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Native parasitoids and their potential to control the invasive leafminer, Cameraria ohridella DESCH. & DIM. (Lep.: Gracillariidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 February 2008

T. Klug ,
R. Meyhöfer ,
M. Kreye  and
M. Hommes
T. Klug
Affiliation:
Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (BBA), Messeweg 11/12, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany
R. Meyhöfer*
Affiliation:
Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (BBA), Messeweg 11/12, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany
M. Kreye
Affiliation:
Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (BBA), Messeweg 11/12, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany
M. Hommes
Affiliation:
Institute for Plant Protection in Horticulture, Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (BBA), Messeweg 11/12, D-38104 Braunschweig, Germany
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: 49 511 762 3015 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

In spite of the fact that since the end of the eighties, the horse chestnut leafminer, Cameraria ohridella, has established itself throughout Europe, native predators such as ants and birds are not attuned to this neozoic species. In contrast, several parasitic wasp species already started to exploit the invasive horse chestnut leafminer, but until now parasitation rates are quite low, mainly because of asynchrony in the lifecycles of parasitoids and host. Only the removal of leaf litter, in which pupae hibernate, is at the moment a strategy to reduce the infestation level in the next year. Unfortunately, not only hibernating horse chestnut leafminers but also parasitoids are removed, and important resources for biocontrol are unused. In the current study, we investigated the potential efficiency of the horse chestnut leafminer parasitoid complex extracted from leaf litter in defined environments. Parasitoids were released at different densities to investigate density dependence in parasitation rates.

Although seven different species were released in our experiments, only Pnigalio agraules turned out to be responsible for biocontrol of C. ohridella. We recorded parasitation rates of up to 35%. Overall, parasitation rates were independent of the leafminer density but increased fourfold if ten times more parasitoid individuals were released. Unfortunately, none of the parasitoid species could be established in the experimental units in the long run. Results are compared to other parasitoid-leafminer systems, and promotion of horse chestnut leafminer parasitoids to support natural selection and biological control of the horse chestnut leafminer is discussed.

Keywords

Cameraria ohridellahorse chestnut leafminerbiological controlparasitoid complexEulophidaePnigalio agraulesAesculus hippocastanum
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 98 , Issue 4 , August 2008 , pp. 379 - 387
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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