Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T07:53:33.448Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Replacement of butter on bread by rapeseed oil and rapeseed oil-containing margarine: effects on plasma fatty acid composition and serum cholesterol

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

T. Seppänen-Laakso ,
H. Vanhanen ,
I. Laakso ,
H. Kohtamäki  and
J. Viikari
T. Seppänen-Laakso
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacy, Fabianinkatu 35, SF-00170 HelsinkiFinland
H. Vanhanen
Affiliation:
Second Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
I. Laakso
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacy, Fabianinkatu 35, SF-00170 HelsinkiFinland
J. Viikari
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, University of Turku, Finland
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The effects of zero-erucic acid rapeseed oil and rapeseed oil-containing margarine on plasma fatty acid composition and serum cholesterol were studied in butter users (n 43). Compliance to the substitution was followed by fatty acid analysis of total plasma and plasma phospholipids. The amount of substitute fats represented, on average, 21% of total fat and 8% of total energy intake. Changes in the relative fatty acid composition of plasma phospholipids indicated further fatty acid metabolism, and were closely related to the serum cholesterol level. The reduction in saturated fatty acids led to a significant increase in the proportion of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with the rapeseed oil diet, whereas the margarine caused a significant rise in n-6 PUFA only. The increase in the proportions of the two PUFA families occurred in accordance with their competitive order, most completely with the rapeseed oil diet. When butter was replaced by rapeseed oil, low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased by an average of 9.1% without a reduction in high-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol. During margarine substitution the reduction was 5.2%, on average. Of the plasma phospholipids, α-linolenic acid and the linoleic:stearic acid ratio, but not oleic acid, were the components most significantly correlated with serum cholesterol levels or the decrease in these levels. The results show that rapeseed oil can act primarily as a source of essential fatty acids, rather than that of monoenes, in the diet of butter users.

Keywords

Zero-erucic acid rapeseed oilPlasma fatty acidsα-Linolenic acidSerum cholesterol
Type
Lipid Metabolism
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 68 , Issue 3 , November 1992 , pp. 639 - 654
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1992

