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Dietary conjugated linoleic acid differentially alters fatty acid composition and increases conjugated linoleic acid content in porcine adipose tissue

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Ewa Ostrowska ,
Reg F. Cross ,
Morley Muralitharan ,
Dale E. Bauman  and
Frank R. Dunshea
Ewa Ostrowska
Affiliation:
Department of Primary Industries, 600 Sneydes Rd, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia
Reg F. Cross
Affiliation:
Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia
Morley Muralitharan
Affiliation:
Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
Dale E. Bauman
Affiliation:
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
Frank R. Dunshea*
Affiliation:
Department of Primary Industries, 600 Sneydes Rd, Werribee, VIC 3030, Australia Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
*
*Corresponding author: Associate Professor Frank R. Dunshea, fax +61 3 9 742 0400, email [email protected]
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Abstract

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Conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) have been shown to decrease body fat content in pigs. It is possible that feeding pigs diets rich in CLA may increase carcass lipid CLA to levels that could provide health benefits when included as a part of a healthy diet. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine whether dietary CLA supplementation has any effect on the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous and intramuscular adipose tissue in pigs. Thirty-five female cross bred (Large White×Landrace) pigs (initial weight 57·2kg and initial P2 back fat 11·5mm) were used in the present study. Pigs were housed individually and randomly allocated to one of six dietary treatments (0·00, 1·25, 2·50, 5·00, 7·50 and 10·00g CLA55 (55g CLA isomers/100g total fatty acids; Natural Lipids Ltd, Hovdebygda, Norway)/kg) and fed their respective diets for 8 weeks. Twelve CLA isomers in the diet and in pig tissue lipids were separated by Ag+-HPLC. CLA was incorporated at fivefold higher levels in subcutaneous fat as compared with intramuscular fat and in a dose-dependant manner. Overall, the transfer efficiency of CLA was maximized at 5·00g CLA55/kg. However, there was clear selectivity in the uptake or incorporation of cis,trans-9,11 isomer over the trans,cis-10,12 isomer. In general, CLA supplementation produced significant changes in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue fatty acid composition, indicating that dietary CLA had a potent affect on lipid transport and metabolism in vivo. Significant increases in myristic, palmitic and palmitoleic acids and a reduction in arachidonic acid were observed, suggesting an alteration in activity of Δ5-, Δ6- and Δ9-desaturases in pig adipose tissue. In conclusion, feeding pigs diets supplemented with CLA increases carcass lipid CLA, but also results in changes in the fatty acid profile in pig fat that could potentially outweigh the benefits of CLA.

Keywords

Conjugated linoleic acidFatty acidsPigs
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 90 , Issue 5 , November 2003 , pp. 915 - 928
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 2003

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