Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T21:21:05.842Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

RECOGNITION AND THE CHARACTER OF SENECA'S MEDEA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 August 2016

Erica Bexley*
Affiliation:
Swansea University, UK

Abstract

This article examines the character and identity of Seneca's Medea. Focusing on the recognition scene at the end of the play, I investigate how Medea constructs herself both as a literary figure and as an implied human personality. The concluding scene of Seneca's Medea raises crucial questions about self-coherence and recognisability: in contrast to other moments of anagnōrisis in Greco-Roman drama, it confirms the pre-existing facets of Medea's identity, rather than revealing new ones. This concept of recognition as self-confirmation is also integral to Seneca's Stoic view of human selfhood, and Medea's use of Stoic principles in this play reinforces her dual status as textual entity and quasi-person.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2016. Published by Cambridge University Press 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Works cited

Abrahamsen, L. (1999) ‘Roman marriage law and the conflict of Seneca's Medea ’, QUCC 62, 107–21.Google Scholar
Arcellaschi, A. (1990) Médée dans le théâtre latin d'Ennius à Sénèque, Rome.Google Scholar
Armstrong, D. (1982) ‘Senecan soleo: Hercules Oetaeus 1767’, CQ 32, 239–40.Google Scholar
Bartsch, S. (2006) The mirror of the self: sexuality, self-knowledge and the gaze in the early Roman Empire, Chicago.Google Scholar
Boyle, A. J. (1997) Tragic Seneca: an essay in the theatrical tradition, London and New York.Google Scholar
Boyle, A. J. (2014) Medea. Edited with introduction, translation, and commentary, Oxford and New York.Google Scholar
Braden, G. (1985) Renaissance tragedy and the Senecan tradition: anger's privilege, New Haven and London.Google Scholar
Brunt, P. A. (1975) ‘Stoicism and the Principate’, PBSR 43, 735.Google Scholar
Burchell, D. (1998) ‘Civic personae: MacIntyre, Cicero and moral personality’, History of Political Thought 19, 101–18.Google Scholar
Cave, T. (1988) Recognitions: a study in poetics, Oxford.Google Scholar
Cave, T. (2008) ‘Singing with tigers: recognition in Wilhelm Meister, Daniel Deronda, and Nights at the Circus’, in Kennedy and Lawrence (2008), 115–34.Google Scholar
Costa, C. D. N. (1973) Seneca: Medea. Edited with an introduction and commentary, Oxford.Google Scholar
Cowan, R. (2011) ‘Sinon and the case of the hypermetric oracle’, Phoenix 65, 361–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowan, R. (2013) ‘Haven't I seen you before somewhere? Optical allusions in Republican tragedy’, in Harrison, G. and Liapis, V. (eds.), Performance in Greek and Roman Theatre, Leiden, 311–42.Google Scholar
Davis, P. J. (2003) Seneca: Thyestes, London.Google Scholar
De Lacy, P. H. (1977) ‘The four Stoic personae’, ICS 2, 163–72.Google Scholar
Dingel, J. (1974) Seneca und die Dichtung, Heidelberg.Google Scholar
Duckworth, G. E. (1952) The nature of Roman comedy: a study in popular entertainment, Princeton.Google Scholar
Dupont, F. (1995) Les monstres de Sénèque: pour une dramaturgie de la tragédie romaine, Paris.Google Scholar
Dyck, A. (1996) A Commentary on Cicero, De Officiis, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Easterling, P. (1997) ‘Form and Performance’, in Easterling, P. (ed.), Cambridge companion to Greek tragedy, Cambridge, 151–77.Google Scholar