References

Ackman, R. G. (1983). Chemical composition of rapeseed oil. In High and Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oils, pp. 85–129 [Sauer, F. D. and Kramer, J. K. G., editors]. Toronto, New York and London: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bonanome, A. & Grundy, S. M. (1988). Effect of dietary stearic acid on plasma cholesterol and lipoprotein levels. New England Journal of Medicine 318, 1244–1248.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Crawford, M. A. (1983). Background to essential fatty acids and their prostanoid derivatives. British Medical Bulletin 39, 210–213.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dougherty, R. M., Galli, C., Ferro-Luzzi, A. & lacono, J. M. (1987). Lipid and phospholipid fatty acid composition of plasma, red blood cells, and platelets and how they are affected by dietary lipids: a study of normal subjects from Italy, Finland, and the USA. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 45, 443–455.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Friedewald, W. T., Levy, R. I. & Fredrickson, D. S. (1972). Estimation of low density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clinical Chemistry 18, 499–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Grundy, S. M. (1987). Monounsaturated fatty acids, plasma cholesterol, and coronary heart disease. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 45, 1168–1175.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hegstedt, D. M., McGandy, R. B., Myers, M. L. & Stare, F. J. (1965). Quantitative effects of dietary fat on serum cholesterol in man. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 17, 281–295.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holman, R. T. (1986). Nutritional and biochemical evidences of acyl interaction with respect to essential polyunsaturated fatty acids. Progress in Lipid Research 25, 29–39.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jacotot, B., Lassere, M. & Mendy, F. (1986). Effects of different diets rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma phospholipids in the human. Progress in Lipid Research 25, 185–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keys, A. (1970). Coronary heart disease in seven countries. Circulation 41, Suppl. 1, 1–211.Google Scholar
Laakso, I. (1986). An analytical and breeding study on fatty acids in summer turnip rape (Brassica campestris L. var. annua). Journal of Agricultural Science in Finland 58, 103–141.Google Scholar
Lassere, M. & Jacotot, B. (1983). Effets a long terme de plusieurs graisses alimentaires (dont l'huile de colza) sur les lipides seriques d'une population de religieuses benedictines (Long-term effects of several dietary fats (including rapeseed oil) on serum lipids in a Benedictine population). Proceedings of the 6th International Rapeseed Conference, Paris, pp. 1653–1659. Paris: GCIRC.Google Scholar
Logan, R. L., Thomson, M., Riemersma, R. A., Oliver, M. F., Olsson, A. G., Rössner, S., Callmer, E., Walldius, G., Kaijser, L., Carlson, L. A., Lockerbie, L. & Lutz, W. (1978). Risk factors for ischaemic heart-disease in normal men aged 40. Edinburgh-Stockholm study. Lancet i, 949–954.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McDonald, B. E., Gerrard, J. M., Bruce, V. M. & Corner, E. J. (1989). Comparison of the effect of canola oil and sunflower oil on plasma lipids and lipoproteins and on in vivo thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin production in healthy young men. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 50, 1382–1388.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mensink, R. P. & Katan, M. B. (1987). Effect of monounsaturated fatty acids versus complex carbohydrates on high-density lipoproteins in healthy men and women. Lancet i, 122–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miettinen, T., Naukkarinen, V., Huttunen, J. K., Mattila, S. & Kumlin, T. (1982). Fatty-acid composition of serum lipids predicts myocardial infarction. British Medical Journal 285, 993–996.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Moilanen, T. (1987). Short-term biological reproducibility of serum fatty acid composition in children. Lipids 22, 250–252.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nestel, P. J. (1987). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3, n-6). American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 45, 1161–1167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Renaud, S., Godsey, F., Dumont, E., Thevenon, C., Ortchanian, E. & Martin, J. L. (1986). Influence of long-term diet modification on platelet function and composition in Moselle farmers. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 43, 136–150.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riemersma, R. A., Wood, D. A., Butler, S., Elton, R. A., Oliver, M., Salo, M., Nikkari, T., Vartiainen, E., Puska, P., Gey, F., Rubba, P., Mancini, M. & Fidanza, F. (1986). Linoleic acid content in adipose tissue and coronary heart disease. British Medical Journal 292, 1423–1427.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sanders, T. A. B. & Younger, K. M. (1981). The effect of dietary supplements of ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the fatty acid composition of platelets and plasma choline phosphoglycerides. British Journal of Nutrition 45, 613–616.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Savoie, L., Navratil, O., Moorjani, S. & Lupien, P. J. (1983). Effets comparatifs de l'huile de tournesol et de l'huile de colza a faible teneurs en acide erucic dans le traitement de l'hypercholesterolemie familiale heterozygote (Comparative effects of sunflower oil and low erucic acid-rapeseed oil in the treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia). Proceedings of the 6th International Rapeseed Conference, Paris, France pp. 1700–1705. Paris: GCIRC.Google Scholar
Seppänen, R. (1987). NUTRICA - A computerized food table based programme for estimation of nutrient intake (in Finnish). Kotitalous 3, 20–22.Google Scholar
Sprecher, H. (1983). The mechanisms of fatty acid chain elongation and desaturation in animals. In High and Low Erucic Acid Rapeseed Oils pp. 385–411 [Sauer, F. D. and Kramer, J. K. G., editors]. Toronto, New York and London: Academic Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thompson, G. R. (1989). A Handbook of Hyperlipidaemia, pp. 1–21 [Thompson, G. R., editor]. London: Current Science Ltd.Google Scholar
Viikari, J. (1976). Precipitation of plasma lipoproteins by PEG-6000 and its evaluation with electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 36, 265–268.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weaver, B. J., Corner, E. J., Bruce, V. M., McDonald, B. E. & Holub, B. J. (1990). Dietary canola oil: effect on the accumulation of eicosapentaenoic acid in the alkenylacyl fraction of human platelet ethanolamine phosphoglyceride. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51, 594–598.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed