19 note 2} Francis Peto. An Italian scholar and military writer; Fellow of Gray's Inn.

^{page 21 note 1} Paul III., Alessandro Farnese, elected 1534. He was the Pope who excommunicated Henry VIII. in 1538.

^{page 26 note 1} Cardinal Pole. Eeginald Pole (1500–1558); Cardinal 1536 ; Archbishop of Canterbury 1555 ; son of Sir Richard Pole. (D.N.B.)

^{page 27 note 1} Foist, a barge or pinnace (Halliwell).

^{page 27 note 2} Æn. Vii. 1.

^{page 33 note 1} Epl. I. i. 83.

^{page 37 note 1} Paulus Jovius, born at Como, 1483. A famous Italian historian; author of Historia Sui Temporis.

^{page 39 note 1} Murray gives, to coast = to pass by, along, round; the word is used again by Hoby.

^{page 40 note 1} Manna. The Encyclopaedias tell us that manna is now obtained in Sicily and South Italy by making incisions in the bark of a tree known as the flowering or manna ash.

^{page 43 note 1} The word ‘ Duke ’ has been added later, and probably is the name of an inn,

^{page 44 note 1} Barbarossa. Khair-ed-Din Barbarossa, the famous pirate, conqueror of Tunis and admiral of the Turkish fleet in 1533, died 1546.

^{page 45 note 1} Giovanni Agnolo Montorsoli, died 1563. A description of his work at

Messina is given in Vasari's Lives,

^{page 49 note 1} Fast. iv. 873.

^{page 49 note 2} Andrea Doria (1468–1560). Genoese naval commander of great renown. See p. 57, infra.

^{page 50 note 1} Dragout Rais. The Turkish pirate; once taken prisoner by Andrea Doria, but ransomed by Barbarossa. Killed at siege of Malta, 1565.

^{page 50 note 2} The pentameter, with ‘ rabidos ’ for ‘ rapidos,’ occurs Ovid, Am. iii. 12, 23 ; but the hexameter does not resemble the line given here, whioh is faulty.

^{page 57 note 1} A hackbut a croke was a hackbut or arquebuse supported on a rest by a hook of iron fastened to the barrel (Meyrick, Anc. Arm.). A aacre or saker was a piece of ordnance of three and a half inches bore (Halliwell).

^{page 59 note 1} Ep. xiii. 113. ‘ Mustum ’ is the usual reading, not ‘ mulsum.’

^{page 61 note 1} My book. See p. 78, infra.

^{page 61 note 2} See Cal. of Venetian State Papers.

^{page 64 note 1} Crare or orayer, a small trading vessel. The word is used by Shakespeare, Cymb. iv. 2, 205 (Murray).

^{page 64 note 2} Sir Ant. Auoher, of Ottringden, Kent, Marshal of Calais, at the taking of which place by the French both he and his son were killed.

^{page 64 note 3} Lady Ann of Cleve, the repudiated wife of Henry VIII., had been granted the lands of Dartford Priory for her life by Edward VI.

^{page 65 note 1} Lord William Parr, or Aparr. Brother of Queen Eatherine, sixth and last wife of Henry VIII. Cr. Marquis of Northampton 1547, Lord Great Chamberlain and K.G. Attainted 1554 and his honours forfeited. Cr. again Marquis of Northampton 1559; died 1571. Nioolas's Peerage.

^{page 65 note 2} Cowling or Cooling Castle was the seat of George Brooke, Lord Cobham, near Rochester. The castle was attacked and taken by Sir Thos. Wyatt, January 1554, during the insurrection. But Lord Cobham seems nevertheless to have been suspected of complicity in the rising. From Berry's Kent Pedigrees it seems that Sir Thos. Wyatt and Lord Cobham were cousins.

^{page 65 note 3} There is a note, ‘ Quere,’ at the side here, which seems to refer to this paragraph.

^{page 66 note 1} Bishop of Ely; Thomas Goodrich d. 1554. A list of names corresponding to this was sent home by Lord Northampton in June 1551, and remains among the Foreign State Papers of this date: it differs from this in giving ‘ Lord Rivers’ for ‘ Lord Yvers,’ ‘ Guidotti ’ for ‘ Guidott,‘ and ‘ Edmund ’ for ‘ Edward’ Varney. Lord Yvers or Evers appears, however, to be correct.

^{page 66 note 2} Sir Will. Pickering (1516–1575), M.P. for Warwick. Knighted on Ed. VI.'s accession. English Ambassador at Paris 1551. (D.N.B.)

^{page 66 note 3} Sir Thos. Smyth (1512–1577), of Hill Hall, Essex, a statesman and scholar. Vice-Chan, of Camb. Univ., Ambassador to France in 1562 (cf. Gyll's Hist, of Wraysbury).

^{page 66 note 4} Dr. John Oliver, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford. Advanced by Wolsey's interest; died 1552. (D.N.B.)

^{page 66 note 5} Sir John Mason (1503–1566), son of a cowherd at Abingdon. Clerk to Privy Council 1542. English Ambassador to France 1550. (D.N.B.)

^{page 66 note 6} Sir Henry Carey (1524–1696), cousin to Queen Elizabeth, cr. Lord Hunsdon 1554. His daughter married Sir Edward Hoby, son of the writer.

^{page 72 note 1} Costing: See note, p. 39.

^{page 73 note 1} Mr. de Bies (Oudart du Biez), a distinguished general, a Marshal of France 1542. His downfall was unjustly brought about by his enemies, among whom were the Guises, by accusations brought against his conduct at the surrender and retaking of Bologne, on which he was condemned to death. He appears to have been set at liberty before his death in 1551 (Biog. Univ.).

^{page 73 note 2} Henry, son of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk. By his death the dukedom became extinct. But the Marquis of Dorset, the father of Lady Jane Grey, was created Duke of Suffolk this same year.

^{page 73 note 3} ‘ My sister Elizabeth.’ The Hoby pedigree in the Visitation of Worc., 1569 (Har. Soc.), gives an unnamed sister married to one Parker, who is possibly the person to whom reference is here made.

^{page 73 note 4} Sir Ralph Coppinger, of Davington, Kent.

^{page 74 note 1} Sir Nich. Throgmorton (1515–1571), a diplomatist, son of Sir G. Throgmorton of Coughton, Warwickshire. Belated through his mother to Lord Northampton. Knighted 1551.

^{page 74 note 2} Sir Will. Cecil, created Baron Burleigh 1571; married Mildred, daughter of Sir Ant. Cooke, and was thus brother-in-law to Thos. Hoby.

^{page 75 note 1} John Poynet, Bishop of Winchester after Gardiner was deprived in 1550 til 1553, when Gardiner was restored.

^{page 75 note 2} From here to the end of the paragraph is in a different handwriting.

^{page 75 note 3} Elizabeth (a side-note in MS.).

^{page 76 note 1} William Hoby of Hales, county Gloucester. Marden or Merdon was a manor of Sir Philip Hoby's near Hursley.

^{page 77 note 1} My book. See note on p. 78.

^{page 77 note 2} Probably Sir Ant. St. Leger, of Uloomb, Kent.

^{page 78 note 1} This book does not appear to have been printed till 1561. The title is as follows: ‘ The Conrtyer of Count Baldessar Castillo, divided into four bookes, very necessary and profitable for yonge gentilmen and gentilwomen abiding in court, palaice, or place, done into Englyshe by Thomas Hoby. Imprinted at London by William Seres, at the sign of the Hedgehogge. 1551.’ There is a letter from Sir John Cheke printed at the end of the book. The original work was Il Cortegiano, by Count Baldesar Castiglione, of which the first edition appeared in 1528, printed by Aldo Romano at Venice.

^{page 78 note 2} Petrus Galandius (side-note in MS.).

^{page 82 note 1} The sentence originally stood thus : ‘ From thense he removed to Spier, and the Duke of Meohelburg with him, which was there slain,’ &c., and has been altered later into that given in the text.

^{page 83 note 1} ‘ He laid his siege the 22 day of October ’ (side-note in MS.).

^{page 83 note 2} ‘ The 4 of November ’ (side-note in MS.).

^{page 84 note 1} ‘ Duke Maurice slayne the 9 day of July ’ (a side-note in MS.). The battle took place at Sievershausen, in the Duchy of Lüneburg.

^{page 88 note 1} Inserted in the text later.

