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Dietary trans α-linolenic acid from deodorised rapeseed oil and plasma lipids and lipoproteins in healthy men: the TransLinE Study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Susanne H. F. Vermunt ,
Bernard Beaufrère ,
Rudolph A. Riemersma ,
Jean-Louis Sébédio ,
Jean-Michel Chardigny  and
Ronald P. Mensink
Susanne H. F. Vermunt
Affiliation:
Maastricht University, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Bernard Beaufrère
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Nutrition Humaine, Université d'Auvergne CRNH, Clermont-Ferrand, France
Rudolph A. Riemersma
Affiliation:
University of Edinburgh, Cardiovascular Research Unit, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
Jean-Louis Sébédio
Affiliation:
INRA, Unité de Nutrition Lipidique, Dijon, France
Jean-Michel Chardigny
Affiliation:
INRA, Unité de Nutrition Lipidique, Dijon, France
Ronald P. Mensink*
Affiliation:
Maastricht University, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht, The Netherlands
*
*Corresponding author: Dr Ronald P. Mensink, fax + 31 43 3670976, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Trans isomers of α-linolenic acid, which are formed by deodorization of refined vegetable oils, can be found in significant amounts in edible oils. Effects of trans α-linolenic acid on plasma lipoproteins are unknown. We therefore investigated the effects of trans α-linolenic acid on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in healthy European men. Eighty-eight healthy men from three European countries (France, Scotland, UK and the Netherlands) first consumed for 6 weeks a diet with experimental oils ‘free’ of trans fatty acids (run-in period). For the next 6 weeks, they were randomly allocated to a diet with experimental oils ‘high’ or ‘low’ in trans α-linolenic acid. Daily total trans α-linolenic acid intake in the high trans group was 1410 (range 583–2642) mg. Experimental oils were provided as such, or incorporated into margarines, cheeses, muffins and biscuits. The high trans α-linolenic acid diet significantly increased the plasma LDL-:HDL-cholesterol ratio by 8.1 % (95 % CI 1.4, 15.3; P=0.02), and the total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio by 5.1 % (95 % CI 0.4, 9.9; P=0.03) compared with the low-trans diet. This was largely explained by an increase in LDL-cholesterol on the high-trans diet, while no change was observed in the low-trans group (mean treatment effect of 4.7 % (95 % CI -0.8, 10.5; P=0.10). No effects were found on total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols, apolipoprotein B and A-1, and lipoprotein(a) concentrations. In conclusion, trans α-linolenic acid may increase plasma LDL-:HDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratios. Whether diet-induced changes in these ratios truly affects the risk for CHD remains to be established.

Keywords

Trans -linolenic acidLipidsTotal cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratioRapeseed oil
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 85 , Issue 3 , March 2001 , pp. 387 - 392
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2001

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