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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 December 2009
Duncombe while at Stockholm had the good fortune to be served as secretary by the Rev. John Robinson, chaplain to the embassy, who after the death in 1684 of Duncombe's predecessor, Philip Warwick, had been appointed “minister agens,” his commission then recording his long residence in Sweden and experience in affairs. On Duncombe's departure he was recommissioned in that quality and continued the envoy's work, for the same reasons, as set forth in the fragment of a report of his preserved, with as little fruit. After a visit to England in 1696, when he received the degree of doctor of divinity, he returned to Stockholm with the character of minister resident, both the war with France and the reign of Charles XI being then nearly at an end. His chief business in the next years was to bring Sweden into definite relations with the sea-powers. Success was attained when treaties of defensive alliance were concluded, the one with Great Britain under date 6/16 January 1699/1700, the other with Great Britain and Holland just a week later. During the remainder of the reign of William III his chief concern was with matters resulting from those treaties, as the repression of Denmark in 1700 and performance of the stipulations for mutual succour.
page 14 note 1 Duncombe found him indispensable. In reference to a Windsor prebend for him he wrote: “He well deserves such a thing for his owne merit as a clergy-man, but because of his zeale for the King and his service he deserves muche more, so it be not a cure of souls, for then heed leave me the next moment and I cannot possibly yet part with him, no, nor in truth the King's affaires. But a prebendry will doe wonderous well, and therefore pray continue your good offices in that affaire, when there is occasion.”
page 14 note 2 Record Office, State Papers Foreign, Sweden 14.
page 15 note 1 Says Robinson : “On my part it was a very odd audience, for I had on a very large robe with the furrs turn'd outwards, a great furr cap in my hand, and a very sorry periwig on my head.” He repudiated as a malicious invention of his enemies an assertion that a cold, which Charles caught, had been the result, saying that the interview had lasted only four or five minutes.
page 15 note 2 Writing from Hamburg on 7/18 June 1709 Robinson begged to be excused from accepting the bishopric of Chichester, saying, “I have been allmost from the years of my childhood so great a stranger at home, that I do not practically know what it is to govern the smalles parish in England. My studys have allso laid much another way, and I have many other reasons to apprehend that I am not duly qualified for so weighty a charge.” Three weeks later he suggested Dr. Manningham having the bishopric and himself the deanery of Windsor, which would leave him free to go abroad or to remain at home.
page 17 note 1 Sir Joseph Williamson, for whom see the Dictionary of National Biography, was engaged on affairs at the Hague in the years 1697 to 1699 In October 1698 he signed, with the earl of Portland, the first Partition Treaty.
page 17 note 2 Nils Lillieroth, Swedish envoy at the Hague.
page 18 note 1 Thomas Polus, secretary of state.
page 19 note 1 James Cressett, at this time envoy extraordinary to the Hanse Towns (Hamburg, Liübeck and Bremen). In 1696 he had been sent to Hamburg, with the same character, to help to compose at Pinneberg the then renewed disputes between Denmark and Holstein-Gottorp. He was also envoy extraordinary to George Louis, elector of Hanover.
page 20 note 1 The same mode of expression, 5 for 25, occurs in a previous dispatch.
page 21 note 1 Kristofer Leyoncrona, the Swedish minister resident in England, from 1703 envoy extraordinary.
page 23 note 1 Accordingly this preliminary treaty does not appear to have been completed but to have merged in the defensive alliance concluded between Great Britain Holland and Sweden on 5/16 August 1703.
page 24 note 1 Alexander Stanhope, envoy at the Hague.
page 30 note 1 The rebel prince Francis Rákóczy II of Transylvania.
page 30 note 2 Privy councillor Baron Bodo d'Oberg, sent on a special mission to Charles XII in Saxony. He received assurance that Charles would disturb no other part of the empire (D'Alais, 5 October 1706, B.M. Add. MS. 7075).
page 31 note 1 Johan van Haersolte, Heer van den Cranenburg, known by either name.
page 31 note 2 Brig.-Gen. Emanuel Scrope Howe, see the Dictionary of National Biography.
page 31 note 3 Jean de Robethon, confidential secretary.
page 32 note 1 The preliminary treaty, see p. 23.
page 32 note 2 Marinus van Vrybergen, Dutch envoy to queen Anne from 1702 till his death at Chelsea in 1711.
page 33 note 1 Count Carl Piper, principal minister in attendance on Charles XII until taken prisoner at Poltava.
page 34 note 1 Marlborough was detained by contrary winds at Margate for nearly a fortnight and when he got to the Hague, by 18 April N.S., was doubtful whether military requirements would allow him to proceed. However, he went on, reached Altranstädt on the 27th and had his long audience of Charles XII next day (Dispatches, III. 337 f.).Google Scholar