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Selenium influences growth via thyroid hormone status in broiler chickens

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

He Jianhua ,
Akira Ohtsuka  and
Kunioki Hayashi
He Jianhua
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
Akira Ohtsuka
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
Kunioki Hayashi*
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
*
†Corresponding author: Dr Kunioki Hayashi, fax +81 99 285 8652, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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As there is a possibility that Se influences the growth of animals via thyroid hormone metabolism, the following three experiments were undertaken in order to determine the effects of dietary Se on growth, skeletal muscle protein turnover and thyroid hormone status in broiler chickens. Broiler chickens were raised on a Se-deficient diet until 12 d of age and then used for the experiments. In Experiment 1, twenty-eight birds were randomly assigned to four groups and fed purified diets with the following amounts of Se supplementation: 0·0, 0·1, 0·3 and 0·5 mg Se/kg diet. Dietary Se supplementation significantly increased plasma 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3) concentration and improved growth, while plasma thyroxine (T4) concentration was decreased. In Experiment 2, twenty-eight birds were assigned to four groups and fed either a Se-deficient diet or a Se-supplemented diet (0·3 mg Se/kg diet) with or without the supplementation of iopanoic acid, a specific inhibitor of 5′-deiodinase (5 mg/kg diet). The growth was promoted and feed efficiency was improved by dietary Se supplementation as was also observed in Experiment 1. However, this effect of Se was halted by iopanoic acid supplementation. Hepatic 5′-deiodinase activity was elevated by Se and inhibited by iopanoic acid. In Experiment 3, birds were fed on the following diets to show that Se influences growth of birds via thyroid hormone metabolism: Se-deficient diet, Se-supplemented diets (0·1 and 0·3 mg/kg) and T3 supplemented diets (0·1 and 0·3 mg/kg diet). Lower dietary T3 supplementation (0·1 mg/kg diet) resulted in growth promotion similar to Se supplementation, while higher level of T3 caused growth depression. Furthermore, it was observed that the rate of skeletal muscle protein breakdown tended to be increased by Se similarly to the effect of T3. In conclusion, it was shown in the present study that Se deficiency depresses growth of broilers by inhibiting hepatic 5′-deiodinase activity which causes lower plasma T3 concentration.

Keywords

SeleniumThyroid hormone5-DeiodinaseGrowth
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 84 , Issue 5 , November 2000 , pp. 727 - 732
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2000

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