^{page 90 note 1} ‘ This René of Lorraign slue Charles, Duke of Burgoign, in the battell of Nanoy’ (side-note in MS.).

^{page 93 note 1} Bishop of Norwich, Thos. Thirlby.

^{page 93 note 2} Dr. Nicholas Wotton (1497–1567), Dean of Canterbury and York; one of the ablest and most experienced of Tudor diplomatists. His dexterity and wisdom secured him the confidence of four successive sovereigns. (D.N.B.)

^{page 93 note 3} Sir Thos. Chaloner, Clerk to Privy Counoil of Henry VIII., afterwards Ambassador to Court of Spain. (D.N.B.)

^{page 94 note 1} Sir Rich. Morysin or Morison, son of Thos. Morison, of Herts, Ambassador to Hanse Towns in 1546 ; of Calvinistie views; died in Strasburg 1558. (D.N.B.)

^{page 95 note 1} ‘ K. Edw. 6 his death ’ (side-note in MS.).

^{page 95 note 2} Sir Richard Shelley was the last Grand Prior of the Knights of St. John in England. He was a great traveller and was employed in many diplomatic missions. (D.N.B.)

^{page 96 note 1} Sir Thos. Cheyney, Lord Warden 1513. Treasurer of the Household. Of Shurland, Isle of Sheppey. His tomb is in Minster Church; ob. 1559.

^{page 96 note 2} Sir Ant. Browne, created Lord Montagu 1554; a staunch Roman Catholic.(D.N.B.)

^{page 97 note 1} A side-note here gives the day of the month, ‘ 22 August.’

^{page 97 note 2} A side-note in the MS. adds the day of the month as ‘ 3 Martii.’

^{page 97 note 3} ‘ 21 Februar.’ (a side-note in MS.).

^{page 98 note 1} Sir H. Isley, of Sundridge and Farningham, co. Kent (Arch. Cant. iii.).

^{page 98 note 1} ‘ Bourding.’ To bourd, to say things mockingly (Murray).

^{page 98 note 3} This dialogue between Lady Jane and Feoknam has been printed by Foxe in his Acts and Monuments. I have noted where there is any material difference between the two versions.

^{page 99 note 1} ‘ Or elles xij bodies.’ These words do not appear in Foxe's rendering.

^{page 100 note 1} Foxe has here after the word Church, ‘ either yet my fayth, shall I beleave the church bicause of Antiquitie.’

^{page 100 note 2} Foxe omits ‘ but themselves.’

^{page 101 note 1} This is also printed by Foxe in his Acts and Monuments.

^{page 101 note 2} According to Foxe there should be an insertion here, viz. ‘ the path of eternal joy; and if you with a good mynde read it and with an earnest mynde do purpose it it shall bring yon to.’

^{page 102 note 1} In Foxe's version this sentence runs, ‘ Rejoice in Christ, as I do; follow the steppes,’ &c.

^{page 104 note 1} This word is used several times by Hoby to mean a castle or fortified place, as ‘ Sehloss ’ in German.

^{page 105 note 1} Sir Thos. Chamberlain had been ambassador to the Low Countries for Ed. VI., and was ambassador to Spain in Queen Elizabeth's time. (D.N.B.)

^{page 108 note 1} Philip Melanchthon (1497–1560), a friend of Erasmus and a reformer of moderate views.

^{page 109 note 1} ‘ In this town of Stuccardia abidethe Johannes Brentius, the Duke's chief preacher’ (side-note in MS.).

^{page 110 note 1} ‘ Here is a preacher called Doctor Jacobus Andreas’ (side-note in MS.).

^{page 110 note 2} ‘ In this castle was born Fredericke Barbarozza, th'Emperor’ (side-note in MS.).

^{page 112 note 1} Cardinal.

^{page 113 note 1} ‘ There is a place without the towne where are 32 brass imags, the pictures of certain of the House of Austria, a marvelous peece of work ’ (side-note in MS.).

^{page 113 note 1} Now known as the Inn.

^{page 114 note 1} Imp. CæS. Carolo V. p. f. Aug. ex Hispaniis Italiaque susceptis Imperialibus coronis aduenienti et Ferdinando Hungar. Boemiæque regi e Pannoniis ocourrenti optimis Principibus ad perpetuam publicæ lætitiæ memoriam quod fratres ante an. VIII. digressi summis inter mortales honoribus regnis triumphis aucti, hoc in loco salui sospitesque conuenerunt Anno Salutia MDXXX, Frid. Franzius a monte Muco stenaci Præfect, mandato regio f. c.

