Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T17:55:40.344Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Evaluation of diets for the development and reproduction of Franklinothrips orizabensis (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

M.S. Hoddle ,
J. Jones ,
K. Oishi ,
D. Morgan  and
L. Robinson
M.S. Hoddle*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of CaliforniaRiverside, CA 92521, USA
J. Jones
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of CaliforniaRiverside, CA 92521, USA
K. Oishi
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of CaliforniaRiverside, CA 92521, USA
D. Morgan
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of CaliforniaRiverside, CA 92521, USA
L. Robinson
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology, University of CaliforniaRiverside, CA 92521, USA
*
*Fax: (909) 787 3086 E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The suitability of ten diets for the development and reproduction of Franklinothrips orizabensis Johansen, the key natural enemy of Scirtothrips perseae Nakahara, a pest of California grown avocados, was determined in the laboratory. The experimental diets evaluated were: (i) irradiated Ephestia kuehniella Zeller eggs; (ii) irradiated E. kuehniella eggs and avocado pollen; (iii) Tetranychus pacificusMcGregor eggs; (iv) T. pacificus eggs and avocado pollen; (v) irradiated E. kuehniella eggs and T. pacificus eggs; (vi) irradiated E. kuehniellaeggs, T. pacificus eggs and avocado pollen; (vii) Scirtothrips perseae; (viii) Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis (Bouchè); (ix) avocado pollen; and (x) a young avocado leaf. Franklinothrips orizabensis larvae were unable to develop to adulthood on diets 9 and 10. The remaining eight diets supported complete development of F. orizabensis, but only diets 1, 2, 5, 6, 7 and 8 produced fecund females. On diet 5, F. orizabensis exhibited high larval to adult survivorship (90%), mated females exhibited highest daily and lifetime fecundity, and the progeny of mated females were female biased (53%). Analysis of jackknife estimates of net reproduction (Ro), intrinsic rate of increase (rm), and finite rate of increase (λ) were all significantly greater for F. orizabensisreared on irradiated E. kuehniella eggs and T. pacificus eggs (i.e. diet 5) than corresponding values for other diets on which female F. orizabensiswere able to complete development and reproduce. Incorporation of avocado pollen into diets had an adverse effect on demographic statistics for F. orizabensis, and low quality diets resulted in male biased sex ratios for this predator.

Type
Research Article
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 91 , Issue 4 , August 2001 , pp. 273 - 280
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2001

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Arakaki, N. & Okajima, S. (1998) Notes on the biology and morphology of a predatory thrips, Franklinothrips vespiformis (Crawford) (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae): First record from Japan. Entomological Science 1, 359–363.Google Scholar
Birch, L.C. (1948) The intrinsic rate of natural increase of an insect population. Journal of Animal Ecology 17, 15–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barbosa, P. & Wratten, S.D. (1998) Influence of plants on invertebrate predators; implications to conservation biological control. pp. 83–100 in Barbosa, P. (Ed.) Conservation biological control. San Diego, Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carey, J.R. (1993) Applied demography for biologists with special emphasis on insects. 206 pp. Oxford, Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ebeling, W. (1959) Subtropical fruit pests. University of California, Division of Agricultural Sciences.Google Scholar
Efron, B. (1981) Nonparametric estimates of the standard error: the jackknife, the bootstrap and other methods. Biometrika 68, 589–599.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Godfray, H.C.J. (1994) Parasitoids: behavioral and evolutionary ecology. 473 pp. Princeton, Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoddle, M.S. & Morse, J.G. (1997) Avocado thrips: a serious new pest of avocados in California. California Avocado Society Yearbook 81, 81–90.Google Scholar
Hoddle, M.S., Morse, J.G., Phillips, P., Faber, B., Wee, Y. & Peirce, S. (1999) Avocado thrips update. Citrograph 84, 13–14.Google Scholar
Hoddle, M.S., Aponte, O., Kerguelen, V. & Heraty, J. (1999) Biological control of Oligonychus perseae (Acari: Tetranychidae) on avocado: I. Evaluating release timings, recovery, and efficacy of six commercially available phytoseiids. International Journal of Acarology 25, 211–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoddle, M.S., Robinson, L., Drescher, K. & Jones, J. (2000) Developmental and reproductive biology of a predatory Franklinothrips n. sp. (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae). Biological Control 18, 27–38.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoddle, M.S., Oishi, K. & Morgan, D. (2001) Pupation biology of Franklinothrips orizabensis (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae) and harvesting and shipping of this predator. Florida Entomologist (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johansen, R.M. and Mojica-Guzman, A. (1996) Reconsideracion del concepto de depredador y parasitoide en tisanopteros Mexicanos (Insecta) de interes en control biologico natural. Folia Entomologia Mexicana 97, 21–38.Google Scholar
Lewis, T. (1973) Thrips: their biology, ecology, and economic importance. 349 pp. London, Academic Press.Google Scholar
McCallan, E. (1943) Natural enemies of the cacao thrips. Bulletin of Entomological Research 34, 313–321.Google Scholar
Meyer, J.S., Ingersoll, C.G., McDonald, L.L. & Boyce, M.S. (1986) Estimating uncertainty in population growth rates, jackknife vs. bootstrap techniques. Ecology 67, 1156–1166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, R.G. (1974) The jackknife – a review. Biometrika 61, 1–16.Google Scholar
Morse, J.G., Bellows, T.S. & Iwata, Y. (1986) Technique for evaluating residual toxicity of pesticides to motile insects. Journal of Economic Entomology 79, 281–283.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moulton, D. (1932) The Thysanoptera of South America. Revista de Entomologia 2, 451–484.Google Scholar
Mound, L.A. & Marullo, R. (1996) The thrips of Central and South America: an introduction (Insecta: Thysanoptera). 487 pp. Gainesville, Associated Publishers.Google Scholar
Mound, L.A. & Walker, A.K. (1987) Thysanoptera as tropical tramps: new records from New Zealand and the Pacific. New Zealand Entomologist 9, 70–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moznette, G.F. (1919) Annotated list of the injurious and beneficial insects of the avocado in Florida. Florida Buggist 3, 45–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Munger, F. (1942) A method for rearing citrus thrips in the laboratory. Journal of Economic Entomology 35, 373–375.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nakahara, S. (1997) Scirtothrips perseae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a new species infesting avocado in southern California. Insecta Mundi 11, 189–191.Google Scholar
Reijne, A. (1920) A cocoon spinning thrips. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 63, 40–45.Google Scholar
Rodriguez-Soana, C.R. & Trumble, J.T. (1999) Effect of avocadofurans on larval survival, growth, and food preference of the generalist herbivore, Spodoptera exigua. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 90, 131–140.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodriguez-Soana, C.R., Millar, J., Maynard, D.F. & Trumble, J.T. (1998) Novel antifeedant and insecticidal compounds from avocado idioblast cell oil. Journal of Chemical Ecology 24, 867–889.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sabelis, M.W. & van Rijn, P.C.J. (1997) Predation by insects and mites. pp. 259–354 in Lewis, T. (Ed.) Thrips as crop pests. Wallingford, CAB International.Google Scholar
Shao, J. & Tu, D. (1995) The jackknife and bootstrap. New York, Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silvers, C. (2000) Biological control of Scirtothrips perseae Nakahara in California avocados: assessment of two generalist predators. 103 pp. MS thesis, University of California at Riverside.Google Scholar
Southwood, T.R.E. (1978) Ecological methods with particular reference to the study of insect populations. 2nd edn. 524 pp. London, Chapman and Hall.Google Scholar
Stannard, L.J. (1952) Phylogenetic studies of Franklinothrips (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae). Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 42, 14–23.Google Scholar
Sureshkumar, N. & Ananthakrishnan, T.N. (1987) Biotic interactions in relation to prey–predator relationship with special reference to some thrips species. (Thysanoptera: Insecta). Journal of Entomological Research 11, 192–202.Google Scholar