Thedwestrey Hundred

doi:10.1017/S2042171000002077

Thedwestrey Hundred

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 December 2009

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Type: The Kalendar of Abbot Samson
Information: Camden Third Series , Volume 84 , July 1954 , pp. 3 - 23

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S2042171000002077 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © Royal Historical Society 1954

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^{page 3 note 1} See Introduction, p. xv, on Danegeld.

^{page 3 note 2} See Introduction, p. xxxi, on the Hundred Court.

^{page 3 note 3} The third suit is owed by all the sokemen of the vill, and they take it in turn to perform it.

^{page 4 note 1} Alan of Ampton, alias Alan son of Hamo holding a knight's fee.

^{page 4 note 2} Geoffery Peche inherited his father's lands in 1186 and was dead by 1188 (supra, p. xii).

^{page 4 note 3} Probably a brother of Adam II of Cockfield (Jocelin, p. 139).

^{page 4 note 4} William FitzGilbert had the capitale messuagium of Thorpe in Pakenham (infra, p. 10).

^{page 4 note 5} For Aubrey of Dammartin see ‘ the Honor of Boulogne’ in J. H. Round, Studies in the Peerage and Family History (1901).

^{page 4 note 6} Aubrey de Vere, Earl of Oxford.

^{page 4 note 7} If he is one of the Anselms holding socage land at Tostock (infra, p. 13), it is hard to believe that he was a knight in the technical sense of the term. There is no Anselm in Jocelin's list of the abbey's knights.

^{page 4 note 8} Rerus himself figures (as Reeri) in Abbot Baldwin's ‘ Feudal Book ’ (D.C.D., p. 30).

^{page 5 note 1} Cf. British Museum MS. Cotton, Claudius C. xi, fo. 276V., an Ely Survey of 1251, Rattlesden. ‘ Istud manerium est in comitatu Suffolchie et in hundred’ de Theodwardestr' quod est libertatis sancti Ædmundi. In quo hundredo Robertus filius Rogeri et heredes sui debent unam sectam de hundredo in hundredum pro manerio. Sed istud manerium habet libertatem in se, scilicet tol et them, infongenethef, hutfongenethef, furchas, tumberellum et visum francum plegii, lagenarum et aliarum mensurarum, placitum namii vetiti, et omnia placita que vicecomes potest placitare pro breve domini Regis vel sine brevi, et taurum liberum et verrum liberum et bestias estraatas que vocantur uaif.’

^{page 5 note 2} Died by 1190. Introduction, p. xii.

^{page 5 note 3} See Introduction, pp. xxxii ff.

^{page 5 note 4} In 1086 the sokemen held one carucate, D.B., ii. 363b.

^{page 6 note 1} Both of these knights' fees here were held of Aubrey de Vere who held of the abbot in 1200. In 1086 the land in question seems to have been held by Abbot Baldwin's brother Frodo (D.B., ii. 363b). It seems to have passed to Hubert Brito by the time of Abbot Baldwin's ‘Feudal Book’ (D.C.D., p. 22).

^{page 6 note 2} Alias Alan of Ampton.

^{page 6 note 3} I.e. 300 ware acres; but 328 are listed below. In 1086 the freemen held 3½ carucates (420 ware acres); D.B., ii. 363.

^{page 7 note 1} Cf. Baldwin's ‘ Feudal Book ’ (D.C.D., p. 35). Syric and Frebern held 60 ware acres each for 5s. 4d. each.

^{page 7 note 2} This might be part of the 80 acres held in Ampton and Timworth by Saherus in Baldwin's ‘Feudal Book’ (D.C.D., p. 21).

^{page 7 note 3} But the number of ‘ summe ’ that went to a ‘ mett ’ or ‘ mod ’ seems to have varied from vill to vill; supra, p. xxxvi.

^{page 7 note 4} In 1086 six freemen held i carucate (D.B., ii. 362). In Baldwin's ‘ Feudal Book ’ there were seven with 47 ware acres (D.C.D., p. 36).