^{page 116 note 1} Sir Thos. Wroth (1516–1573), of Enfield, Middx., escaped from England in fear of arrest as being connected with Suffolk's second rising (D.N.B.). A learned gentleman of Edw. VI.'s court. See Strype, Ecc. Mem.

^{page 116 note 2} Sir John Cheke, born 1514, tutor to Ed. VI., Professor of Greek at Camb., Sec. of State. Committed to Tower on Mary's accession, but discharged 1554 with royal license to travel. (D.N.B.)

^{page 116 note 3} Sir Henry Neville, of Billingbear, Berks, a gentleman of the Privy Chamber to Edward VI. Knighted 1551.

^{page 116 note 4} Mr. Bartye, probably Mr. Eichard Bertie, who married, in 1552, Katherine, widow of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk. They were both exiles on account of religious viewg. Foxe gives an account of their adventures in his Acts and Monuments. See p. 124, infra.

^{page 118 note 1} Sir Ant. Cooke, of Gidea Hall, Essex (1504–1576), a man of very great learning, tutor to Edward VI., Knight ot the Bath. He was committed to the Tower on suspicion of complicity in Lady Jane's movement. He married Anne, daughter of Sir Will. Fitzwilliam, and was father-in-law to Thos. Hoby.

^{page 120 note 1} ‘ The xvijth of Aprill’ (side-note in MS.).

^{page 120 note 2} Thos. Thirlby.

^{page 122 note 1} ‘ He cam hither the 29 of December, 1554’ (side-note in MS.)

^{page 123 note 1} Mr. John Hales, of Coventry, son of Thomas Hales, of Hales Place, Halden, Kent. Miss Lamond, in her edition of A Discourse of the Common Weal of this Realm of England, ascribes the authorship of the work to him. The Christopher Hales mentioned on p. 6 was probably his brother. Cf. the elaborate note on Hales, by Mr.Leadam, I. S., Trans. Roy. Hist. Soc. N.S. vol. xi. p. 116Google Scholar.

^{page 123 note 2} Dr. David Whitehead, an exile on account of religious views in 1555. Pastor of the English congregation at Frankfort (Strype).

^{page 123 note 3} Richard Turner, a Protestant divine, Prebend of Windsor 1551 and Vicar of Dartford. (D.N.B.)

^{page 124 note 1} Catharine, widow of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, Baroness Willoughby d'Eresby in her own right; born at Parham, Suffolk, 1519; married, 1552, Richard Bertie (see p. 116). The boy mentioned here was born October 12, 1555, and named Peregrine (Complete Peerage, G.E.C.).

^{page 125 note 1} If Bonn is meant here it should have been put between Linz and Zontz.

^{page 126 note 1} At Evesham was an estate belonging to Sir Philip Hoby.

^{page 126 note 2} Thomas Cranmer, burnt March 2, 1555.

^{page 126 note 3} The ‘ new building’ to which reference is here made was not completed till 1561. It no doubt included most of the Tudor work on the north and south of the Hall. In the Tapestry Room, south of the Hall, the arms of Thomas Hoby, impaled with those ef his wife, are carved over the fireplace.

^{page 127 note 1} Philip Hoby's will is dated May 1, and proved July 2, 1558, in the Prerogative Court (Noodes, 34), and is a lengthy but interesting document.

^{page 128 note 1} Probably Eric, king elect of Sweden, who proposed to marry Queen Elizabeth.

^{page 129 note 1} In the particulars for Weldon's lease there is mentioned ‘one grove and pasture called Podyngs conteyning by estimacion’ ‘ xv àcres,’ and next to it on the list is ‘ le More,’ containing 6 acres. Aug. Off. Misc. Bks. 185, 57.

^{page 130 note 1} Gabriel Goodman, S.T.P.

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The Travels and Life of Sir Thomas Hoby, Kt. of Bisham Abbey, Written by Himself. 1547–1564

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The Travels and Life of Sir Thomas Hoby, Kt. of Bisham Abbey, Written by Himself. 1547–1564

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