Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T18:26:44.117Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Biological control of the floating fern Salvinia molesta in north-eastern Australia: plant-herbivore interactions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

I. W. Forno
I. W. Forno
Affiliation:
CSIRO, Division of Entomology, Long Pocket Laboratories, Private Bag No. 3, P.O., Indooroopilly, Queensland 4068, Australia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The curculionid Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder & Sands and the pyralid Samea multiplicalis Guenée were released in north-eastern Australia for the biological control of the floating fern Salvinia molesta. C. salviniae destroyed large areas of weed and was successful at coastal and elevated sites. At equilibrium, there was less than 1 adult/20 plants and only a few, very small plants at each site. The rate at which the weed was controlled varied with mat density. The moth did not reduce plant growth permanently at any site and did not interfere with the performance of the weevil.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 77 , Issue 1 , March 1987 , pp. 09 - 17
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anon. (1973). Salvinia (Salvinia auriculata).—2 pp. N.S.W. Dep. Agric.Google Scholar
Anon. (1985). Biological control of Salvinia molesta in the Eastern Caprivi.—Leaflet, Water Quality Division, Dept. Water Affairs, South West Africa.Google Scholar
Forno, I. W. (1981). Progress in the exploration of biological control agents for Salvinia molesta.— pp. 167-173 in Del Fosse, E. S. (Ed.). Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Biological Control of Weeds, Professional Development Centre, Brisbane, Australia, 22 to 29 July 1980.—649 pp. Australia, CSIRO.Google Scholar
Forno, I. W. (1985). How quickly can insects control salvinia in the tropics?—pp. 271-276 in Proceedings 1 of the Tenth Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference, Chiangmai, Thailand, 24-30 November 1985.—333 pp. Thailand, Dep. Agric., Thai. Pesticides Assoc.Google Scholar
Forno, I. W. & Bourne, A. S. (1984). Studies in South America of arthropods on the Salvinia auriculata complex of floating ferns and their effects on S. molesta.—Bull. ent. Res. 74, 609–621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forno, I. W. & Bourne, A. S. (1985). Feeding by adult Cyrtobagous salviniae on Salvinia molesta under different regimes of temperature and nitrogen content and the effects on plant growth.—Entomophaga 30, 279–286.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forno, I. W. & Harley, K. L. S. (1979). The occurrence of Salvinia molesta in Brazil.—Aquat. Bot. 6, 185–187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forno, I. W., Sands, D. P. A. & Sexton, W. (1983). Distribution, biology and host specificity of Cyrtobagous singularis Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for the biological control of Salvinia molesta.—Bull. ent. Res. 73, 85–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, A. D., Simons, J. G., Hansen, R. W. & Daniel, R. A. (1985). Chemical procedures for the analysis of plant material: multi-element, oil, sugars and gums.—18 pp. Brisbane, Australia, CSIRO Div. Trop. Crops and Pastures (Trop. Agron. Tech. Mem. no. 40).Google Scholar
Joy, P. J., Satheesan, N. V., Lyla, K. R. & Joseph, D. (in press). Successful biological control of the floating weed Salvinia molesta Mitchell using the weevil Cyrtobagous salviniae Calder and Sands in Kerala (India).—in Proceedings 2 of the Tenth Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Conference, Chiangmai, Thailand, 24-30 November 1985.Google Scholar
Kleinschmidt, H. E. (1973). Salvinia is a plant to watch.—Qd agric. J. 99, 73–74.Google Scholar
Mitchell, D. S. (1978). Aquatic weeds in Australian inland waters.—189 pp. Canberra, Australian Govt.Google Scholar
Room, P. M. (1983). ‘Falling apart’ as a lifestyle: the rhizome architecture and population growth of Salvinia molesta.—J. Ecol. 71, 349–365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Room, P. M., Harley, K. L. S., Forno, I. W. & Sands, D. P. A. (1981). Successful biological control of the floating weed salvinia.—Nature, Lond. 294, 78–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Room, P. M., Forno, I. W. & Taylor, M. F. J. (1984). Establishment in Australia of two insects for biological control of the floating weed Salvinia molesta.—Bull. ent. Res. 74, 505–516.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Room, P. M. & Thomas, P. A. (1985). Nitrogen and establishment of a beetle for biological control of the floating weed Salvinia in Papua New Guinea.—J. appl. Ecol. 22, 139–156.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Room, P. M. & Thomas, P. A. (1986). Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in Salvinia molesta Mitchell in the field: effects of weather, insect damage, fertilizers and age.—Aquat. Bot. 24, 213–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sands, D. P. A., Schotz, M. & Bourne, A. S. (1983). The feeding characteristics and development of larvae of a salvinia weevil Cyrtobagous sp.—Entomologia exp. appl. 34, 291–296.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sands, D. P. A., Schotz, M. & Bourne, A. S. (1986). A comparative study on the intrinsic rates of increase of Cyrtobagous singularis and C. salviniae on the water weed Salvinia molesta.—Entomologia exp. appl. 42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, M. J. F. & Forno, I. W. (in press). Oviposition preferences of the salvinia moth Samea multiplicalis Guenee (Lep., Pyralidae) in relation to hostplant quality and damage.—Z. Angew. Ent.Google Scholar
Thomas, P. A. & Room, P. M. (1986). Taxonomy and control of Salvinia molesta.—Nature, Lond. 320, 581–584.CrossRefGoogle Scholar