^{page 8 note 1} In 1086 31 freemen held 2 carucates (D.B., ii. 361b). The following statement concerning the various ways of holding socage land in Pakenham should be compared with that in MS. Harley 3977, fo. 87V. (late thirteenth century):

‘ Haec sunt consuetudines liberorum hominum de Pakenham, servitium illorum qui tenent de duabus carucatis terre. Liberi homines debent ad aulam wardpeni secundum consuetudinem ville, et viij⁰ diebus ad cibum domini et ter quadrigare et colligere ad firmas et ducere ad sanctum Edmundum et auerare frumentum, et in vigilia sancti Michaeli debent ducere oves suas ad faldam domini, et ibi debent esse usque ad Purificationem. Et post Purificatione debent dare pro viij ovibus j d., et pro j vitulo arare i rodam. Et XV diebus post festum sancti Michaeli qui habent carucam debent arare dimidiam acram unaquaque ebdomada donee perficerent ad aulam et ter sarclare sine cibo usque nonam, et gallinas et ova, auxilia et de filiabus gersumarum.’

Compare also Samson's charter to Roger son of Humphrey of Ixworth, Charter 51.

^{page 9 note 1} See Charter 49.

^{page 9 note 2} See Charter 49.

^{page 9 note 3} See Charter 49. The Kalendar does not say what the Charter does, that the land also owed the cellarer a rent of 12d.

^{page 10 note 1} These 30 acres of Thorpe are evidently the 30 acres which three freemen held in Pakenham in 1086 (D.B., ii. 361b). Whereas the other freemen belonged to the Saint with sake, soke and all customs, and to his sheepfold, these three freemen could give and sell their land, but soke, sake and commendation would remain to the Saint.

^{page 10 note 2} It had seven carucates in 1086 (D.B., ii. 361b). As no mention is made of the advowson which Samson re-acquired on 2 May 1185, this part of the Kalendar is probably before that date. See D.C.D., no. 228.

^{page 10 note 3} In 1086 the manor had 1½ carucates, and 28 freemen had 2½ carucates (D.B., ii. 362b).

^{page 10 note 4} See D.C.D., no. 165. Matilda (daughter of Anselm of Thurston and granddaughter of Osward (fl. c. 1115)) and her son Richard were granted these 1½ carucates by Abbot Hugh (1156–80), for the customs which her father and grandfather had rendered ‘ and which that same land ought to do for the Hundred of Thedwestrey ’.

^{page 11 note 1} ‘ Summa ’ has been erased and corrected to ‘ siva ’ in the margin.

^{page 12 note 1} In 1086 17½ freemen had 1 carucate of land (D.B., ii. 363b).

^{page 12 note 2} This sentence was originally omitted by the scribe and then added as a footnote.

^{page 12 note 3} 1 ob. erased and corrected to 1d.

^{page 13 note 1} Cf. D.B., ii. 284b. 36 freemen with 1 carucate under commendation to Edith the Rich and belonging to Norton. They passed through the hands of Earl Ralph and were then forfeited to the king. If ever the hidage had belonged to the abbot, he would certainly have lost it when the men passed back to the king. When the king gave the men to Aubrey de Vere is not known.

^{page 13 note 2} The letes are not being given in the same order as on p. 3.

^{page 13 note 3} Abbot Hugh's charter to Robert of Cockfield establishes that Gilbert's father, Symon the priest, was probably Symon the son of Rerus (D.C.D., no. 162). Rerus figures in the third part of Abbot Baldwin's ‘ Feudal Book ’ (D.C.D., p. 30). The father of Rerus was called Brichtheve (infra, p. 4).

^{page 14 note 1} Perhaps the half-carucate which Berard held of the abbot in 1086 (D.B., ii. 362b).

^{page 14 note 2} Perhaps the carucate which Frodo held (D.B., ii. 355). Roger's son seems to have lost his share (24 acres in Hesset) after an assize of mort d'ancester (Pinchbeck, ed. Hervey, i. 429–30).

^{page 14 note 3} In 1086 there were 11 freemen with 1 carucate (D.B., ii. 362b). Since then half a carucate of the socage land has been alienated to the family of Peche.

^{page 15 note 1} In 1086 the freemen could give and sell their lands so long as the soke remained to the saint (D.B., ii. 362b).

^{page 15 note 2} Cf. D.B., ii. 291. Land of Robert of Mortain. A freeman under St. Etheidreda in St. Edmund's soke.

^{page 15 note 3} Cf. D.B., ii. 381. St. Etheidreda had 2 carucates.

^{page 15 note 4} In 1086 40 freemen held 1 carucate (D.B., ii. 362b).

^{page 15 note 5} The vill is assessed for 8s. 4d. danegeld. Of this both the socage carucate and a carucate in demesne owe 4s. 2d., but in fact the demesne carucate never has to pay.

^{page 16 note 1} In 1086 there were six tenants-in-chief in Rattlesden (D.B., ii. 291, 303, 363, 381b, 391, 398). The land of Roger would seem to be the half-carucate held by Peter the steward in 1086 (D.B.), ii. 363). Roger was the son of Adam (supra, p. 5), who would appear to be the same as Adam the steward (fl. c. 1121–48), younger brother of Richard the steward, and son of Peter the steward. See D.C.D., p. 18, and nos. 172, 113, 119, 123, 132.

^{page 16 note 2} In 1086 there were 15 freemen with 115 ware acres (D.B., ii. 363, 398).

^{page 16 note 3} I.e. Robert Videl. Supra, p. 5.

^{page 16 note 4} In 1086 there were 25 freemen here with 3 carucates (D.B., ii. 362b).

^{page 17 note 1} So also in 1086 (D.B., ii. 362).

^{page 17 note 2} De patrimonio signifies lands held by hereditary right as opposed to those rented from the abbot. After Robert's death (before Michaelmas 1190) there were continual lawsuits concerning his patrimony. See Jocelin, p. 138.

^{page 17 note 3} The carucates in Rougham were clearly separate fields.

^{page 18 note 1} Hervey of Gedding was a big landowner. Conceivably he is the same as the ‘ Herveius clericus ’ mentioned in Gedding (supra, p. 16). More certainly, he had a total of 60 ware acres socage land in Rougham; this included lands previously belonging to Wluard and Johannis de Firmaria. He also owed ½ summa of oats from the land of Gilbert, and owed 1½d. Wardpenny at Somerton in Babergh Hundred (infra, p. 63). See also Charteris 40 and 41.

^{page 18 note 2} Cf. D.C.D., no. 141. This land had previously belonged to Wlmar son of Sacce and had passed to Herbert (then only a clerk) during the abbacy of Ording (1148–56). Wlmar had bought the land from Leofstan of Rougham and William the roan of Tufte in the time of Abbot Anselm (1121–48) (D.C.D., no. 118). Herbert also had land in Rougham from his uncle Solomon. Herbert was a relative of Abbot Ording and his father was called Robert. His son Adam is also found in Samson's Kalendar; part of Adam's holding seems to be the same 2 acres in Lefsedestuft as are here ascribed to his father (infra, p. 20).

^{page 18 note 3} Turkil's share passed before 1211 to Stephen son of Martin of Rougham ; see Charter 38. Turkil seems to have held five of the fifteen acres.

^{page 18 note 4} Martin of Rougham, if this is he, had other lands and at least two sons. See Charters 38 and 39.

^{page 20 note 1} See p. 18, n. 2 above. This is one of several indications that the section dealing with oats owed from Rougham is later in date than the section dealing with hidage from Rougham.

^{page 20 note 2} In 1086 41 freemen held 6 carucates.

^{page 20 note 3} Cf. Abbot Baldwin's ‘ Feudal Book ’, part iii (D.C.D., p. 34): ‘ Ad Hueluetham, Godric Grimulfi filius xxx acras et ii solidos et viii denarios ’.

^{page 20 note 4} In 1086 there were 11 freemen with 192 ware acres (D.B., ii. 363b). In the Kalendar, it seems that the socage land consisted of two main lots, the 48 ware acres being the first two holdings of 24 ware acres each.

^{page 21 note 1} Cf. D.B., ii. 291, 363b, 415b.

^{page 21 note 2} As in 1086. Selling was then allowed, so long as the soke and service (due in Rougham) remained to St. Edmund (D.B., ii. 363b).

^{page 21 note 3} Cf. Introduction, p. xl.

^{page 21 note 4} Cf. Abbot Baldwin's ‘ Feudal Book ’, part iii (D.C.D., p. 35): ‘ Ad Ryscebroc … Botild cum filiis xxx acras et ii solidos et viii denarios ‘. The Kalendar makes it clear that Botild’s son is dead.

^{page 22 note 1} The reference is to the hundred-reeves, and the meaning is ‘ if the hundred were farmed out’.

^{page 22 note 2} So also in D.B., ii. 361b–362.

^{page 22 note 3} The total of wardpenny recorded here is 17½d., but c. 1260 the convent's manor of Fornham was receiving 22d. ‘ warsilver ’. Pinchbeck, i. 342.

^{page 23 note 1} There is no survey of the hidage from Barton, which totalled 5l. 18s.

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