Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T00:52:53.398Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Effect of fatty acid chain length and saturation on the gastrointestinal handling and metabolic disposal of dietary fatty acids in women

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Amanda E. Jones ,
Michael Stolinski ,
Ruth D. Smith ,
Jane L. Murphy  and
Stephen A. Wootton
Amanda E. Jones
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
Michael Stolinski
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
Ruth D. Smith
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
Jane L. Murphy
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
Stephen A. Wootton*
Affiliation:
Institute of Human Nutrition, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
*
*Corresponding author:fax +44 (0)1703 796317, email [email protected]
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The gastrointestinal handling and metabolic disposal of [1-13C]palmitic acid, [1-13C]stearic acid and [1-13C]oleic acid administered within a lipid–casein–glucose–sucrose emulsion were examined in normal healthy women by determining both the amount and nature of the 13C label in stool and label excreted on breath as 13CO2. The greatest excretion of 13C label in stool was in the stearic acid trial (9.2 % of administered dose) whilst comparatively little label was observed in stool in either the palmitic acid (1.2 % of administered dose) or oleic acid (1.9 % of administered dose) trials. In both the palmitic acid and oleic acid trials, all of the label in stool was identified as being present in the form in which it was administered (i.e. [13C]palmitic acid in the palmitic acid trial and [13C]oleic acid in the oleic acid trial). In contrast, only 87 % of the label in the stool in the stearic acid trial was identified as [13C]stearic acid, the remainder was identified as [13C]palmitic acid which may reflect chain shortening of [1-13C]stearic acid within the gastrointestinal tract. Small, but statistically significant, differences were observed in the time course of recovery of 13C label on breath over the initial 9 h of the study period (oleic acid = palmitic acid > stearic acid). However, when calculated over the 24 h study period, the recovery of the label as 13CO2 was similar in all three trials (approximately 25 % of absorbed dose). These results support the view that chain length and degree of unsaturation may influence the gastrointestinal handling and immediate metabolic disposal of these fatty acids even when presented within an emulsion.

Keywords

Fatty acidsPostprandial lipid metabolismStable isotopes
Type
Short communication
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 81 , Issue 1 , January 1999 , pp. 37 - 44
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1999

References

Bloom, B, Chaikoff, IL & Reinhardt, WO (1951) Intestinal lymph as a pathway for transport of absorbed fatty acids of different chain lengths. American Journal of Physiology 166, 451–455.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clarke, SD, Romsos, DR & Leveille, GA (1977) Differential effects of dietary methyl esters of long chain saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids on rat liver and adipose tissue lipogenesis. Journal of Nutrition 107, 1170–1181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Craig, H (1957) Isotopic standards for carbon and oxygen and corrective factors for mass-spectrometric analysis of carbon dioxide. Geochemica Cosmochimica Acta 12, 133–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dupont, J (1966) Fatty acid oxidation in relation to cholesterol biosynthesis in rats. Lipids 1, 415–421.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Emken, EA, Adlof, RO, Rohwedder, WK & Gulley, RM (1993) Influence of linoleic acid on desaturation and uptake of deuterium-labelled palmitic and stearic acids in humans. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1170, 173–181.Google Scholar
Folch, JL, Lees, M & Sloane-Stanley, GH (1957) A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. Journal of Biological Chemistry 226, 497–509.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Frayn, KN (1983) Calculation of substrate oxidation rates in vivo from gaseous exchange. Journal of Applied Physiology 55, E628–E634.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goransson, G (1965) The metabolism of fatty acids in the rat. VII. Lauric acid and myristic acid. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 64, 383–386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gregory, J, Foster, KTyler, H & Wiseman, M (1990) The Dietary and Nutritional Survey of British Adults. London: H. M. Stationery Office.Google Scholar
Gunstone, FD, Harwood, JL & Padley, FB (1994) The Lipid Handbook, 2nd ed. London: Chapman & Hall.Google Scholar
Hegsted, DM, McGandy, RB, Myers, ML & Stare, FJ (1965) Quantitative effects of dietary fat on serum cholesterol in man. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 17, 281–295.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, AE (1996) The gastrointestinal handling and metabolic disposal of dietary lipid. PhD Thesis, University of Southampton.Google Scholar
Jones, PJH (1994) Dietary linoleic, α-linolenic and oleic acids are oxidised at similar rates in rats fed a diet containing these acids in equal proportions. Lipids 29, 491–495.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones, PJH, Pencharz, PB & Clandinin, MT (1985a) Absorption of 13C-labelled stearic, oleic and linoleic acids in humans: application to breath tests. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 105, 647–652.Google Scholar
Jones, PJH, Pencharz, PB & Clandinin, MT (1985b) Whole body oxidation of dietary fatty acids: implications for energy utilization. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 42, 769–777.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Karpe, F (1997) Postprandial lipid metabolism in relation to coronary heart disease. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 56, 671–678.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keys, AJ, Anderson, JT & Grande, F (1957) Essential fatty acids, degree of unsaturation, and effect of corn (maize) oil on the serum-cholesterol level in man. Lancet 1, 66–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keys, AJ, Anderson, JT & Grande, F (1965) Serum cholesterol response to changes in the diet. IV. Particular saturated fatty acids in the diet. Metabolism 14, 776–787.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kirschner, SL, & Harris, RS (1961) The effects of chain length on the metabolism of saturated fatty acids by the rat. Journal of Nutrition 73, 397–402.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kritchevsky, D (1994) Stearic acid metabolism and atherogenesis: history. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60, Suppl., 997S–1001S.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Leyton, J, Drury, PJ & Crawford, MA (1987) Differential oxidation of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vivo in the rat. British Journal of Nutrition 57, 383–393.Google Scholar
Lynn, WS & Brown, RH (1959) Oxidation and activation of unsaturated fatty acids. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 81, 353–362.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Macdougall, DE, Jones, PJH, Vogt, J, Phang, PT & Kitts, DD (1996) Utilization of myristic and palmitic acid in humans fed different dietary fats. European Journal of Clinical Investigation 26, 755–762.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mead, JF, Slaton, WH & Decker, AB (1956) Metabolism of the essential fatty acids. II. The metabolism of stearate, oleate and linoleate by fat deficient and normal mice. Journal of Biological Chemistry 218, 401–407.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, JL, Jones, ABrookes, S & Wootton, SA (1995) The gastrointestinal handling and metabolism of [1-13C]palmitic acid in healthy women. Lipids 30, 291–298.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Murphy, JL, Jones, AE, Stolinski, M & Wootton, SA (1997) Gastrointestinal handling of [1-13C]palmitic acid in healthy controls and patients with cystic fibrosis. Archives of Diseases in Childhood 76, 425–427.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ockner, RK, Pittman, JP & Yager, JL (1972) Differences in the intestinal absorption of saturated and unsaturated long chain fatty acids. Gastroenterology 62, 981–991.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schoeller, DA, Klein, PD, Maclean, WC, Watkins, JB & Van Santen, E (1981) Fecal 13C analysis for the detection and quantitation of intestinal malabsorption. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 97, 439–448.Google ScholarPubMed
Stolinski, M, Murphy, JL, Jones, AE, Jackson, AA & Wootton, SA (1997) Stable-isotope method for determining the gastrointestinal handling of [1-13C]palmitic acid. Lipids 32, 337–340.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Watkins, JB, Klein, PDSchoeller, DA, Kirschner, BS, Park, R & Perman, JA (1982) Diagnosis and differentiation of fat malabsorption in children using 13C-labelled lipids: trioctanoin, triolein and palmitic acid breath tests. Gastroenterology 82, 911–917.CrossRefGoogle Scholar