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Exon-primed intron-crossing (EPIC) PCR markers of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 June 2008

W.T. Tay ,
G.T. Behere ,
D.G. Heckel ,
S.F. Lee  and
P. Batterham
W.T. Tay*
Affiliation:
Centre for Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research, Department of Genetics, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
G.T. Behere
Affiliation:
Centre for Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research, Department of Genetics, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
D.G. Heckel
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Beutenberg Campus, Hans-Knöll-Straße 8, Jena D-07745, Germany
S.F. Lee
Affiliation:
Centre for Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research, Department of Genetics, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
P. Batterham
Affiliation:
Centre for Environmental Stress and Adaptation Research, Department of Genetics, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
*
*Author for correspondence Fax: +61 2 62464000 E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Applying microsatellite DNA markers in population genetic studies of the pest moth Helicoverpa armigera is subject to numerous technical problems, such as the high frequency of null alleles, occurrence of size homoplasy, presence of multiple copies of flanking sequence in the genome and the lack of PCR amplification robustness between populations. To overcome these difficulties, we developed exon-primed intron-crossing (EPIC) nuclear DNA markers for H. armigera based on ribosomal protein (Rp) and the Dopa Decarboxylase (DDC) genes and sequenced alleles showing length polymorphisms. Allele length polymorphisms were usually from random indels (insertions or deletions) within introns, although variation of short dinucleotide DNA repeat units was also detected. Mapping crosses demonstrated Mendelian inheritance patterns for these EPIC markers and the absence of both null alleles and allele ‘dropouts’. Three examples of allele size homoplasies due to indels were detected in EPIC markers RpL3, RpS6 and DDC, while sequencing of multiple individuals across 11 randomly selected alleles did not detect indel size homoplasies. The robustness of the EPIC-PCR markers was demonstrated by PCR amplification in the related species, H. zea, H. assulta and H. punctigera.

Keywords

HelicoverpaEPIC PCR markersLepidopteracross-species amplificationdopa decarboxylaseribosomal protein genes
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 98 , Issue 5 , October 2008 , pp. 509 - 518
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Cambridge University Press

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