Edwards, C. (2002) ‘Acting and self-actualisation in imperial Rome: some death scenes’, in Easterling, P. and Hall, E. (eds.), Greek and Roman actors: aspects of an ancient profession, Cambridge, 377–94.Google Scholar
Erasmo, M. (2004) Roman tragedy: theatre to theatricality, Austin.Google Scholar
Fitch, J. G. and McElduff, S. (2002) ‘Construction of the self in Senecan drama’, Mnemosyne 55, 1840.Google Scholar
Frank, M. (1995) ‘The rhetorical use of family terms in Seneca's Oedipus and Phoenissae ’, Phoenix 49, 121–30.Google Scholar
Frede, M. (2007) ‘A notion of a person in Epictetus’, in Scaltsas, T. and Mason, A. S. (eds.), The philosophy of Epictetus, Oxford and New York, 153–68.Google Scholar
Gärtner, H. A. (1974) Cicero und Panaitios: Beobachtungen zu Ciceros De officiis, Heidelberg.Google Scholar
Gibson, R. K. (2007) Excess and restraint: Propertius, Horace, and Ovid's Ars Amatoria, London.Google Scholar
Gill, C. (1987) ‘Two monologues of self-division: Euripides, Medea 1021–80 and Seneca, Medea 893–977’, in Whitby, Michael, Hardie, P. and Whitby, Mary (eds.), Homo viator: classical essays for John Bramble, Bristol, 2537.Google Scholar
Gill, C. (1988) ‘Personhood and personality: the four-personae theory in Cicero De Officiis 1’, OSAPh 6, 169–99.Google Scholar
Gill, C. (2006) The structured self in Hellenistic and Roman thought. Oxford.Google Scholar
Goldhill, S. (1986) Reading Greek tragedy, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Goldman, M. (2000) On drama. Boundaries of genre, borders of self, Ann Arbor.Google Scholar
Grant, M. D. (1999) ‘Plautus and Seneca: acting in Nero's Rome’, G&R 46, 2733.Google Scholar
Guastella, G. (2001) ‘ Virgo, coniunx, mater: the wrath of Seneca's Medea’, CA 20, 197220.Google Scholar
Henry, D. and Walker, B. (1967) ‘Loss of identity: Medea superest? A study of Seneca's Medea ’, CP 62, 169–81.Google Scholar
Henry, D. and Walker, B. (1985) The mask of power: Seneca's tragedies and imperial Rome, Warminster.Google Scholar
Hijmans, B. L. (1966) ‘Drama in Seneca's Stoicism’, TAPA 97, 237–51.Google Scholar
Hinds, S. E. (1993) ‘Medea in Ovid: scenes from the life of an intertextual heroine’, MD 30, 947.Google Scholar
Hinds, S. E. (1998) Allusion and intertext: dynamics of appropriation in Roman poetry, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Hine, H. M. (2000) Seneca Medea with an introduction, text, translation, and commentary, Warminster.Google Scholar
Hook, B. S. (2000) ‘Nothing within which passeth show: character and color in Senecan tragedy’, in Harrison, G. (ed.), Seneca in performance, London, 5371.Google Scholar
Jonhson, W. R. (1988) ‘ Medea nunc sum: the close of Seneca's version’, in Pucci, P. (ed.), Language and the tragic hero: essays on Greek tragedy in honor of Gordon M. Kirkwood, Atlanta, 85102.Google Scholar
Kennedy, P. F. and Lawrence, M. (eds.) (2008) Recognition: the poetics of narrative. Interdisciplinary studies on anagnorisis, New York.Google Scholar
Kerrigan, J. (1996) Revenge tragedy: Aeschylus to Armageddon, Oxford.Google Scholar
Kirichenko, A. (2013) Lehrreiche Trugbilder: Senecas Tragödien und die Rhetorik des Sehens, Heidelberg.Google Scholar
Knoche, U. von. (1972) [1941] ‘Senecas Atreus. Ein Beispiel’, in Lefèvre (1972), 477–89.Google Scholar
Kokolakis, M. M. (1969) The dramatic simile of life, Athens.Google Scholar
Konstan, D. (1983) Roman comedy, Ithaca, NY.Google Scholar
Lacey, D. N. (1978–9) ‘Like father, like son: comic themes in Plautus’ Bacchides ’, CJ 74, 132–5.Google Scholar
Lefèvre, E. (1972) [1969] ‘ Quid ratio possit? Senecas Phaedra als stoisches Drama’, in id. (ed.), Senecas Tragödien, Darmstadt, 343–75.Google Scholar
Lefèvre, E. (1997) ‘Die Transformation der griechischen durch die römische Tragödie am Beispiel von Senecas Medea ’, in Flashar, H. (ed.), Tragödie, Idee und Transformation, Stuttgart and Leipzig, 6583.Google Scholar
Leo, F. (1878) De Senecae Tragoediis: observationes criticae, Berlin.Google Scholar
Littlewood, C. A. J. (2004) Self-representation and illusion in Senecan tragedy, Oxford.Google Scholar
Manuwald, G. (2013) ‘Medea: transformations of a Greek figure in Latin literature’, G&R 60, 114–35.Google Scholar
Nédoncelle, M. (1948) ‘Πρόσωπον et persona dans l'antiquité classique: essai de bilan linguistique’, Revue des sciences religieuses 22, 277–99.Google Scholar
Petrone, G. (1988) ‘ Nomen/omen: poetica e funzione dei nomi (Plauto, Seneca, Petronio)’, MD 20–1, 3370.Google Scholar
Phelan, J. (1989) Reading people, reading plots: character, progression, and the interpretation of narrative, Chicago and London.Google Scholar
Pohlenz, M. (1934) Antikes Führertum: Cicero De Officiis und das Lebensideal des Panaitios, Leipzig and Berlin.Google Scholar
Pratt, N. T. (1983) Seneca's drama, Chapel Hill, NC.Google Scholar
Ringer, M. (1998) Electra and the empty urn: metatheatre and role playing in Sophocles, Chapel Hill, NC and London.Google Scholar
Ross, D. O. (1975) Backgrounds to Augustan poetry: Gallus, elegy and Rome, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Schiesaro, A. (2003) The passions in play: Thyestes and the dynamics of Senecan drama, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Schiesaro, A. (2009) ‘Seneca and the denial of the self’, in Bartsch, S. and Wray, D. (eds.), Seneca and the self, Cambridge, 221–35.Google Scholar
Segal, C. (1982) ‘ Nomen sacrum: Medea and other names in Seneca tragedy’, Maia 34, 241–46.Google Scholar
Segal, C. (1986) Language and desire in Seneca's Phaedra, Princeton.Google Scholar
Sissa, G. (2006) ‘A theatrical poetics: recognition and the structural emotions of tragedy’, Arion 14, 3592.Google Scholar
Solimano, G. (1991) La prepotenza dell'occhio: riflessioni sull'opera di Seneca, Genoa.Google Scholar
Star, C. (2006) ‘Commanding constantia in Senecan tragedy’, TAPA 136, 207–44.Google Scholar
Star, C. (2012) The empire of the self: self-command and political speech in Seneca and Petronius, Baltimore.Google Scholar
Tarrant, R. J. (1978) ‘Senecan drama and its antecedents’, HSCPh 82, 213–63.Google Scholar
Traina, A. (1979) ‘Due note a Seneca tragico’, Maia 31, 273–6.Google Scholar
Trinacty, C. (2007) ‘Seneca's Heroides: Elegy in Seneca's Medea ’, CJ 103, 6378.Google Scholar
Trinacty, C. (2014) Senecan tragedy and the reception of Augustan poetry, Oxford and New York.Google Scholar
Turner, V. (1982) From ritual to theatre: the human seriousness of play, New York.Google Scholar
Wilamowitz-Moellendorff, U. von. (1919) Griechische Tragödien, 4 vols., Berlin.Google Scholar
Winterbottom, M. (1976) Review of Costa, Seneca: Medea , CR 26, 3940.Google Scholar
Woloch, A. (2003) The one vs. the many: minor characters and the space of the protagonist in the novel, Princeton.Google Scholar
Zeitlin, F. (2012) ‘A study in form: recognition scenes in the three Electra plays’, Lexis 30, 361–78.Google Scholar
Zwierlein, O. (1986a) L. Annaei Senecae Tragoediae, Oxford.Google Scholar
Zwierlein, O. (1986b) Kritischer Kommentar zu den Tragödien Senecas, Stuttgart.Google Scholar